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| 1 | Imaging and interventions in Budd-Chiari syndrome显示文摘Budd-Chiari syndrome(BCS) consists of a group of disorders with obstruction of hepatic venous outflow leading to increased hepatic sinusoidal pressure and portal hypertension.Clinically,two forms of disease(acute and chronic) are recognized.Mostly the patients present with ascites,hepatomegaly,and portal hypertension.In acute disease the liver is enlarged with thrombosed hepatic veins(HV) and ascites,whereas in the chronic form of the disease there may be membranous occlusion of HV and/or the inferior vena cava(IVC),or there may be short or long segment fibrotic constriction of HV or the suprahepatic IVC.Due to advances in radiological interventional techniques and hardware,there have been changes in the management protocol of BCS with surgery being offered to patients not suitable for radiological interventions or having acute liver failure requiring liver transplantation.The present article gives an insight into various imaging findings and interventional techniques employed in the management of BCS. | Amar Mukund Shivanand Gamanagatti | 2011 | World Journal of Radiology2011，3，7： | 11 |
| 2 | Imaging and radiological interventions in extra-hepatic portal vein obstruction显示文摘Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction(EHPVO) is a primary vascular condition characterized by chronic long standing blockage and cavernous transformation of portal vein with or without additional involvement of intrahepatic branches, splenic or superior mesenteric vein. Patients generally present in childhood with multiple episodes of variceal bleed and EHPVO is the predominant cause of paediatric portal hypertension(PHT) in developing countries. It is a pre-hepatic type of PHT in which liver functions and morphology are preserved till late. Characteristic imaging findings include multiple parabiliary venous collaterals which form to bypass the obstructed portal vein with resultant changes in biliary tree termed portal biliopathy or portal cavernoma cholangiopathy. Ultrasound with Doppler, computed tomography, magnetic resonance cholangiography and magnetic resonance portovenography are non-invasive techniques which can provide a comprehensive analysis of degree and extent of EHPVO, collaterals and bile duct abnormalities. These can also be used to assess in surgical planning as well screening for shunt patency in post-operative patients. The multitude of changes and complications seen in EHPVO can be addressed by various radiological interventional procedures. The myriad of symptoms arising secondary to vascular, biliary, visceral and neurocognitive changes in EHPVO can be managed by various radiological interventions like transjugular intra-hepatic portosystemic shunt, percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage, partial splenic embolization, balloon occluded retrograde obliteration of portosystemic shunt(PSS) and revision of PSS. | Sudheer S Pargewar Saloni N Desai S Rajesh Vaibhav P Singh Ankur Arora Amar Mukund | 2016 | World Journal of Radiology2016，8，6： | 8 |
| 3 | CT patterns of nodal disease in pediatric chest tuberculosis显示文摘AIM:To highlight various patterns of nodal involvement and post treatment changes in pediatric chest tuberculosis based on contrast enhanced computed tomography(CECT) scans of chest.METHODS:This was a retrospective study consisting of 91 patients aged less than 17 years,who attended Paediatrics OPD of All India Institute of Medical Sciences with clinically diagnosed tuberculosis or with chest radiographs suggestive of chest tuberculosis.These patients had an initial chest radiograph as well as CECT of the chest and follow up imaging after 6 mo,and in some cases 9 mo,of completion of anti-tubercular treatment(ATT).CECT of these patients was reviewed for the location and extent of nodal involvement along with determination of site,size,enhancement pattern and calcification.RESULTS:Enlargement of mediastinal or hilar lymph nodes was found in 88/91 patients(96.7%),with the most common locations being paratracheal(84.1%),and subcarinal(76.1%).The most common pattern of enhancement was found to be inhomogenous.The nodes were conglomerate in 56.8% and discrete in 43.2%.In addition,perinodal fat was obscured in 84.1% of patients.In the post-treatment scan,there was 87.4% reduction in the size of the nodes.All nodes post-treatment were discrete and homogenous with perinodal fat present.Calcification was found both pre-and post-treatment,but there was an increase in incidence after treatment(41.7%).There was hence a reduction in size,change in enhancement pattern,and appearance of perinodal fat with treatment.CONCLUSION:Tubercular nodes have varied appearance and enhancement pattern.Conglomeration and obscuration of perinodal fat suggest activity.In residual nodes decision to continue ATT requires clinical correlation. | Amar Mukund Rashmi Khurana Ashu S Bhalla Arun K Gupta Sushil K Kabra | 2011 | World Journal of Radiology2011，3，1： | 5 |
| 4 | 在在一个第三级的肝中心的 hepatocellular 癌的对比超声: 第一印度经验显示文摘 AIM: To assess the role of contrast enhanced ultrasonography in evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at the first Indian tertiary liver center. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) examinations over 24 mo for diagnosis, surveillance, characterization and follow up of 50 patients in the context of HCC was performed. The source and indication of referrals, change in referral rate, accuracy and usefulness of CEUS in a tertiary liver center equipped with a 64 slice dual energy computer tomography (CT) and 3 tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were studied. Sonovue (BR1, Bracco, Italy, a second generation contrast agent) was used for contrast US studies. Contrast enhanced CT/MRI or both were performed in all patients. The findings were taken as a baseline reference and correlation was done with respect to contrast US. Contrast enhanced MRI was performed using hepatocyte specific gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA). Iomeron (400 mg; w/v) was used for dynamic CT examinations. RESULTS: About 20 (40%) of the examinations were referred from clinicians for characterization of a mass from previous imaging. About 15 (30%) were performed for surveillance in chronic liver disease; 5 (10%) examinations were performed for monitoring lesions after radiofrequency ablation (RFA); 3 (6%) were post trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) assessments and 3 (6%) were patients with h/o iodinated contrast allergy. About 2(4%) were performed on hemodynamically unstable patients in the intensive care with raised alpha fetoprotein and 2(4%) patients were claustrophobic. The number of patients referred from clinicians steadily increased from 12 in the first 12 mo of the study to 38 in the last 12 mo. CEUS was able to diagnose 88% of positive cases of HCC as per reference standards. In the surveillance group, specificity was 53.3% vs 100% by CT/MRI. Post RFA and TACE specificity of lesion characterization by CEUS was 100% in single/large mass assessment, similar to CT/MRI. For non HCC lesions such as regenerative and dysplastic nodules, the specificity was 50% vs 90% by CT/MRI. The positive role of CEUS in imaging spectrum of HCC included a provisional urgent diagnosis of an incidentally detected mass. It further led to a decrease in time for further management. A confident diagnosis on CEUS was possible in cases of characterization of an indeterminate mass, in situations where the patient was unfit for CT/MRI, was allergic to iodinated contrast or had claustrophobia, etc.CEUS was also cost effective, radiation free and an easy modality for monitoring post RFA or TACE lesions. CONCLUSION: CEUS is a valuable augmentation to the practice of ultrasonography, and an irreplaceable modality for confounding cases and interpretation of indeterminate lesions in imaging of HCC. | Shalini Thapar Laroia Simranjeet Singh Bawa Deepak Jain Amar Mukund Shiv Sarin | 2013 | World Journal of Radiology2013，5，6： | 5 |
| 5 | Endovascular management in abdominal visceral arterial aneurysms:A pictorial essay显示文摘Visceral artery aneurysms(VAAs) include aneurysms of the splanchnic circulation and those of the renal artery.Their diagnosis is clinically important because of the associated high mortality and potential complications.Splenic,superior mesenteric,gastroduodenal,hepatic and renal arteries are some of the common arteries affected by VAAs.Though surgical resection and anastomosis still remains the treatment of choice in some of the cases,especially cases involving the proximal arteries,increasingly endovascular treatment is being used for more distal vessels.We present a pictorial review of various intra-abdominal VAAs and their endovascular management. | Manisha Jana Shivanand Gamanagatti Amar Mukund Sujoy Paul Pankaj Gupta Pramod Garg Tushar K Chattopadhyay Peush Sahni | 2011 | World Journal of Radiology2011，3，7： | 5 |
| 6 | 有胰 divisum 的 Choledochocele : 在磁性的回声 cholangiopancreatography 上诊断的稀罕同现显示文摘 We report a case of a 42-year-old male with symptomatic choledochocele and incidental pancreas divisum diagnosed with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). Small choledochocele is rare congenital malformation associated with non-specific symptoms and a delay in diagnosis. The coexistence of choledochocele and pancreas divisum is extremely rare with only two case reports published in literature. In both cases MRCP failed to diagnose any biliary or pancreatic abnormality. This case suggests that the patients with recurrent abdominal pain and pancreas divisum should not be presumed to be suffering from pancreatitis. Careful evaluated for additional anomalies in the biliary tree should be sought for refractory symptoms. MRCP is a useful one-stop-shop for diagnosing pancreatic and biliary ductal anomalies. | Yashwant Patidar Nitesh Agarwal Shailesh Gupta Ankur Arora Amar Mukund S Rajesh | 2013 | World Journal of Radiology2013，5，7： | 2 |
| 7 | S1152 Early Infliximab Infusion in Hospitalized Severe UC Patients: One Year Outcome显示文摘 | Mukund Venu Amar S. Naik Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan Yelena Zadvornova Susan Skaros Kathryn Johnson Lilani P. Perera David G. Binion Mazen Issa | 2009 | Gastroenterology2009，，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Percutaneous Management of Resistant Biliary-Enteric Anastomotic Strictures with the Use of a Combined Cutting and Conventional Balloon Cholangioplasty Protocol: A Single-Center Experience显示文摘 | Amar Mukund S. Rajesh Nitesh Agrawal Asit Arora Ankur Arora | 2015 | Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology2015，，： | 1 |
| 9 | 肝移植术后并发症的影像学诊断全景显示文摘肝脏是第二常见的移植器官,仅次于肾脏,显然,肝脏疾病是全球范围内一种常见且严重的疾病。随着外科学、肿瘤学及影像学技术的发展,原位肝移植已经成为许多终末期肝病患者的一线治疗方案。超声和多普勒彩超是评估肝移植术后液体积聚和血管并发症最经济、性价比最高的影像学方法。CT可用以进一步证实超声检查结果,并可用于肺部并发症的诊断。磁共振成像可用于发现肝管并发症、胆漏及神经系统并发症。本文论述了对于肝移植术后各种可能的并发症,如何进行影像学技术的选择。 | Binit Sureka Kalpana Bansal S Rajesh Amar Mukund Viniyendra Pamecha Ankur Arora | 2016 | Gastroenterology Report2016，4，2： | 0 |
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