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| 1 | An Analysis of Historical and Future Temperature Fluctuations over China Based on CMIP5 Simulations显示文摘The trends and fluctuations of observed and CMIP5-simulated yearly mean surface air temperature over China were analyzed. In general, the historical simulations replicate the observed increase of temperature, but the multi-model ensemble(MME) mean does not accurately reproduce the drastic interannual fluctuations. The correlation coefficient of the MME mean with the observations over all runs and all models was 0.77, which was larger than the largest value(0.65) from any single model ensemble. The results showed that winter temperatures are increasing at a higher rate than summer temperatures, and that winter temperatures exhibit stronger interannual variations. It was also found that the models underestimate the differences between winter and summer rates. The ensemble empirical mode decomposition technique was used to obtain six intrinsic mode functions(IMFs) for the modeled temperature and observations. The periods of the first two IMFs of the MME mean were 3.2 and 7.2, which represented the cycle of 2–7-yr oscillations. The periods of the third and fourth IMFs were 14.7 and 35.2, which reflected a multi-decadal oscillation of climate change. The corresponding periods of the first four IMFs were 2.69, 7.24, 16.15 and 52.5 in the observed data. The models overestimate the period of low frequency oscillation of temperature, but underestimate the period of high frequency variation. The warming rates from different representative concentration pathways(RCPs) were calculated, and the results showed that the temperature will increase by approximately 0.9℃, 2.4℃, 3.2℃ and 6.1℃ in the next century under the RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively. | LIU Yonghe FENG Jinming MA Zhuguo | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，2： | 15 |
| 2 | A novel colloidal gold immunochromatography assay strip for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica in domestic animals显示文摘Background:Schistosomiasis remains a major public health concern in China and an epidemiological survey has revealed that schistosome-infected bovines and goats are the main transmission sources for the disease.Therefore,development of a sensitive technique for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis in domestic animals is necessary.Method:A novel colloidal gold immunochromatography assay(GICA)strip was developed for detecting Schistosoma japonicum in domestic animals.The colloidal gold was conjugated with recombinant streptococcal protein G(rSPG).As the test and control lines,the schistosome soluble egg antigen and rSPG,respectively,were blotted on nitrocellulose membrane.Results:The lowest detectable serum dilution was 1∶640 for schistosome-infected buffaloes.The cross-reaction rate of GICA was 14.29%with Paramphistomum sp.in buffaloes,16.67%with Haemonchus sp.in goats,and 33.33%with Orientobilharzia sp.in goats.These results were slightly lower and similar to those obtained through ELISA.Moreover,the strips for detecting S.japonicum in mice,rabbits,buffaloes,and goats showed high sensitivity(100.00%,100.00%,100.00%,and 100.00%,respectively)and specificity(100.00%,100.00%,94.23%,and 88.64%,respectively).And the sensitivity or specificity of the GICA strips did not present any significant differences after storage for 12 months at room temperature.When compared with ELISA,the GICA strips exhibited similar sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of schistosomiasis in mice,rabbits,buffaloes,and goats.Besides,only 5μl of serum are required for the test and the detection can be completed within 5 min.Conclusion:This study is the first to develop a GICA strip using gold-rSPG conjugate for the diagnosing of schistosomiasis in domestic animals,and preliminary results showed that the developed strip may be suitable for large-scale screening of schistosomiasis in endemic areas. | Rui Xu Jintao Feng Yang Hong Chao Lv Dengyun Zhao Jiaojiao Lin Ke Lu Hao Li Jinming Liu Xiaodan Cao Tao Wang Jinli Zai Zhaozhe Wang Bingguang Jia Qian Han Chuangang Zhu | 2017 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2017，6，1： | 12 |
| 3 | Impact of Anthropogenic Heat Release on Regional Climate in Three Vast Urban Agglomerations in China显示文摘We simulated the impact of anthropogenic heat release(AHR) on the regional climate in three vast city agglomerations in China using the Weather Research and Forecasting model with nested high-resolution modeling. Based on energy consumption and high-quality land use data, we designed two scenarios to represent no-AHR and current-AHR conditions. By comparing the results of the two numerical experiments, changes of surface air temperature and precipitation due to AHR were quantified and analyzed. We concluded that AHR increases the temperature in these urbanized areas by about 0.5℃– 1℃, and this increase is more pronounced in winter than in other seasons. The inclusion of AHR enhances the convergence of water vapor over urbanized areas. Together with the warming of the lower troposphere and the enhancement of ascending motions caused by AHR, the average convective available potential energy in urbanized areas is increased. Rainfall amounts in summer over urbanized areas are likely to increase and regional precipitation patterns to be altered to some extent. | FENG Jinming WANG Jun YAN Zhongwei | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，2： | 11 |
| 4 | Analyses of Extreme Climate Events over China Based on CMIP5 Historical and Future Simulations显示文摘Based on observations and 12 simulations from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5(CMIP5) models, climatic extremes and their changes over China in the past and under the future scenarios of three Representative Concentration Pathways(RCPs) are analyzed. In observations, frost days(FD) and low-temperature threshold days(TN10P) show a decreasing trend, and summer days(SU), high-temperature threshold days(TX90P), heavy precipitation days(R20), and the contribution of heavy precipitation days(P95T) show an increasing trend. Most models are able to simulate the main characteristics of most extreme indices. In particular, the mean FD and TX90 P are reproduced the best, and the basic trends of FD, TN10 P, SU and TX90 P are represented. For the FD and SU indexes, most models show good ability in capturing the spatial differences between the mean state of the periods 1986–2005 and 1961–80; however, for other indices, the simulation abilities for spatial disparity are less satisfactory and need to be improved. Under the high emissions scenario of RCP8.5,the century-scale linear changes of the multi-model ensemble(MME) for FD, SU, TN10 P, TX90 P, R20 and P95 T are-46.9,46.0,-27.1, 175.4, and 2.9 days, and 9.9%, respectively; and the spatial change scope for each index is consistent with the emissions intensity. Due to the complexities of physical process parameterizations and the limitation of forcing data, great uncertainty still exists with respect to the simulation of climatic extremes. | YANG Shili FENG Jinming DONG Wenjie CHOU Jieming | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，5： | 10 |
| 5 | A Brief Introduction to BNU-HESM1.0 and Its Earth Surface Temperature Simulations显示文摘Integrated assessment models and coupled earth system models both have their limitations in understanding the interactions between human activity and the physical earth system. In this paper,a new human–earth system model,BNUHESM1.0,constructed by combining the economic and climate damage components of the Dynamic Integrated Model of Climate Change and Economy to the BNU-ESM model,is introduced. The ability of BNU-HESM1.0 in simulating the global CO2 concentration and surface temperature is also evaluated. We find that,compared to observation,BNU-HESM1.0underestimates the global CO2 concentration and its rising trend during 1965–2005,due to the uncertainty in the economic components. However,the surface temperature simulated by BNU-HESM1.0 is much closer to observation,resulting from the overestimates of surface temperature by the original BNU-ESM model. The uncertainty of BNU-ESM falls within the range of present earth system uncertainty,so it is the economic and climate damage component of BNU-HESM1.0 that needs to be improved through further study. However,the main purpose of this paper is to introduce a new approach to investigate the complex relationship between human activity and the earth system. It is hoped that it will inspire further ideas that prove valuable in guiding human activities appropriate for a sustainable future climate. | YANG Shili DONG Wenjie CHOU Jieming FENG Jinming YAN Xiaodong WEI Zhigang YUAN Wenping GUO Yan TANG Yanli HU Jiacong | 2015 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2015，32，12： | 8 |
| 6 | Global warming projections using the human–earth system model BNU-HESM1.0显示文摘Future climate change is usually projected by coupled earth system models under specific emission scenarios designed by integrated assessment models(IAMs),and this offline approach means there is no interaction between the coupled earth system models and the IAMs.This paper introduces a new method to design possible future emission scenarios and corresponding climate change, in which a simple economic and climate damage component is added to the coupled earth system model of Beijing Normal University(BNU-ESM). With the growth of population and technological expertise and the declining emission-to-output ratio described in the Dynamic Integrated Climate-Economy model, the projected carbon emission is 13.7 Gt C, resulting in a 2.4 °C warming by the end of the twenty-first century(2080–2099) compared with1980–1999. This paper also suggests the importance of the land and ocean carbon cycle in determining the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. It is hoped that in the near future the next generation of coupled earth system models that include both the natural system and the social dimension will be developed. | Shili Yang Wenjie Dong Jieming Chou Jinming Feng Zhigang Wei Yan Guo Xiaohang Wen Ting Wei Di Tian Xian Zhu Zhiyong Yang | 2016 | Science Bulletin2016，61，23： | 7 |
| 7 | 中国1960-2016年风能资源的时空分布特征显示文摘基于462个气象观测站1960–2016年共57年的近地面风速日资料,利用克里格空间内插,最小二乘法,相关系数检验和经验正交函数分解(EOF)等方法分析了年均和各个季节中国区域风速及有效风能密度的时空变化特征。研究结果表明:在中国北部和部分沿海地区年平均风速在3 m s-1以上,有效风能密度在75 W m-2以上,而在中国南部地区平均风速和有效风能密度均较小。近五十多年以来,中国区域年均和季节平均风速呈明显下降趋势,北部地区春季递减率最大,沿海地区冬季递减率最大。广东部分地区年平均风速有增大的趋势,西南,华南和华中西部地区年平均风速变化不大。平均风速大的区域,递减率也大。年平均风速和年有效风能密度的主要空间分布模态表现出高度的一致性,均呈现逐年减小趋势。中国风速及风能资源的减小趋势,主要与全球变暖及土地利用变化有关。 | FENG Yucheng QUE Linjing FENG Jinming | 2020 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2020，13，2： | 5 |
| 8 | Mesenchymal stem cell treatment improves outcome of COVID-19 patients via multiple immunomodulatory mechanisms显示文摘The infusion of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients with mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)potentially improves clinical symptoms,but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.We conducted a randomized,single-blind,placebo-controlled(29 patients/group)phase II clinical trial to validate previous findings and explore the potential mechanisms.Patients treated with umbilical cord-derived MSCs exhibited a shorter hospital stay(P=0.0198)and less time required for symptoms remission(P=0.0194)than those who received placebo.Based on chest images,both severe and critical patients treated with MSCs showed improvement by day 7(P=0.0099)and day 21(P=0.0084).MSC-treated patients had fewer adverse events.MSC infusion reduced the levels of C-reactive protein,proinflammatory cytokines,and neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)and promoted the maintenance of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies.To explore how MSCs modulate the immune system,we employed single-cell RNA sequencing analysis on peripheral blood.Our analysis identified a novel subpopulation of VNN2+hematopoietic stem/progenitorlike(HSPC-like)cells expressing CSF3R and PTPRE that were mobilized following MSC infusion.Genes encoding chemotaxis factors—CX3CR1 and L-selectin—were upregulated in various immune cells.MSC treatment also regulated B cell subsets and increased the expression of costimulatory CD28 in T cells in vivo and in vitro.In addition,an in vivo mouse study confirmed that MSCs suppressed NET release and reduced venous thrombosis by upregulating kindlin-3 signaling.Together,our results underscore the role of MSCs in improving COVID-19 patient outcomes via maintenance of immune homeostasis. | Rongjia Zhu Tingdong Yan Yingmei Feng Yan Liu Hongcui Cao Gongxin Peng Yanlei Yang Zhen Xu Jingqi Liu Wei Hou Xiaoyue Wang Zhe Li Luchan Deng Shihua Wang Jing Li Qin Han Hongling Li Guangliang Shan Yinghao Cao Xingyan An Jianshe Yan Zhonghui Zhang Huafei Li Xuebin Qu Jiaqi Zhu Shumin Zhou Jiao Wang Fengchun Zhang Jinming Gao Ronghua Jin Dayong Xu Yan-Qing Ma Tao Huang Shuang Peng Zhi Zheng Ilia Stambler Eric Gilson Lee Wei Lim Alexey Moskalev Antonio Cano Sasanka Chakrabarti Brun Ulfhake Huanxing Su Haoying Xu Sihuan Xu Feng Wei Holly MBrown-Borg Kyung-Jin Min Georgina Ellison-Hughes Calogero Caruso Kunlin Jin Robert Chunhua Zhao | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，12： | 5 |
| 9 | CMIP5/AMIP GCM Simulations of East Asian Summer Monsoon显示文摘The East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) is a distinctive component of the Asian climate system and critically influences the economy and society of the region. To understand the ability of AGCMs in capturing the major features of EASM, 10 models that participated in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project/Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP5/AMIP), which used observational SST and sea ice to drive AGCMs during the period 1979–2008, were evaluated by comparing with observations and AMIP II simulations. The results indicated that the multi-model ensemble(MME) of CMIP5/AMIP captures the main characteristics of precipitation and monsoon circulation, and shows the best skill in EASM simulation, better than the AMIP II MME. As for the Meiyu/Changma/Baiyu rainbelt, the intensity of rainfall is underestimated in all the models. The biases are caused by a weak western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH) and accompanying eastward southwesterly winds in group I models, and by a too strong and west-extended WPSH as well as westerly winds in group II models. Considerable systematic errors exist in the simulated seasonal migration of rainfall, and the notable northward jumps and rainfall persistence remain a challenge for all the models. However, the CMIP5/AMIP MME is skillful in simulating the western North Pacific monsoon index(WNPMI). | FENG Jinming WEI Ting DONG Wenjie WU Qizhong WANG Yongli | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，4： | 4 |
| 10 | Climatology of Cloud-base Height from Long-term Radiosonde Measurements in China显示文摘Clouds are critical to the global radiation budget and hydrological cycle, but knowledge is still poor concerning the observed climatology of cloud-base height(CBH) in China. Based on fine-resolution sounding observations from the China Radiosonde Network(CRN), the method used to estimate CBH was modified, and uncertainty analyses indicated that the CBH is good enough. The accuracy of CBH estimation is verified by the comparison between the sounding-derived CBHs and those estimated from the micro-pulse lidar and millimeter-wave cloud radar. As such, the CBH climatology was compiled for the period 2006–16. Overall, the CBH exhibits large geographic variability across China, at both 0800 Local Standard Time(LST) and 2000 LST, irrespective of season. In addition, the summertime cloud base tends to be elevated to higher altitudes in dry regions [i.e., Inner Mongolia and the North China Plain(NCP)]. By comparison, the Tibetan Plateau(TP),Pearl River Delta(PRD) and Sichuan Basin(SCB) have relatively low CBHs(< 2.4 km above ground level). In terms of seasonality, the CBH reaches its maximum in summer and minimum in winter. A low cloud base tends to occur frequently(> 70%) over the TP, PRD and SCB. In contrast, at most sites over the Yangtze River Delta(YRD) and the NCP, about half the cloud belongs to the high-cloud category. The CBH does not exhibit marked diurnal variation in summer, throughout all CRN sites, probably due to the persistent cloud coverage caused by the East Asia Summer Monsson. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first CBH climatology produced from sounding measurements in China, and provides a useful reference for obtaining observational cloud base information. | Yong ZHANG Lejian ZHANG Jianping GUO Jinming FENG Lijuan CAO Yang WANG Qing ZHOU Liangxu LI Bai LI Hui XU Lin LIU Ning AN Huan LIU | 2018 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2018，35，2： | 2 |
| 11 | Effects of high modes on the wind-induced response of super high-rise buildings显示文摘For super high-rise buildings,the vibration period of the basic mode is several seconds,and it is very close to the period of the fluctuating wind.The damping of super high-rise buildings is low,so super high-rise buildings are very sensitive to fluctuating wind.The wind load is one of the key loads in the design of super high-rise buildings.It is known that only the basic mode is needed in the wind-response analysis of tall buildings.However,for super high-rise buildings,especially for the acceleration response,because of the frequency amplification of the high modes,the high modes and the mode coupling may need to be considered.Three typical super high-rise projects with the SMPSS in wind tunnel tests and the random vibration theory method were used to analyze the effect of high modes on the wind-induced response.The conclusions can be drawn as follows.First,for the displacement response,the basic mode is dominant,and the high modes can be neglected.Second,for the acceleration response,the high modes and the mode coupling should be considered.Lastly,the strain energy of modes can only give the vibration energy distribution of the high-rise building,and it cannot describe the local wind-induced vibration of high-rise buildings,especially for the top acceleration response. | Feng Ruoqiang Guirong Yan Ge Jinming | 2012 | Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration2012，11，3： | 2 |
| 12 | Bird nest-like zinc oxide nanostructures for sensitive electrochemical glucose biosensor显示文摘In this research,a novel bird nest-like zinc oxide(BN-ZnO)nanostructures were prepared by a simple solvothermal method.A sensitive electrochemical glucose biosensor was for the first time developed based on the immobilization of glucose oxidase(GOx)on nanostructured BN-ZnO modified electrode.The BN-ZnO nanostructure and the resultant biosensor were characterized by scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.BN-ZnO nanostructures have large specific surface area and can load large amounts of GOx molecules.Meanwhile,BN-ZnO provides an excellent microenvironment to retain the native bioactivity of enzymes and to promote direct electron transfer between GOx and electrode surface.The proposed biosensor shows a wide linear range of 0.005–1.6 mmol/L,high sensitivity of15.6 mA L mol^(-1)cm^(-2)with a low detection limit of 0.004 mmol/L.The resulting biosensor also shows excellent selectivity,acceptable stability and reproducibility,and can be successfully applied in the detection of glucose in human serum samples at-0.37 V. | Feng Shi Jinming Xu Zhongfang Hu Chuanli Ren Yadong Xue Yongcai Zhang Juan Li Chengyin Wang Zhanjun Yang | 2021 | Chinese Chemical Letters2021，32，10： | 1 |
| 13 | Heterogeneity-diversity Relationships in Natural Areas of Yunnan,China显示文摘Understanding regional environmental heterogeneity(EH)and biodiversity relationships(heterogeneity-diversity relationships:HDRs)is the first step toward coupling environmental variables with biodiversity surrogates into regional systematic conservation planning.However,there is no universal method for determining regional HDRs that considers various environmental variables and biodiversity in different regions.This study selected 32 nature reserves as natural areas in Yunnan,China,to examine regional HDRs in Yunnan.We calculated 17 EH parameters(of soil,topography,and climate)and three(ecosystem,plant,and animal)biodiversity indices in the nature reserves.By examining the explanatory power of each EH parameter and area of the nature reserve,we identified the primary parameters and constructed an optimal model for each biodiversity index.The explanatory powers of these parameters varied for each biodiversity index,and those of climatic parameters were generally higher than soil and topographic heterogeneity ones.Heterogeneity of the temperature annual range,followed by area and heterogeneity of soil type,were important parameters for ecosystem diversity of Yunnan and the optimal model explained 56.9%.Plant diversity was explained 54.5%by its optimal model,consisting of heterogeneity of precipitation of the coldest quarter and annual precipitation.Heterogeneity of temperature annual range was important for animal diversity in Yunnan and explained 29.6%of its optimal model.This study suggests that EH parameters can be an effective surrogate for biodiversity,therefore,we suggested that the significance and role of climatically heterogeneous regions for the conservation of biodiversity in Yunnan should be further studied in the future. | LIU Feng HU Jinming YANG Feiling LI Xinwang | 2021 | Chinese Geographical Science2021，31，3： | 1 |
| 14 | The diurnal variation of precipitation in monsoon season in Tibetan Plateau,China显示文摘 | Liu Liping Feng Jinming Chu Rongzhong | 2002 | Adv Atmos Sci2002，19，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Simulating the regional impacts of urbanization and anthropogenic heat release on climate across China显示文摘 | FENG Jinming WANG Yongli MA Zhuguo | | 0，，20： | 1 |
| 16 | Study of Tea Digitized Chromatographic Fingerprint Spectra Using Mieellar Electrokinetie Chromatography显示文摘 | Song Guanquna LIN Jinming Qu Feng | 2003 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry2003，21，： | 1 |
| 17 | Numerical simulation and data assimilation of the water-energy cycle over semiarid northeastern China显示文摘The default fractional vegetation cover and terrain height were replaced by the estimated fractional vegetation cover, which was calculated by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) of Earth Observing System Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(EOS-MODIS) and the Digital Elevation Model of the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission(SRTM) system. The near-surface meteorological elements over northeastern China were assimilated into the three-dimensional variational data assimilation system(3DVar) module in the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model. The structure and daily variations of air temperature, humidity, wind and energy fields over northeastern China were simulated using the WRF model. Four groups of numerical experiments were performed, and the simulation results were analyzed of latent heat flux, sensible heat flux, and their relationships with changes in the surface energy flux due to soil moisture and precipitation over different surfaces. The simulations were compared with observations of the stations Tongyu, Naiman, Jinzhou, and Miyun from June to August, 2009. The results showed that the WRF model achieves high-quality simulations of the diurnal characteristics of the surface layer temperature, wind direction, net radiation, sensible heat flux, and latent heat flux over semiarid northeastern China in the summer. The simulated near-surface temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed were improved in the data assimilation case(Case 2) compared with control case(Case 1). The simulated sensible heat fluxes and surface heat fluxes were improved by the land surface parameterization case(Case 3) and the combined case(Case 4). The simulated temporal variations in soil moisture over the northeastern arid areas agree well with observations in Case 4, but the simulated precipitation should be improved in the WRF model. This study could improve the land surface parameters by utilizing remote sensing data and could further improve atmospheric elements with a data assimilation system. This work provides an effective attempt at combining multi-source data with different spatial and temporal scales into numerical simulations. The assimilation datasets generated by this work can be applied to research on climate change and environmental monitoring of arid lands, as well as research on the formation and stability of climate over semiarid areas. | WEN XiaoHang LIAO XiaoHan YUAN WenPing YAN XiaoDong WEI ZhiGang LIU HuiZhi FENG JinMing LU ShiHua DONG WenJie | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，10： | 1 |
| 18 | Preliminary validation of GLASS-DSSR products using surface measurements collected in arid and semi-arid regions of China显示文摘Global Land Surface Satellite-downward surface shortwave radiation(GLASSDSSR)products have been routinely produced from 20082010 based on an improved look-up table algorithm,which explicitly accounts for the variations of cloud optical depth,water vapor content,and elevation.In this study,we validated and assessed the accuracy of these products in arid and semiarid regions of China.Toward this goal,observation data-sets provided by the Arid and Semiarid Region Collaborative Observation Project as well as four other metrological sites were collected,chosen,and preprocessed for the final validation.Due to the possible effect of spatial collocation and the strong adjacency pixel effect in instantaneous products,we used a more sophisticated validating scheme in order to reduce the impacts from these effects as much as possible.Evidences indicate that the GLASS-DSSR products are considerably accurate over most parts of arid and semiarid regions in China,but in complex terrain areas the products might need further refinements.The R2 at all sites(except Naqu)was larger than 0.8 with a root mean square error(RMSE)range of about in 90130 W/m2.Linear regression analyses suggest that GLASS-DSSR products tend to overestimate DSSR in the interval of low surface-measured values and symmetrically underestimate DSSR in the interval of high values.This systematic error may result from inappropriate assumptions about clouds and aerosol loadings over the regions in the operational algorithm. | Guanghui Huang Weizhen Wang Xiaotong Zhang Shunlin Liang Shaomin Liu Tianbao Zhao Jinming Feng Zhuguo Ma | 2013 | International Journal of Digital Earth2013，6，S01： | 1 |
| 19 | Modeling the Warming Impact of Urban Land Expansion on Hot Weather Using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model: A Case Study of Beijing, China显示文摘The impacts of three periods of urban land expansion during 1990–2010 on near-surface air temperature in summer in Beijing were simulated in this study, and then the interrelation between heat waves and urban warming was assessed. We ran the sensitivity tests using the mesoscale Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with a single urban canopy model,as well as high-resolution land cover data. The warming area expanded approximately at the same scale as the urban land expansion. The average regional warming induced by urban expansion increased but the warming speed declined slightly during 2000–2010. The smallest warming occurred at noon and then increased gradually in the afternoon before peaking at around 2000 LST—the time of sunset. In the daytime, urban warming was primarily caused by the decrease in latent heat flux at the urban surface. Urbanization led to more ground heat flux during the day and then more release at night, which resulted in nocturnal warming. Urban warming at night was higher than that in the day, although the nighttime increment in sensible heat flux was smaller. This was because the shallower planetary boundary layer at night reduced the release efficiency of near-surface heat. The simulated results also suggested that heat waves or high temperature weather enhanced urban warming intensity at night. Heat waves caused more heat to be stored in the surface during the day, greater heat released at night, and thus higher nighttime warming. Our results demonstrate a positive feedback effect between urban warming and heat waves in urban areas. | Xiaojuan LIU Guangjin TIAN Jinming FENG Bingran MA Jun WANG Lingqiang KONG | 2018 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2018，35，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Analysis of surface air temperature warming rate of China in the last 50 years (1962-2011) using k-means clustering显示文摘 | Feng Jinming Liu Yonghe Yan Zhongwei | 2015 | Theoretical and applied climatology2015，120，3： | 1 |
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