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| 1 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as a risk factor for lung cancer显示文摘The association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and lung cancer has long been a subject of intense debate. The high prevalence of COPD in elderly smokers inevitably strengthens their coincidence. In addition to this contingent coincidence, recent studies have revealed a close association between the two diseases that is independent of the smoking history; that is, the existence of COPD is an independent risk factor for the development of lung cancer. Molecular-based evidence has been accumulating as a result of the efforts to explain the underlying mechanisms of this association. These mechanisms may include the following: the retention of airborne carcinogens followed by the activation of oncogenes and the suppression of tumor suppressor genes; the complex molecular mechanism associated with chronic inflammation in the distal airways of patients with COPD; the possible in-volvement of putative distal airway stem cells; and gel netic factors that are common to both COPD and lung cancer. The existence of COPD in patients with lung l cancer may potentially affect the process of diagnosis, surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and end-of-life care. The comprehensive management of COPD is extremely important for the appropriate treatment of lung cancer. Surgical resections with the aid of early interventions for COPD are often possible, even for patients with mild-to-moderate COPD. New challenges, such as lung cancer CT screening for individuals t at high risk, are now in the process of being implemented. Evaluating the risk of lung cancer in patients with COPD may be warranted in community-based lung cancer screening. | Yuichi Takiguchi Ikuo Sekine Shunichiro Iwasawa Ryota Kurimoto Koichiro Tatsumi | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，4： | 21 |
| 2 | Predictive findings forHelicobacter pylori-uninfected, -infected and -eradicated gastric mucosa: Validation study显示文摘AIM:To validate the usefulness of screening endoscopy findings for predictingHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection status. METHODS:H. pylori infection status was determined by histology, serology, and the urea breast test in 77 consecutive patients who underwent upper endoscopy. Based on the findings, patients were categorized as H. pylori -uninfected, -infected, or -eradicated cases. Using six photos of certain sites in the stomach per case, we determined the presence or absence of the following endoscopic findings:regular arrangement of collecting venules (RAC), linear erythema, hemorrhage, fundic gland polyp (FGP), atrophic change, rugal hyperplasia, edema, spotty erythema, exudate, xanthoma, and mottled patchy erythema (MPE). The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and inter-observer agreement (Kappa value) for these 11 endoscopic findings used in the determination of H. pylori infection status were calculated. RESULTS:Of the 77 patients [32 men and 45 women; mean age (SD), 39.7 (13.4) years] assessed, 28 were H. pylori uninfected, 28 were infected, and 21 were eradicated. DOR values were significantly high (< 0.05) for the following H. pylori cases:uninfected cases with RAC (11.5), linear erythema (24.5), hemorrhage (4.1), and FGP (34.5); for infected cases with atrophic change (8.67), rugal hyperplasia (15.8), edema (14.2), spotty erythema (11.5), and exudate (3.52); and for eradicated cases with atrophic change (32.4) and MPE (103.0). Kappa values were excellent for FGP (0.93), good for RAC (0.63), hemorrhage (0.79), atrophic change (0.74), and MPE (0.75), moderate for linear erythema (0.51), rugal hyperplasia (0.49), edema (0.58), spotty erythema (0.47), and exudate (0.46), and poor for xanthoma (0.19). CONCLUSION:The endoscopic findings of RAC, hemorrhage, FGP, atrophic change, and MPE will be useful for predicting H. pylori infection status. | Kazuhiro Watanabe Naoyoshi Nagata Ryo Nakashima Etsuko Furuhata Takuro Shimbo Masao Kobayakawa Toshiyuki Sakurai Koh Imbe Ryota Niikura Chizu Yokoi Junichi Akiyama Naomi Uemura | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，27： | 17 |
| 3 | Diagnostic efficacy of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for hepatocellular carcinoma and dysplastic nodule显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the relationship between the signal intensity of hepatobiliary phase images on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and histological grade.METHODS:Fifty-nine patients with 82 hepatocellular lesions were evaluated retrospectively.Hepatobiliary phase images on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI were classified into 3 groups:low,iso or high.Angiographyassisted computed tomography(CT)findings were also classified into 3 groups:CT during arterial portography,and CT hepatic arteriography:A:iso,iso or low;B:slightly low,iso or low;;and C:low,high.We correlated angiography-assisted CT,hepatobiliary phase findings during gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI and histological grades.Furthermore,correlations between MRI findings and histological grade for each hemodynamic pattern were performed.Correlations among radiologicaland pathological findings were statistically evaluated using the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test.RESULTS:There was a significant correlation between histological grade and hemodynamic pattern(P<0.05).There was a significant correlation between histological grade and signal intensity in the hepatobiliary phase(P<0.05)in group A lesions.There was no significant correlation between histological grade and signal intensity in the hepatobiliary phase in group B or C lesions(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Signal intensity in the hepatobiliary phase correlated with histological grade in the lesions that maintained portal blood flow,but did not correlate in lesions that showed decreased or defective portal blood flow. | Kazuhiro Saito Ryota Nishio Toru Saguchi Soichi Akata Koichi Tokuuye Fuminori Moriyasu Katsutoshi Sugimoto Junichi Taira Toshitaka Nagao | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，30： | 12 |
| 4 | Genomic characterization of esophageal squamous cellcarcinoma:insights from next-generation sequencing显示文摘Two major types of cancer occur in the esophagus: squamous cell carcinoma, which is associated with chronic smoking and alcohol consumption, and adenocarcinoma, which typically arises in gastric reflux-associated Barrett's esophagus. Although there is increasing incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma in Western counties, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) accounts for most esophageal malignancies in East Asia, including China and Japan. Technological advances allowing for massively parallel, high-throughput next-generation sequencing(NGS) of DNA have enabled comprehensive characterization of somatic mutations in large numbers of tumor samples. Recently, several studies were published in which whole exome or whole genome sequencing was performed in ESCC tumors and compared with matched normal DNA. Mutations were validated in several genes, including in TP53, CDKN2 A, FAT1, NOTCH1, PIK3 CA, KMT2 D and NFE2L2, which had been previously implicated in ESCC. Several new recurrent alterations have also been identified in ESCC. Combining the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with information obtained from NGS studies may lead to the development of effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for ESCC. As this research becomes more prominent, it is important that gastroenterologist become familiar with the various NGS technologies and the results generated using these methods. In the present study, we describe recent research approaches using NGS in ESCC. | Yasushi Sasaki Miyuki Tamura Ryota Koyama Takafumi Nakagaki Yasushi Adachi Takashi Tokino | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，7： | 10 |
| 5 | Clinical outcomes of ampullary neoplasms in resected margin positive or uncertain cases after endoscopic papillectomy显示文摘BACKGROUND Endoscopic papillectomy(EP) for benign ampullary neoplasms could be a lessinvasive alternative to pancreatoduodenectomy(PD). There are some problems and limitations with EP. The post-EP resection margins of ampullary tumors are often positive or uncertain because of the burning effect of EP. The clinical outcomes of resected margin positive or uncertain cases after EP remain unknown.AIM To investigate the clinical outcomes of resected margin positive or uncertain cases after EP.METHODS Between January 2007 and October 2018, all patients with ampullary tumors who underwent EP at Kobe University Hospital were included in this study. The indications for EP were as follows: adenoma, as determined by preoperative endoscopic biopsy, without bile/pancreatic duct extension, according to endoscopic ultrasound or intraductal ultrasound. The clinical outcomes of resected margin positive or uncertain cases after EP were retrospectively investigated.RESULTS Of the 45 patients, 29 were male, and 16 were female. The mean age of the patients was 65 years old. Forty-one patients(89.5%) underwent en bloc resection,and 4 patients(10.5%) underwent piecemeal resection. After EP, 33 tumors were histopathologically diagnosed as adenoma, and 12 were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma. The resected margins were positive or uncertain in 24 patients(53.3%). Of these cases, 15 and 9 were diagnosed as adenoma and adenocarcinoma, respectively. Follow-up observation was selected for all adenomas and 5 adenocarcinomas. In the remaining 4 adenocarcinoma cases,additional PD was performed. Additional PD was performed in 4 cases, and residual carcinoma was found after the additional PD in 1 of these cases. In the follow-up period, local tumor recurrence was detected in 3 cases. Two of these cases involved primary EP-diagnosed adenoma. The recurrent tumors were also adenomas detected by biopsy. The remaining case involved primary EPdiagnosed adenocarcinoma. The recurrent tumor was also an adenocarcinoma.All of the recurrent tumors were successfully treated with argon plasma coagulation(APC). There was no local or lymph node recurrence after the APC.The post-APC follow-up periods lasted for 57.1 to 133.8 mo. No ampullary tumor-related deaths occurred in all patients.CONCLUSION Resected margin positive or uncertain cases after EP could be managed by endoscopic treatment including APC, even in cases of adenocarcinoma. EP could become an effective less-invasive first-line treatment for early stage ampullary tumors. | Arata Sakai Masahiro Tsujimae Atsuhiro Masuda Takao Iemoto Shigeto Ashina Kohei Yamakawa Takeshi Tanaka Shunta Tanaka Yasutaka Yamada Ryota Nakano Yu Sato Manabu Kurosawa Takuya Ikegawa Seiji Fujigaki Takashi Kobayashi Hideyuki Shiomi Yoshifumi Arisaka Tomoo Itoh Yuzo Kodama | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，11： | 9 |
| 6 | 胆道肿瘤临床实践指南(英文第三版)显示文摘日本肝胆胰外科学会(JSHBPS)于2007年出版第一版胆道肿瘤(胆管癌、胆囊癌及壶腹癌)临床实践指南,于2014年更新第二版,2021年英文第三版胆道肿瘤临床实践指南围绕6个主题提出若干临床问题,基于相关循证医学证据并组织专家讨论后,最终确定推荐意见、推荐强度以及推荐说明。根据证据推荐分级的评估、制订与评价(GRADE)系统,推荐强度被分为1级(强)或者2级(弱)。英文第三版胆道肿瘤临床实践指南中提出的31个临床问题涵盖:(1)预防性治疗;(2)诊断;(3)胆道引流;(4)外科治疗;(5)化疗;(6)放疗。31个临床问题中,14个问题给予推荐强度为强的推荐意见,14个问题给予推荐强度为弱的推荐意见,剩余的3个问题未给予推荐意见。每条推荐意见都进行推荐强度说明。最新版指南基于循证医学证据,为临床提供了重要建议。未来与癌症登记数据库协作将是评估指南和建立新证据的关键。 | Masato Nagino Satoshi Hirano Hideyuki Yoshitomi Taku Aoki Katsuhiko Uesaka Michiaki Unno Tomoki Ebata Masaru Konishi Keiji Sano Kazuaki Shimada Hiroaki Shimizu Ryota Higuchi Toshifumi Wakai Hiroyuki Isayama Takuji Okusaka Toshio Tsuyuguchi Yoshiki Hirooka Junji Furuse Hiroyuki Maguchi Kojiro Suzuki Hideya Yamazaki Hiroshi Kijima Akio Yanagisawa Masahiro Yoshida Yukihiro Yokoyama Takashi Mizuno Itaru Endo 杨翼飞(译) 仇毓东(译) 赵梦珂(译) 伏旭(译) 蔡正华(译) 毛凉(审校) | 2021 | 中华消化外科杂志2021，20，4： | 7 |
| 7 | Experimental Evaluation of the Post-ultimate Strength Behavior of a Ship's Hull Girder in Waves显示文摘Experimental investigations into the collapse behavior of a box-shape hull girder subjected to extreme wave-induced loads are presented.The experiment was performed using a scaled model in a tank.In the middle of the scaled model,sacrificial specimens with circular pillar and trough shapes which respectively show different bending moment-displacement characteristics were mounted to compare the dynamic collapse characteristics of the hull girder in waves.The specimens were designed by using finite element(FE)-analysis.Prior to the tank tests,static four-point-bending tests were conducted to detect the load-carrying capacity of the hull girder.It was shown that the load-carrying capacity of a ship including reduction of the capacity after the ultimate strength can be reproduced experimentally by employing the trough type specimens.Tank tests using these specimens were performed under a focused wave in which the hull girder collapses under once and repetitive focused waves.It was shown from the multiple collapse tests that the increase rate of collapse becomes higher once the load-carrying capacity enters the reduction path while the increase rate is lower before reaching the ultimate strength. | Kazuhiro Iijima Ryota Wada Masahiko Fujikubo | 2012 | Journal of Marine Science and Application2012，11，1： | 6 |
| 8 | Feasibility of gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection with continuous low-dose aspirin for patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy显示文摘BACKGROUND Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) for gastric neoplasms during continuous low-dose aspirin(LDA) administration is generally acceptable according to recent guidelines. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the effect of continuous LDA on the postoperative bleeding after gastric ESD in patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy(DAPT).AIM To investigate the feasibility of gastric ESD with continuous LDA in patients with DAPT.METHODS A total of 597 patients with gastric neoplasms treated with ESD between January2010 and June 2017 were enrolled. The patients were categorized according to type of antiplatelet therapy(APT).RESULTS The postoperative bleeding rate was 6.9%(41/597) in all patients. Patients were divided into the following two groups: no APT(n = 443) and APT(n = 154). APT included single-LDA(n = 95) and DAPT(LDA plus clopidogrel, n = 59)subgroups. In the single-LDA and DAPT subgroups, 56 and 39 patients were received continuous LDA, respectively. The bleeding rate with continuous singleLDA(10.7%) was similar to that with discontinuous single-LDA(10.3%)(P >0.99). Although the bleeding rate with continuous LDA in patients receiving DAPT(23.1%) was higher than that with discontinuous LDA in patients receiving DAPT(5.0%), no significant difference was observed(P = 0.141).CONCLUSION The bleeding rate with continuous LDA in patients receiving DAPT was not statistically different from that with discontinuous LDA in patients receiving DAPT. Therefore, continuous LDA administration may be acceptable for ESD in patients receiving DAPT, although patients should be carefully monitored for possible bleeding. | Hideaki Harada Satoshi Suehiro Daisuke Murakami Ryotaro Nakahara Takuya Nagasaka Tetsuro Ujihara Ryota Sagami Yasushi Katsuyama Kenji Hayasaka Yuji Amano | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，4： | 6 |
| 9 | A novel negative regulatory mechanism of Smurf2 in BMP/Smad signaling in bone显示文摘Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)and bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)play important roles in bone metabolism.Smad ubiquitination regulatory factors(Smurfs)regulate TGF-β/BMP signaling via ubiquitination,resulting in degradation of signaling molecules to prevent excessive activation of TGF-β/BMP signaling.Though Smurf2 has been shown to negatively regulate TGF-β/Smad signaling,its involvement in BMP/Smad signaling in bone metabolism has not been thoroughly investigated.In the present study,we sought to evaluate the role of Smurf2 in BMP/Smad signaling in bone metabolism.Absorbable collagen sponges containing 3μg of recombinant human BMP2(rhBMP2)were implanted in the dorsal muscle pouches of wild type(WT)and Smurf2−/−mice.The rhBMP2-induced ectopic bone in Smurf2−/−mice showed greater bone mass,higher mineral apposition and bone formation rates,and greater osteoblast numbers than the ectopic bone in WT mice.In WT mice,the ectopic bone consisted of a thin discontinuous outer cortical shell and scant inner trabecular bone.In contrast,in Smurf2−/−mice,the induced bone consisted of a thick,continuous outer cortical shell and abundant inner trabecular bone.Additionally,rhBMP2-stimulated bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs)from Smurf2−/−mice showed increased osteogenic differentiation.Smurf2 induced the ubiquitination of Smad1/5.BMP/Smad signaling was enhanced in Smurf2−/−BMSCs stimulated with rhBMP2,and the inhibition of BMP/Smad signaling suppressed osteogenic differentiation of these BMSCs.These findings demonstrate that Smurf2 negatively regulates BMP/Smad signaling,thereby identifying a new regulatory mechanism in bone metabolism. | Junichi Kushioka Takashi Kaito Rintaro Okada Hiroyuki Ishiguro Zeynep Bal Joe Kodama Ryota Chijimatsu Melanie Pye Masahiro Narimatsu Jeffrey LWrana Yasumichi Inoue Hiroko Ninomiya Shin Yamamoto Takashi Saitou Hideki Yoshikawa Takeshi Imamura | 2020 | Bone Research2020，8，4： | 6 |
| 10 | Groundwater monitoring of an open-pit limestone quarry:Water-rock interaction and mixing estimation within the rock layers by geochemical and statistical analyses显示文摘Water-rock interaction and groundwater mixing are important phenomena in understanding hydrogeological systems and the stability of rock slopes especially those consisting largely of moderately watersoluble minerals like calcite. In this study, the hydrogeological and geochemical evolutions of groundwater in a limestone quarry composed of three strata: limestone layer(covering), interbedded layer under the covering layer, and slaty greenstone layer(basement) were investigated. Water-rock interaction in the open-pit limestone quarry was evaluated using PHREEQC, while hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA)and principal component analysis(PCA) were used to classify and identify water sources responsible for possible groundwater mixing within rock layers. In addition, Geochemist's Workbench was applied to estimate the mixing fractions to clarify sensitive zones that may affect rock slope stability. The results showed that the changes in Ca2+and HCO3àconcentrations of several groundwater samples along the interbedded layer could be attributed to mixing groundwater from the limestone layer and that from slaty greenstone layer. Based on the HCA and PCA results, groundwaters were classified into several types depending on their origin:(1) groundwater from the limestone layer(LO),(2) mixed groundwater flowing along the interbedded layer(e.g., groundwater samples L-7, L-11, S-3 and S-4), and(3) groundwater originating from the slaty greenstone layer(SO). The mixing fractions of 41% LO: 59% SO, 64% LO: 36% SO, 43%LO: 57% SOand 25% LO: 75% SOon the normal days corresponded to groundwaters L-7, L-11, S-3 and S-4,respectively, while the mixing fractions of groundwaters L-7 and L-11(61% LO: 39% SOand 93% LO: 7% SO,respectively) on rainy days became the majority of groundwater originating from the limestone layer.These indicate that groundwater along the interbedded layer significantly affected the stability of rock slopes by enlarging multi-breaking zones in the layer through calcite dissolution and inducing high water pressure, tension cracks and potential sliding plane along this layer particularly during intense rainfall episodes. | Khy Eam Eang Toshifumi Igarashi Megumi Kondo Tsurugi Nakatani Carlito Baltazar Tabelin Ryota Fujinaga | 2018 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2018，28，6： | 6 |
| 11 | Assessment of disease progression in patients with transfusion-associated chronic hepatitis C using transient elastography显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the relationship between liver stiffness and duration of infection in blood transfusion-associated hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients with or without hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS:Between December 2006 and June 2008,a total of 524 transfusion-associated HCV-RNA positive patients with or without HCC were enrolled.Liver stiffness was obtained noninvasively by using Fibroscan (Echosens,Paris,France).The date of blood transfusion was obtained by interview.Duration of infection was derived from the interval between the date of bloodtransfusion and the date of liver stiffness measurement (LSM).Patients were stratified into four groups based on the duration of infection (17-29 years;30-39 years;40-49 years;and 50-70 years).The difference in liver stiffness between patients with and without HCC was assessed in each group.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with liver stiffness.RESULTS:A total of 524 patients underwent LSM.Eight patients were excluded because of unsuccessful measurements.Thus 516 patients were included in the current analysis (225 with HCC and 291 without).The patients were 244 men and 272 women,with a mean age of 67.8 ± 9.5 years.The median liver stiffness was 14.3 kPa (25.8 in HCC group and 7.6 in nonHCC group).The patients who developed HCC in short duration of infection were male dominant,having lower platelet count,with a history of heavier alcohol consumption,showing higher liver stiffness,and receiving blood transfusion at an old age.Liver stiffness was positively correlated with duration of infection in patients without HCC (r=0.132,P=0.024) but not in patients with HCC (r=-0.103,P=0.123).Liver stiffness was significantly higher in patients with HCC than in those without in each duration group (P < 0.0001).The factors significantly associated with high liver stiffness in multiple regression were age at blood transfusion (P < 0.0001),duration of infection (P=0.0015),and heavy alcohol consumption (P=0.043) CONCLUSION:Although liver stiffness gradually increases over time,HCC develops in patients with high stiffness value regardless of the duration of infection. | Ryota Masuzaki Ryosuke Tateishi Haruhiko Yoshida Toru Arano Koji Uchino Kenichiro Enooku Eriko Goto Hayato Nakagawa Yoshinari Asaoka Yuji Kondo Tadashi Goto Hitoshi Ikeda Shuichiro Shiina Masao Omata Kazuhiko Koike | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，12： | 4 |
| 12 | Risk factors for small bowel angioectasia:The impact of visceral fat accumulation显示文摘AIM: To investigate visceral fat accumulation in association with the risk of small bowel angioectasia.METHODS: We retrospectively investigated 198 consecutive patients who underwent both capsule endoscopy and CT for investigation of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding(OGIB) from January 2009 to September 2013. The visceral fat area(VFA) and subcutaneous fat area were measured by CT, and information on comorbidities, body mass index, and medications was obtained from their medical records.Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate associations.RESULTS: Capsule endoscopy revealed small bowel angioectasia in 18/198(9.1%) patients with OGIB.Compared to patients without small bowel angioectasia,those with small bowel angioectasia had a significantly higher VFA(96 ± 76.0 cm2 vs 63.4 ±51.5 cm2, P = 0.016) and a higher prevalence of liver cirrhosis(61% vs 22%, P < 0.001). The proportion of patients with chronic renal failure was higher in patients with small bowel angioectasia(22% vs 9%,P = 0.11). There were no significant differences in subcutaneous fat area or waist circumference. The prevalence of small bowel angioectasia progressively increased according to the VFA. Multivariate analysis showed that the VFA [odd ratio(OR) for each 10-cm2 increment = 1.1; [95% confidence interval(CI):1.02-1.19; P = 0.021] and liver cirrhosis(OR = 6.1,95%CI: 2.2-18.5; P < 0.001) were significant risk factors for small bowel angioectasia.CONCLUSION: VFA is positively associated with theprevalence of small bowel angioectasia, for which VFA and liver cirrhosis are independent risk factors in patients with OGIB. | Atsuo Yamada Ryota Niikura Yuka Kobayashi Hirobumi Suzuki Shuntaro Yoshida Hirotsugu Watabe Yutaka Yamaji Yoshihiro Hirata Kazuhiko Koike | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，23： | 4 |
| 13 | Safety and efficacy of lamivudine after radiofrequency ablation in patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘 | Hideo Yoshida Haruhiko Yoshida Eriko Goto Takahisa Sato Takamasa Ohki Ryota Masuzaki Ryosuke Tateishi Tadashi Goto Shuichiro Shiina Takao Kawabe Masao Omata | 2008 | Hepatology International2008，，1： | 3 |
| 14 | Efficacy of long-term rifaximin treatment for hepatic encephalopathy in the Japanese显示文摘BACKGROUND Hepatic encephalopathy(HE)is a complication of liver cirrhosis and can result in neuropsychological and neuromuscular dysfunctions in patients.Rifaximin,an antibiotic,has been reported to decrease the occurrence of overt HE and also improve cognitive function in studies from Europe and the United States of America.There is not enough evidence of the relationship between the long-term use of rifaximin and its clinical effects in the Japanese.AIM To determine the clinical effects of long-term rifaximin therapy in decompensated liver cirrhosis patients,with overt HE or hyperammonemia.METHODS In this single-center retrospective observational cohort study,we reviewed the data of 38 patients who had taken rifaximin at the dose of 1200 mg/d for more than 24 wk.The primary outcome measured was the efficacy of long-term rifaximin use,and secondary outcome measured was the safety of its long-term use as determined by its influence on portosystemic shunts as well as Escherichia coli-related infections.Moreover,we compared the prognosis between the rifaximin group and control cases,matched for hepatic elasticity assessed by magnetic resonance ela-stography,age,and Child-Pugh classification.RESULTS Of the 38 patients included in the study,12(31.6%)had overt HE,27(71.1%)had complications of esophageal varices,and 9(23.7%)had hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).The control group was matched for age,Child-Pugh classification,liver stiffness,and presence of HCC.The median of serum ammonia level before treatment was 104μg/dL(59-297),and 2 wk after treatment,it significantly decreased to 85μg/dL(34-153)(P=0.002).A significantly low value of 80.5μg/dL(44-150)was maintained 24 wk after treatment.The long-term use of rifaximin did not cause a decline in liver function.Diarrhea occurred in 2 patients,who improved with the administration of probiotics,and there were no cases of aborted rifaximin therapy owing to adverse events.In patients with Child C,the survival was short,but there was no significant difference compared with that of the control group.CONCLUSION Rifaximin therapy improves overt HE.The long-term use of rifaximin in the Japanese is effective and safe. | Shinya Nishida Koichi Hamada Noriyuki Nishino Daizo Fukushima Ryota Koyanagi Yoshinori Horikawa Yoshiki Shiwa Satoshi Saitoh | 2019 | World Journal of Hepatology2019，11，6： | 3 |
| 15 | Hepatic reconstruction from fetal porcine liver cells using a radial flow bioreactor显示文摘AIM: To examine the efficacy of the radial flow bioreactor (RFB) as an extracorporeal bioartificial liver (BAL) and the reconstruction of liver organoids using embryonic pig liver cells. METHODS: We reconstructed the liver organoids using embryonic porcine liver cells in the RFB. We also determined the gestational time window for the optimum growth of embryonic porcine liver cells. Five weeks of gestation was designated as embryonic day (E) 35 and 8 wk of gestation was designated as E56. These cells were cultured for one week before morphological and functional examinations. Moreover, the efficacy of pulsed administration of a high concentration hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was examined. RESULTS: Both cell growth and function were excellent after harvesting on E35. The pulsed administration of a high concentration of HGF promoted the differentiation and maturation of these fetal hepatic cells. Microscopic examination of organoids in the RFB revealed palisading and showed that bile duct-like structures were well developed, indicating that the organoids were mini livers. Transmission electron microscopy revealed microvilli on the luminal surfaces of bile duct-like structures and junctional complexes, which form the basis of the cytoskeleton of epithelial tissues. Furthermore, strong expression of connexin (Cx) 32, which is the main protein of hepatocyte gap junctions, was observed. With respect to liver function, ammonia detoxification and urea synthesis were shown to be performed effectively. CONCLUSION: Our system can potentially be applied in the fields of BAL and transplantation medicine. | Yuji Ishii Ryota Saito Hideki Marushima Ryusuke Ito Taro Sakamoto Katsuhiko Yanaga | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，17： | 3 |
| 16 | An antioxidant resveratrol significantly enhanced replication of hepatitis C virus显示文摘AIM:To elucidate the effect of antioxidants,resveratrol (RVT)and astaxanthin(AXN),on hepatitis C virus(HCV) replication. METHODS:We investigated the effect of recent popular antioxidant supplements on replication of the HCV replicon system OR6.RVT is a strong antioxidant and a kind of polyphenol that inhibits replication of various viruses.AXN is also a strong antioxidant.The replication of HCV RNA was assessed by the luciferase reporter assay.An additive effect of antioxidants on antiviral effects of interferon(IFN)and ribavirin(RBV) was investigated.RESULTS:This is the first report to investigate the effect of RVT and AXN on HCV replication.In contrast to other reported viruses,RVT significantly enhanced HCV RNA replication.Vitamin E also enhanced HCV RNA replication as reported previously,although AXN didnot affect replication.IFN and RBV significantly reduced HCV RNA replication,but these effects were dose-dependently hampered and attenuated by the addition of RVT.AXN didnot affect antiviral effects of IFN or RBV. CONCLUSION:These results suggested that RVT is not suitable as an antioxidant therapy for chronic hepatitis C. | Mitsuyasu Nakamura Masanori Ikeda Ryota Hokari Nobuyuki Kato Toshifumi Hibi Soichiro Miura | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，2： | 3 |
| 17 | Micromolar sodium fluoride mediates anti-osteoclastogenesis in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced alveolar bone loss显示文摘Osteoclasts are bone-specific multinucleated cells generated by the differentiation of monocyte/macrophage lineage precursors.Regulation of osteoclast differentiation is considered an effective therapeutic approach to the treatment of bone-lytic diseases.Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by extensive bone resorption. In this study, we investigated the effects of sodium fluoride(Na F) on osteoclastogenesis induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis, an important colonizer of the oral cavity that has been implicated in periodontitis. Na F strongly inhibited the P. gingivalis-induced alveolar bone loss. That effect was accompanied by decreased levels of cathepsin K, interleukin(IL)-1β, matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase,which were up-regulated during P. gingivalis-induced osteoclastogenesis. Consistent with the in vivo anti-osteoclastogenic effect,Na F inhibited osteoclast formation caused by the differentiation factor RANKL(receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand)and macrophage colony-stimulating factor(M-CSF). The RANKL-stimulated induction of the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells(NFAT) c1 was also abrogated by Na F. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Na F inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by reducing the induction of NFATc1, ultimately leading to the suppressed expression of cathepsin K and MMP9.The in vivo effect of Na F on the inhibition of P. gingivalis-induced osteoclastogenesis strengthens the potential usefulness of Na F for treating periodontal diseases. | Ujjal K Bhawal Hye-Jin Lee Kazumune Arikawa Michiharu Shimosaka Masatoshi Suzuki Toshizo Toyama Takenori Sato Ryota Kawamata Chieko Taguchi Nobushiro Hamada Ikuo Nasu Hirohisa Arakawa Koh Shibutani | 2015 | International Journal of Oral Science2015，7，4： | 3 |
| 18 | A High-Cholesterol Diet Exacerbates Liver Fibrosis in Mice via Accumulation of Free Cholesterol in Hepatic Stellate Cells显示文摘 | Toshiaki Teratani Kengo Tomita Takahiro Suzuki Tetsuya Oshikawa Hirokazu Yokoyama Katsuyoshi Shimamura Susumu Tominaga Sadayuki Hiroi Rie Irie Yoshikiyo Okada Chie Kurihara Hirotoshi Ebinuma Hidetsugu Saito Ryota Hokari Kazuo Sugiyama Takanori Kanai Soich | 2012 | Gastroenterology2012，，1： | 2 |
| 19 | Prognostic relevance of KRAS and BRAF mutations in Japanese patients with colorectal cancer显示文摘 | Ryota Nakanishi Jun Harada Munkhbold Tuul Yan Zhao Koji Ando Hiroshi Saeki Eiji Oki Takefumi Ohga Hiroyuki Kitao Yoshihiro Kakeji Yoshihiko Maehara | 2013 | International Journal of Clinical Oncology2013，，6： | 2 |
| 20 | Influence of deflection angles on flow behaviours in openchannel bends显示文摘The deflection angle of a river bend plays an important role on behaviours of the flow within it, and a clear understanding of the angle's influence is significant in both theoretical study and engineering application. This paper presents a systematic numerical investigation on effects of deflection angles(30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, and 180°) on flow phenomena and their evolution in open-channel bends using a Re-Normalization Group(RNG) κ-ε model and a volume of fluid(VOF) method. The numerical results indicate that the deflection angle is a key factor for flows in bends. It is shown that the maximum transverse slope of water surface occurs at the middle cross section of a bend, and it increases with the deflection angle. Besides a major vortex, or, the primary circulation cell near the channel bottom, a secondary vortex, or, an outer bank cell, may also appear above the former and near the outer bank when the deflection angle is sufficiently large, and it will gradually migrate towards the inner bank and evolve into an inner bank cell. The strength of the secondary circulations increases with the deflection angle. The simulation demonstrates that there is alow-stress zone on the bed near the outer bank and a high-stress zone on the bed near the inner bank, and both of them increase in size with the deflection angle. The maximum of shear stress on the inner bank increases nonlinearly with the angle, and its maximums on the outer bank and on the bed take place when the deflection angle becomes 120°. | LI Bing-dong ZHANG Xin-hua TANG Han-song TSUBAKI Ryota | 2018 | Journal of Mountain Science2018，15，10： | 2 |
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