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| 1 | Diurnal variations of summer precipitation in Beijing显示文摘Climatic characteristics and secular trends of diurnal variations of summer precipitation in Beijing are studied using hourly self-recording rain-gauge data during 1961―2004. The results show that both rainfall amount and rainfall frequency present high values from late afternoon to early morning and reach the minima around noon. Two separate peaks can be identified in the high value period, one in the late afternoon and the other in the early morning. Taking the rainfall duration into account, it is found that the rainfall during late afternoon to midnight mainly comes from the short-duration rainfall events (an event of 1―6 hours in duration), while the rainfall during midnight to early morning is ac-cumulated mostly by the long-duration rainfall events (an event that lasts longer than 6 hours). In the recent 40 years, the summer precipitation in Beijing has been considerably restructured. The total rainfall amount of short-duration events has increased significantly, while the total rainfall amount of long-duration events has decreased. | LI Jian YU RuCong WANG JianJie | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，12： | 24 |
| 2 | Selective separation of protein and saccharides by ionic liquids aqueous two-phase systems显示文摘In the present work,it was found that aqueous solution of a hydrophilic ionic liquid (IL),1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([C4mim][N(CN)2]),could be separated into an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) by inorganic salts such as K2HPO4 and K3PO4.The top phase is IL-rich,while the bottom phase is phosphate-rich.It was shown that 82.7%-100% bovine serum albumin (BSA) could be enriched into the top phase and almost quantitative saccharides (arabinose,glucose,sucrose,raffinose or dextran) were preferentially extracted into the bottom phase in a single-step extraction by [C4mim][N(CN)2] + K2HPO4 ATPS.The extraction efficiency of BSA from the aqueous saccharide solutions was influenced by the molecular structure of saccharides.The conductivity,dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were combined to investigate the microstructure of the IL-rich top phase and the possible mechanism for the selective separation.It is suggested that the formation of the IL aggregate and the IL aggregate-BSA complex plays a significant role in the separation of BSA from aqueous saccharide solutions.This is the first example for the selective separation by ILs-based ATPSs.It is expected that these findings would have potential applications in bio-analysis,separation,and IL recycle. | PEI YuanChao LI ZhiYong LIU Li WANG JianJi WANG HuiYong | 2010 | Science China Chemistry2010，53，7： | 12 |
| 3 | Research and Operational Development of Numerical Weather Prediction in China显示文摘Numerical weather prediction(NWP) is a core technology in weather forecast and disaster mitigation. China’s NWP research and operational applications have been attached great importance by the meteorological community.Fundamental achievements have been made in the theories, methods, and NWP model development in China, which are of certain international impacts. In this paper, the scientific and technological progress of NWP in China since1949 is summarized. The current status and recent progress of the domestically developed NWP system-GRAPES(Global/Regional Assimilation and Pr Ediction System) are presented. Through independent research and development in the past 10 years, the operational GRAPES system has been established, which includes both regional and global deterministic and ensemble prediction models, with resolutions of 3-10 km for regional and 25-50 km for global forecasts. Major improvements include establishment of a new non-hydrostatic dynamic core, setup of four-dimensional variational data assimilation, and development of associated satellite application. As members of the GRAPES system, prediction models for atmospheric chemistry and air pollution, tropical cyclones, and ocean waves have also been developed and put into operational use. The GRAPES system has been an important milestone in NWP science and technology in China. | Xueshun SHEN Jianjie WANG Zechun LI Dehui CHEN Jiandong GONG | 2020 | Journal of Meteorological Research2020，34，4： | 12 |
| 4 | Imaging superoxide flash and metabolism-coupled mitochondrial permeability transition in living animals显示文摘线粒体为精力新陈代谢和反应的氧种类(ROS ) 的生产是必要的。在未经触动的房间,呼吸线粒体展览自发的 “ superoxide flashes”,对短暂 mitochondrial 渗透转变(tMPT ) 结果的 quantal 生产 ROS 事件。这里,我们在表示 superoxide 生物传感器 mt-cpYFP 的生活老鼠在 mitochondrial superoxide 闪光和 tMPT 活动的 vivo 成像执行第一,并且表明他们联合到整个身体的葡萄糖新陈代谢。柔韧的 tMPT/superoxide 闪光活动发生在骨胳的肌肉和 anesthetized 的臀部的神经转基因的老鼠。在骨胳的肌肉,成像 tMPT/superoxide 闪光揭示了线粒体的迷宫的三维的网络同时地操作。tMPT/superoxide 闪光活动响应全身的葡萄糖挑战或胰岛素刺激澎湃,以一种显然调制频率的方式并且也在 tMPT 的 gating 模式包含移动。因此,在 tMPT 依赖的 mitochondrial ROS 的 vivo 成像,信号和 metabolism-tMPT-superoxide 的发现闪光联合标记为 mitochondrial 功能并且 ROS 处于健康和疾病发信号的学习的重要工艺、概念的进展。 | Huaqiang Fang Min Chen Yi Ding Wei Shang Jiejia Xu Xing Zhang Wanrui Zhang Kaitao Li Yao Xiao Feng Gao Shujiang Shang Jing-Chao Li Xiao-Li Tian Shi-Qiang Wang Jingsong Zhou Noah Weisleder Jianjie Ma Kunfu Ouyang Ju Chen Xianhua Wang Ming Zheng Wang Wang Xiuqin Zhang Heping Cheng | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，9： | 11 |
| 5 | Recent Progress in Numerical Atmospheric Modeling in China显示文摘This review summarizes the scientific and technical progress in atmospheric modeling in China since 2011,including the dynamical core,model physics,data assimilation,ensemble forecasting,and model evaluation strategies.In terms of the dynamical core,important efforts have been made in the improvement of the existing model formulations and in exploring new modeling approaches that can better adapt to massively parallel computers and global multiscale modeling.With regard to model physics,various achievements in physical representations have been made,especially a trend toward scale-aware parameterization for accommodating the increase of model resolution.In the field of data assimilation,a 4D-Var system has been developed and is operationally used by the National Meteorological Center of China,and its performance is promising.Furthermore,ensemble forecasting has played a more important role in operational forecast systems and progressed in many fundamental techniques.Model evaluation strategies,including key performance metrics and standardized experimental protocols,have been proposed and widely applied to better understand the strengths and weaknesses of the systems,offering key routes for model improvement.The paper concludes with a concise summary of the status quo and a brief outlook in terms of future development. | Rucong YU Yi ZHANG Jianjie WANG Jian LI Haoming CHEN Jiandong GONG Jing CHEN | 2019 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2019，36，9： | 10 |
| 6 | On-chip programmable pulse processor employing cascaded MZI-MRR structure显示文摘Optical pulse processor meets the urgent demand for high-speed,ultra wideband devices,which can avoid electrical confinements in various fields,e.g.,alloptical communication,optical computing technology,cohcrcnt control and microwave fields.To date,great efforts have been madc particularly in on-chip programmable pulse proccessing.Here,we experimentally demonstrate a programmable pulse proceesor employing 16cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometer coupled microring resonator(MZI-MRR)structure based on silicon-oninsulator wafer.With micro-heaters loaded to the device,both amplitude and frequency tunings can be realized in each MZI-MRR unit.Thanks to its reconfigurability and integration ability,First,it can serve as a fractional differentiator whose tuning range is 0.51-2.23 with deviation no more than 7%.Second,the device can be tuned into a programmable optical filter whose bandwidth varies from 0.15to 0.97nm.The optical filter is also shape tunable.Especially,15-channel wavelength selective switches are generated. | Yuhe ZHAO Xu WANG Dingshan GAO Jianji DONG Xinliang ZHANG | 2019 | Frontiers of Optoelectronics2019，12，2： | 9 |
| 7 | A review:Photonics devices,architectures,and algorithms for optical neural computing显示文摘The explosive growth of data and information has motivated various emerging non-von Neumann computational approaches in the More-than-Moore era.Photonics neuromorphic computing has attracted lots of attention due to the fascinating advantages such as high speed,wide bandwidth,and massive parallelism.Here,we offer a review on the optical neural computing in our research groups at the device and system levels.The photonics neuron and photonics synapse plasticity are presented.In addition,we introduce several optical neural computing architectures and algorithms including photonic spiking neural network,photonic convolutional neural network,photonic matrix computation,photonic reservoir computing,and photonic reinforcement learning.Finally,we summarize the major challenges faced by photonic neuromorphic computing,and propose promising solutions and perspectives. | Shuiying Xiang Yanan Han Ziwei Song Xingxing Guo Yahui Zhang Zhenxing Ren Suhong Wang Yuanting Ma Weiwen Zou Bowen Ma Shaofu Xu Jianji Dong Hailong Zhou Quansheng Ren Tao Deng Yan Liu Genquan Han Yue Hao | 2021 | Journal of Semiconductors2021，42，2： | 7 |
| 8 | Toxic effects of 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium bromide on the wheat seedlings显示文摘The toxic effects of 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium bromide ([C8 mim]Br) on wheat seedlings were evaluated.Wheat seedlings were cultivated in aqueous solution with [C8 mim]Br at different concentrations (0,1,2,4,6,8 mg/L).The contents of photosynthetic pigment and proline,peroxidation of membrane lipid,and activities of antioxidation enzymes (superoxide dismutase,catalase,peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase) in leaves were measured on day 7 after treatment with [C8 mim]Br.The results showed that [C8 mim]Br significantly decreased the contents of photosynthetic pigments,activities of antioxidant enzymes in the wheat leaves and in dry weight of seedlings,while increased the proline content and membrane lipid peroxidation.The results suggested that [C8 mim]Br can inhibit photosynthesis and lead to oxidative stress to wheat seedlings. | Ping Liu Yifeng Ding Haiying Liu Liping Sun Xiaoyu Li Jianji Wang | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，12： | 6 |
| 9 | Plasma Characteristic of Lightning Discharge Channel显示文摘The plasma characteristics of a lightning discharge channel are reviewed.The spectrum of the natural lightning is investigated by employing the slit-less spectrograph.It is found that the spectrum characteristics are closely related to the intensity of the lightning discharge.The lines in the lightning spectrum are classified into essential lines and characteristic lines,according to the characteristics of lightning spectra with different intensities.The characteristics of the lightning channel and the radiation of the lighting plasma are analyzed in the visible and infrared regions.It is shown that,the visible spectrum of lightning is determined by the radiation generated from the early stage to the development of lightning,while the near-infrared spectrum is determined by the radiation generated after current of lightning reaches the peak.The channel temperature and the electron density are calculated using the information obtained from the lightning spectrum.Both the temperature and the density decrease with the increasing length of lightning channel.Moreover,X-rays and neutrons are produced in the process of lighting mainly due to the pinch effects. | ZHANG Huaming YUAN Ping ZHANG Yijun WAN Jianjie OUYANG Yuhua WANG Dongfang | 2013 | 高电压技术2013，39，10： | 5 |
| 10 | An analytical method for chlorinated paraffins and their determination in soil samples显示文摘Short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) are possibly persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and are candidate POPs of the Stockholm Convention. In this study, three quantitative methods for analyzing CPs were compared using a gas chromatograph-electron capture detector (GC-ECD), gas chromatograph-electron capture negative ion low resolution mass spectrometry (GC-ECNI-LRMS) and gas chromatograph-electron ionization tandem mass spectrometry (GC-EI-MS2). A quantitative method for the analysis of total CPs in soil samples was established. The environmental levels of CPs in an e-waste dismantling area in China were evaluated. | YUAN Bo WANG YaWei FU JianJie ZHANG QingHua JIANG GuiBin | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，22： | 4 |
| 11 | Advanced Radiative Transfer Modeling System(ARMS): A New-Generation Satellite Observation Operator Developed for Numerical Weather Prediction and Remote Sensing Applications显示文摘1.Urgent requirements for developing Feng Yun satellite observation operators In the past two decades,satellite measurements have been widely utilized for understanding and predicting weather and climate,and are now an essential component in global observing systems. | Fuzhong WENG Xinwen YU Yihong DUAN Jun YANG Jianjie WANG | 2020 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2020，37，2： | 4 |
| 12 | Tunable optical delay line based on integrated grating-assisted contradirectional couplers显示文摘Tunable optical delay lines are one of the key building blocks in optical communication and microwave systems.In this work, tunable optical delay lines based on integrated grating-assisted contradirectional couplers are proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The device performance is comprehensively improved in terms of parameter optimization, apodization analysis, and electrode design. Tunable group delay lines of 50 ps at different wavelengths within the bandwidth of 12 nm are realized with a grating length of 1.8 mm. Under thermal tuning mode, the actual delay tuning range is around 20 ps at 7.2 V voltage. At last, a new scheme adopting an ultra-compact reflector for doubling group delay is proposed and verified, achieving a large group delay line of 400 ps and a large dispersion value up to 5.5 × 10~6 ps∕(nm · km) within bandwidth of 12 nm. Under thermal tuning mode, the actual delay tuning range is around 100 ps at 8 V voltage. | XU WANG YUHE ZHAO YUNHONG DING SANSHUI XIAO JIANJI DONG | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，9： | 4 |
| 13 | Preface: An International Look at Ionic Liquids显示文摘Welcome to the Science China Chemistry special issue 'Ionic Liquids and Green Chemistry'. We have assembled 28 papers (13 from China and 15 from outside China) in the field to highlight the continued growth of this exciting area. We gratefully acknowledge the support from Science China Press and thank Prof. Xingmei Lu, Dr. Qian Wang, Dr. | Robin D. Rogers SuoJiang Zhang JianJi Wang | 2012 | Science China Chemistry2012，55，8： | 4 |
| 14 | Anionic structural effect in liquid–liquid separation of phenol from model oil by choline carboxylate ionic liquids显示文摘Phenolic compounds exist in crude oil as pollutants, and their removal is vital important for the refining and further application of oils. In traditional separation approaches, strong acid and strong base have to be used to remove these compounds, which may cause serious environmental problems. In this work, 19 kinds of cholinium ionic liquids have been developed to separate phenol from model oil by liquid–liquid extraction. Structural effect of anions of the ionic liquids in the separation is systematically investigated. It is found that depending on the chemical structure of ionic liquids, phenol can be removed from toluene with single-step removal efficiency from 86 to 99% under optimal conditions. The type of substituent groups and the-CH_2 number between two carboxylates have obvious effect on the removal efficiency, and more hydrophilic ionic liquids have a stronger extraction performance for phenol. Furthermore, thermodynamic,^(13) C NMR,~1 H NMR and density functional theory calculations have been performed to characterize the extraction process and to understand the extraction mechanism. It is shown that the extraction of phenol from oil to ionic liquid is a favorable process, and this process is mainly driven by enthalpy change. The formation of the hydrogen bond between anion of the ionic liquid and-OH of phenol is the main driving force for the extraction of phenol from oil to the ionic liquids. | Zhiyong Li Ruipeng Li Xiaoqing Yuan Yuanchao Pei Yuling Zhao Huiyong Wang Jianji Wang | 2019 | Green Energy & Environment2019，4，2： | 4 |
| 15 | Survival difference between EGFR Del19 and L858R mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving gefitinib:a propensity score matching analysis显示文摘Objective: Although superior clinical benefits of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs) in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC) had been reported,the survival difference between exon 19 deletion(Del19) and exon 21 Leu858 Arg substitution(L858 R) remains controversial.The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in progression-free survival(PFS) and overall survival(OS) between different EGFR mutant subtypes among advanced NSCLC patients receiving gefitinib.Methods: There were 204 advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations treated with gefitinib were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study.Patients were divided into the EGFR Del19 group and the L858 R mutated group according to their mutant subtype.Propensity score matching(PSM) was conducted by using a nearest-neighbor algorithm(1:1) to adjust for demographical and clinical covariates.Survival curves were constructed with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by using the log-rank test.Results: The PFS in Del19 group was similar to that in the L858 R group [before PSM 8.6 vs.7.2 months,P=0.072; after PSM 7.3 vs.7.2 months,P=0.155].No differences were detected in OS between the L858 R and the Del19 group(before PSM 17.8 vs.13.1 months,P=0.253; after PSM 16.9 vs.13.1 months,P=0.339).The Del19 group was significantly younger compared with the L858 R mutation group in age(P=0.015).Conclusions: No significant difference was found in the PFS or OS between the Del19 and L858 R mutant NSCLC patients receiving gefitinib.The age gap might contribute to the survival differences between Del19 and L858 R groups.PSM is of important value to the elimination of potential bias. | Minglei Zhuo Qiwen Zheng Jun Zhao Meina Wu Tongtong An Yuyan Wang Jianjie Li Shuhang Wang Jia Zhong Xue Yang Hanxiao Chen Bo Jia Zhi Dong Emei Gao JingjingWang Ziping Wang | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2017，29，6： | 4 |
| 16 | Innovating ionic liquids as repairable electronics for liquid robots显示文摘When I read the paper of“Crystal-Confined Freestanding Ionic Liquids for Reconfigurable and Repairable Electronics”that was published on Nature Communications(Nat.Commun.2019,10,547),I felt excited as it led to a new application of ionic liquids in addition to the enormous studies on chemical synthesis,catalysis,gas adsorption,processing biomass,and electrochemistry.This paper intended to mimic the liquid robot which was a classic character in the famous movie of Terminator 2:Judgment Day.The authors successfully exploited an approach to overcome the leakage problem of ionic liquids in the absence of encapsulation layers.It seems that ionic liquids would be one of the promising materials for green electronics with less production of electronic waste.In these regards,I would be delighted to write a highlight for this innovative work and hopefully it may raise more interests in the areas of ionic liquids. | Jianji Wang | 2020 | Green Energy & Environment2020，5，2： | 3 |
| 17 | Wideband adaptive microwave frequency identification using an integrated silicon photonic scanning filter显示文摘Photonic-assisted microwave frequency identification with distinct features, including wide frequency coverage and fast tunability, has been conceived as a key technique for applications such as cognitive radio and dynamic spectrum access. The implementations based on compact integrated photonic chips have exhibited distinct advantages in footprint miniaturization, light weight, and low power consumption, in stark contrast with discrete optical-fiber-based realization. However, reported chip-based instantaneous frequency measurements can only operate at a single-tone input, which stringently limits their practical applications that require wideband identification capability in modern RF and microwave applications. In this article, we demonstrate, for the first time, a wideband, adaptive microwave frequency identification solution based on a silicon photonic integrated chip,enabling the identification of different types of microwave signals from 1 to 30 GHz, including single-frequency,multiple-frequency, chirped-frequency, and frequency-hopping microwave signals, and even their combinations.The key component is a high Q-factor scanning filter based on a silicon microring resonator, which is used to implement frequency-to-time mapping. This demonstration opens the door to a monolithic silicon platform that makes possible a wideband, adaptive, and high-speed signal identification subsystem with a high resolution and a low size, weight, and power(SWaP) for mobile and avionic applications. | XU WANG FENG ZHOU DINGSHAN GAO YANXIAN WEI XI XIAO SHAOHUA YU JIANJI DONG XINLIANG ZHANG | 2019 | Photonics Research2019，7，2： | 3 |
| 18 | Detection of tris-(2, 3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate as a neuronal toxicant in environmental samples using neuronal toxicity-directed analysis显示文摘Neuronal toxic pollutants in environment possess hazards to human health. It is essential to determine the causative neuronal toxicants in environmental samples. In the present study, viability of primary cultured cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs), combined with sample extraction, chemical fractionation and identification, was applied for screening acid-resistant neuronal toxic substances in environmental samples. River sediments and agricultural soils along the river near a brominated flame retardant (BFR) manufacturing plant in South China were collected to screen the key neuronal toxicants. The results indicated that the manufacturing plant was a source of neuronal toxicity risks. In the sediment and soil near the plant, one of the causative toxicants was identified as tris-(2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate (TBC) using HPLC-MS/MS. In addition, an unknown chemical possibly causing significant neuronal toxicity was isolated from all the soil samples in the region. | QU GuangBo SHI JianBo LI ZhuoNa RUAN Ting FU JianJie WANG Pu WANG Thanh JIANG GuiBin | 2011 | Science China Chemistry2011，54，10： | 3 |
| 19 | Choline-based ionic liquids for CO_2 capture and conversion显示文摘Choline-based ionic liquids(Ch-ILs) with anions possessing interacting sites to attract CO_2 were designed, which could capture CO_2 with capacity >1.0 mol CO_2 per molar IL under ambient conditions. Moreover, this kind of ILs combining with Cu Cl could catalyze the formylation of amines with CO_2/H_2 at 120 °C. Especially, choline imidazolate showed the best performance,affording a series of N-formamides in excellent yields. It was demonstrated that the IL activated CO_2 and the synergistic effect between the IL and Cu Cl resulted in the high activity for catalysing the formylation of amines with CO_2/H_2. | Ruipeng Li Yanfei Zhao Zhiyong Li Yunyan Wu Jianji Wang Zhimin Liu | 2019 | Science China Chemistry2019，62，2： | 3 |
| 20 | Alterations of endogenous metabolites in urine of rats exposed to decabromodiphenyl ether using metabonomic approaches显示文摘There is large usage of polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs) especially for decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-209, Deca-BDE) in controlling the risks of fire. The toxicological effects of PBDEs are worth being concerned about. Female SD rats were daily gavaged with BDE-209 ether at the dose of 100 mg/kg for 20 days. Histological observation was performed for the screening of the target organs for BDE-209 exposure. The distribution and metabolism of PBDEs in the exposed main organs were evidenced by HRGC-HRMS. Alterations of the endogenous metabolite concentrations in urine were investigated using metabonomic approaches based on1H NMR spectrum. Histopathological changes including serious edema in kidney, hepatocellular spotty necrosis and perivasculitis in liver indicated that BDE-209 caused potential influences on endogenous metabolism in the exposed liver and the kidney. BDE-209 was found to be highly accumulated in lipid, ovary, kidney and liver after 20 days' exposure. Occurrence of other lower brominated PBDEs in the rats demonstrated that reductive debromination process happened in vivo. Hydroxylated and methoxylated–BDEs, as metabolism products, were also detected in the rat tissues. A total of 12 different endogenous metabolites showed obvious alterations in urine from the exposed rats, indicating the disturbance of the corresponding internal biochemical processes induced by BDE-209 exposure. These findings in vivo suggested the potential health risk might be of concern due to the toxicological effects of BDE-209 as a ubiquitous compound in the environment. | Weijin Yang Jianjie Fu Thanh Wang Hanxia Liu Yawei Wang Qunfang Zhou Guibin Jiang | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，4： | 3 |
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