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| 1 | What we should know about portal vein thrombosis in cirrhotic patients:A changing perspective显示文摘Portal vein thrombosis(PVT) is one of the most common complications occurring during the natural course of liver cirrhosis.Even though PVT is often asymptomatic,the worsening of liver function,an unexpected episode of gastrointestinal bleeding or ascitic decompensation may be landmarks of PVT development.Beyond these clinical manifestations,it is debated whether PVT really has an impact on liver cirrhosis natural history or rather represents only one of its consequences.Probably PVT development should not only be considered as a matter of impaired blood flow or pro-coagulation tendency.On one hand,PVT seems a consequence of the worsening in portal vein outflow due to the increased hepatic resistance in cirrhotic livers.On the other hand,vascular microthrombosis secondary to necroinflammation may cause liver ischemia and infarction,with loss of hepatic tissue(parenchymal extinction) which is replaced by fibrotic tissue.Therefore,PVT might also be considered as the overt manifestation of the liver fibrosing process evolution and anticoagulant therapy may thus have microscopic indirect effects also on the progression of liver disease.At present,a connection between PVT development and the progression of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis has not yet been demonstrated.Nevertheless,it is not clear if PVT development may worsen cirrhotic patients' outcome by itself.Some authors tried to assess liver transplant benefit in PVT cirrhotic patients but data are contrasting.In this review,we will try to answer these questions,providing a critical analysis of data reported in literature. | Francesca Romana Ponziani Maria Assunta Zocco Matteo Garcovich Francesca D'Aversa Davide Roccarina Antonio Gasbarrini | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，36： | 24 |
| 2 | Portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis: Why a well-known complication is still matter of debate显示文摘Portal vein thrombosis(PVT)represents a well-known complication during the natural course of liver cirrhosis(LC),ranging from asymptomatic cases to lifethreating conditions related to portal hypertension and hepatic decompensation.Portal flow stasis,complex acquired hypercoagulable disorders and exogenous factors leading to endothelial dysfunction have emerged as key factors for PVT development.However,PVT occurrence remains unpredictable and many issues regarding its natural history,prognostic significance and treatment are still elusive.In particular although spontaneous resolution or disease stability occur in most cases of PVT,factors predisposing to disease progression or recurrence after spontaneous recanalization are not clarified as yet.Moreover,PVT impact on LC outcome is still debated,as PVT may represent itself a consequence of liver fibrosis and hepatic dysfunction progression.Anticoagulation and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt are considered safe and effective in this setting and are recommended in selected cases,even if the safer therapeutic option and the optimal therapy duration are still unknown.Nevertheless,their impact on mortality rates should be addressed more extensively.In this review we present the most debated questions regarding PVT,whose answers should come from prospective cohort studies and large sample-size randomized trials. | Mariella Faccia Maria Elena Ainora Francesca Romana Ponziani Laura Riccardi Matteo Garcovich Antonio Gasbarrini Maurizio Pompili Maria Assunta Zocco | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，31： | 23 |
| 3 | Prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy: Focusing on gut microbiota显示文摘The gut flora plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the complications of cirrhosis. Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) represents a broad continuum of neuropsychological dysfunction in patients with acute or chronic liver disease and/or porto-systemic shunting of blood flow and it manifests with progressive deterioration of the superior neurological functions. The pathophysiology of this disease is complex, as it involves overproduction and reduced metabolism of various neurotoxins, particularly ammonia. Management of HE is diversified and requires several steps: elimination of precipitating factors, removal of toxins, proper nutritional support, modulation of resident fecal flora and downregulation of systemic and gut-derived inflammation. This review will provide an overview of gut barrier function and the influence of gut-derived factors on HE, focusing on the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of HE and the recent literature findings on its therapeutic manipulation. | Matteo Garcovich Maria Assunta Zocco Davide Roccarina Francesca Romana Ponziani Antonio Gasbarrini | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，46： | 16 |
| 4 | Cutaneous manifestations of hepatitis C in the era of new antiviral agents显示文摘The association of chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection with a wide spectrum of cutaneous manifestations has been widely reported in the literature, with varying strength of epidemiological association. Skin diseases which are certainly related with chronic HCV infection due to a strong epidemiological and pathogenetic association are mixed cryoglobulinemia, lichen planus and porphyria cutanea tarda. Chronic pruritus and necrolytic acral erythema are conditions that may share a possible association with HCV infection, while several immune-mediated inflammatory skin conditions, such as psoriasis, chronic urticaria and vitiligo, have been only anecdotally reported in the setting of chronic HCV infection. Traditional interferonbased treatment regimens for HCV infection are associated with substantial toxicity and a high-risk of immune-related adverse events, while the advent of new direct-acting antivirals with sustained virological response and improved tolerability will open the door for all-oral, interferon-free regimens. In the new era of these direct acting antivirals there will be hopefully a renewed interest in extra-hepatic manifestations of HCV infection. The aim of the present paper is to review the main cutaneous HCV-related disorders- mixed cryoglobulinemia, lichen planus, porphyria cutanea tarda and chronic pruritus- and to discuss the potential impact of new antiviral treatments on the course of these extrahepatic manifestations of chronic HCV infection. | Simone Garcovich Matteo Garcovich Rodolfo Capizzi Antonio Gasbarrini Maria Assunta Zocco | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，27： | 5 |
| 5 | Diagnosis of bowel diseases:The role of imaging and ultrasonography显示文摘Examinations with a visualisation of the anatomy and pathology of the gastrointestinal(GI) tract are often necessary for the diagnosis of GI diseases.Traditional radiology played a crucial role for many years.Endoscopy,despite some limitations,remains the main technique in the differential diagnosis and treatment of GI diseases.In the last decades,the introduction of,and advances in,non-invasive cross-sectional imaging modalities,including ultrasound(US),computed tomography(CT),positron-emission tomography(PET),and magnetic resonance imaging,as well as improvements in the resolution of imaging data,the acquisition of 3D images,and the introduction of contrast-enhancement,have modified the approach to the examination of the GI tract.Moreover,additional co-registration techniques,such as PET-CT and PET-MRI,allow multimodal data acquisition with better sensitivity and specificity in the study of tissue pathology.US has had a growing role in the development and application of the techniques for diagnosis and management of GI diseases because it is inexpensive,non-invasive,and more comfortable for the patient,and it has sufficient diagnostic accuracy toprovide the clinician with image data of high temporal and spatial resolution.Moreover,Doppler and contrastenhanced ultrasound(CEUS) add important information about blood flow.This article provides a general review of the current literature regarding imaging modalities used for the evaluation of bowel diseases,highlighting the role of US and recent developments in CEUS. | Davide Roccarina Matteo Garcovich Maria Elena Ainora Gianluigi Caracciolo Francesca Ponziani Antonio Gasbarrini Maria Assunta Zocco | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，14： | 5 |
| 6 | Usefulness of contrast enhanced ultrasound in monitoring therapeutic response after hepatocellular carcinoma treatment显示文摘In the last years, the development in the oncology field has been huge and rapid. In particular, the evaluation of response to anti-tumour treatments has been being object of intense research, producing significant changes. Response assessment after therapy in solid neoplasias has always used radiological imaging techniques, with tumour size reduction representing a presumed therapeutic efficacy. However, with the introduction of anti-angiogenetic drugs the evaluation of tumour size has become unsuitable because some tumours, under treatment, show only tumour perfusion changes rather than lesion shrinkage. Between different imaging techniques with contrast-enhancement, contrastenhanced ultrasound(CEUS) and, in particular, dynamic CEUS have arisen as a promising and non-invasive device for monitoring cancer treatments. Moreover, the introduction of perfusion software has even more refined the technique since it is able to provide quantitative parameters related to blood flow and blood volume that can be associated with tumour response and clinical outcome such as the progression free survival and the overall survival. Here, we give an overview of the current status of CEUS in monitoring hepatocellular carcinoma response to different kind of treatments. | Davide Roccarina Matteo Garcovich Maria Elena Ainora Laura Riccardi Maurizio Pompili Antonio Gasbarrini Maria Assunta Zocco | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，14： | 3 |
| 7 | Elastography as a predictor of liver cirrhosis complications after hepatitis C virus eradication in the era of direct-acting antivirals显示文摘Chronic inflammation due to hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection leads to liver fibrosis and rearrangement of liver tissue,which is responsible for the development of portal hypertension(PH)and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).The advent of direct-acting antiviral drugs has revolutionized the natural history of HCV infection,providing an overall eradication rate of over 90%.Despite a significant decrease after sustained virological response(SVR),the rate of HCC and liver-related complications is not completely eliminated in patients with advanced liver disease.Although the reasons are still unclear,cirrhosis itself has a residual risk for the development of HCC and other PH-related complications.Ultrasound elastography is a recently developed non-invasive technique for the assessment of liver fibrosis.Following the achievement of SVR,liver stiffness(LS)usually decreases,as a consequence of reduced inflammation and,possibly,fibrosis.Recent studies emphasized the application of LS assessment in the management of patients with SVR in order to define the risk for developing the complications of chronic liver disease(functional decompensation,gastrointestinal bleeding,HCC)and to optimize long-term prognostic outcomes in clinical practice. | Lucia Cerrito Maria Elena Ainora Alberto Nicoletti Matteo Garcovich Laura Riccardi Maurizio Pompili Antonio Gasbarrini Maria Assunta Zocco | 2021 | World Journal of Hepatology2021，13，11： | 1 |
| 8 | Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are inversely associated with systemic in severe obese subjects 显示文摘 | BELLIA A GARCOVICH C D' ADAMO M | 2013 | Intern Emerg Med2013，8，1： | 1 |
| 9 | New insights into the pathophysiology of I BS:intestinal micro flora,gas production and gut motility 显示文摘 | GASBARRINI A LAURITANO EC GARCOVICH M | 2008 | Eur Rev Med Pharmaeol Sci2008，121，： | 1 |
| 10 | Early prediction of response to Sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: the role of dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound显示文摘 | Zocco Maria Assunta Garcovich Matteo Lupascu Andrea Di Stasio Enrico Roccarina Davide Annicchiarico Brigida Elenora Riccardi Laura Ainora Maria Elena Ponziani Francesca Caracciolo Gianluigi Rapaccini Gian Lodovico Landolfi Raffaele Siciliano Massimo Pompi | 2013 | Journal of Hepatology2013，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Incidence of umbilical vein catheter-associated thrombosis of the portal system: A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘BACKGROUND The use of umbilical venous catheters(UVCs)in the perinatal period may be associated with severe complications,including the occurrence of portal vein thrombosis(PVT).AIM To assess the incidence of UVC-related PVT in infants with postnatal age up to three months.METHODS A systematic and comprehensive database searching(PubMed,Cochrane Library,Scopus,Web of Science)was performed for studies from 1980 to 2020(the search was last updated on November 28,2020).We included in the final analyses all peer-reviewed prospective cohort studies,retrospective cohort studies and casecontrol studies.The reference lists of included articles were hand-searched to identify additional studies of interest.Studies were considered eligible when they included infants with postnatal age up to three months with UVC-associated PVT.Incidence estimates were pooled by using random effects meta-analyses.The quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.The systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis(PRISMA)guidelines.RESULTS Overall,16 studies were considered eligible and included in the final analyses.The data confirmed the relevant risk of UVC-related thrombosis.The mean pooled incidence of such condition was 12%,although it varied across studies(0%-49%).In 15/16 studies(94%),diagnosis of thrombosis was made accidentally during routine screening controls,whilst in 1/16 study(6%)targeted imaging assessments were carried out in neonates with clinical concerns for a thrombus.Tip position was investigated by abdominal ultrasound(US)alone in 1/16(6%)studies,by a combination of radiography and abdominal US in 14/16(88%)studies and by a combination of radiography,abdominal US and echocardiography in 1/16(6%)studies.CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge,this is the first systematic review specifically investigating the incidence of UVC-related PVT.The use of UVCs requires a high index of suspicion,because its use is significantly associated with PVT.Well-designed prospective studies are required to assess the optimal approach to prevent UVCrelated thrombosis of the portal system. | Iliana Bersani Fiammetta Piersigilli Giulia Iacona Immacolata Savarese Francesca Campi Andrea Dotta Cinzia Auriti Enrico Di Stasio Matteo Garcovich | 2021 | World Journal of Hepatology2021，13，11： | 1 |
| 12 | Primary prevention of variceal hemorrhage显示文摘 | Tsochatzis EA Triantos CK Garcovich M | 2011 | Curr Gastroenterol Rep2011，13，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Long-term of severe SAPHO sydrome with adalimumab: case report and a review of the literature显示文摘 | Garcovich S Amelia R Magarelli N | 2012 | Am J Clin Dermatol2012，13，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Transarterial embolization as neo‐adjuvant therapy pretransplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘 | Emmanuel Tsochatzis Matteo Garcovich Laura Marelli Vassilis Papastergiou Evangelia Fatourou Manuel L. Rodriguez‐Peralvarez Giacomo Germani Neil Davies Dominic Yu Tu Vinh Luong Amar P. Dhillon Douglas Thorburn David Patch James O’Beirne Tim Meyer Andrew K. | 2013 | Liver Int2013，，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Long-term of se?vere SAPHO syndrome with adalirnumab , case report and a review of the literature显示文摘 | Garcovich S Amelia R Magarelli N | 2012 | AmJ Clin Dermatol2012，3，： | 1 |
| 16 | Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are inversely associated with systemic inflammation in severe obese subjects显示文摘 | Alfonso Bellia Caterina Garcovich Monica D’Adamo Mauro Lombardo Manfredi Tesauro Giulia Donadel Paolo Gentileschi Davide Lauro Massimo Federici Renato Lauro Paolo Sbraccia | 2013 | Internal and Emergency Medicine2013，，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Evaluation of renalfunction in patients with cirrhosis显示文摘 | Cholongitas E Xirouchakis E Garcovich M | 2010 | J Hepatol2010，53，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Saccharomyces boulardii and antibiotic-associated diarrhea: effectiveness of prophylactic use 显示文摘 | Zocco M A Garcovich M Gasbarrini A | 2012 | Am dGastroenterol2012，107，9： | 1 |
| 19 | Reverse time-dependent effect of alphafetoprotein and disease control on survival of patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM To characterize the survival of cirrhotic patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC) stage C hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and to ascertain the factors predicting the achievement of disease control(DC).METHODS The cirrhotic patients with BCLC stage C HCC evaluated by the Hepatocatt multidisciplinary group were subjected to the investigation. Demographic, clinical and tumor features, along with the best tumor response and overall survival were recorded. RESULTS One hundred and ten BCLC stage C patients were included in the analysis; the median overall survival was 13.4 mo(95%CI: 10.6-17.0). Only alphafetoprotein(AFP) serum level > 200 ng/m L and DC could independently predict survival but in a time dependent manner, the former was significantly associated with increased risk of mortality within the first 6 mo of follow-up(HR = 5.073, 95%CI: 2.159-11.916, P = 0.0002), whereas the latter showed a protective effect against death after one year(HR = 0.110, 95%CI: 0.038-0.314, P < 0.0001). Only patients showing microvascular invasion and/or extrahepatic spread recorded lower chances of achieving DC(OR = 0.263, 95%CI: 0.111-0.622, P = 0.002).CONCLUSION The BCLC stage C HCC includes a wide heterogeneous group of cirrhotic patients suitable for potentially curative treatments. The reverse and time dependent effect of AFP serum level and DC on patients' survival confers them as useful predictive tools for treatment management and clinical decisions. | Francesca Romana Ponziani Irene Spinelli Emanuele Rinninella Lucia Cerrito Antonio Saviano Alfonso Wolfango Avolio Michele Basso Luca Miele Laura Riccardi Maria Assunta Zocco Brigida Eleonora Annicchiarico Matteo Garcovich Marco Biolato Giuseppe Marrone Anna Maria De Gaetano Roberto Iezzi Felice Giuliante Fabio Maria Vecchio Salvatore Agnes Giovanni Addolorato Massimo Siciliano Gian Lodovico Rapaccini Antonio Grieco Antonio Gasbarrini Maurizio Pompili | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，36： | 1 |
| 20 | Evaluation of renal function in patients with cirrhosis 显示文摘 | Cholongitas E Xirouchakis E Garcovich M | 2010 | Hepatology2010，53，3： | 1 |
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