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| 1 | Consensus statement AIGO/SICCR diagnosis and treatment of chronic constipation and obstructed defecation(Part Ⅱ:Treatment)显示文摘The second part of the Consensus Statement of the Italian Association of Hospital Gastroenterologists and Italian Society of Colo-Rectal Surgery reports on the treatment of chronic constipation and obstructed defecation.There is no evidence that increasing fluid intake and physical activity can relieve the symptoms of chronic constipation.Patients with normal-transit constipation should increase their fibre intake through their diet or with commercial fibre.Osmotic laxatives may be effective in patients who do not respond to fibre supplements.Stimulant laxatives should be reserved for patients who do not respond to osmotic laxatives.Controlled trials have shown that serotoninergic enterokinetic agents,such as prucalopride,and prosecretory agents,such as lubiprostone,are effective in the treatment of patients with chronic constipation.Surgery is sometimes necessary.Total colectomy with ileorectostomy may be considered in patients with slow-transit constipation and inertia coli who are resistant to medical therapy and who do not have defecatory disorders,generalised motility disorders or psychological disorders.Randomised controlled trials have established the efficacy of rehabilitative treatment in dys-synergic defecation.Many surgical procedures may be used to treat obstructed defecation in patients with acquired anatomical defects,but none is considered to be the gold standard.Surgery should be reserved for selected patients with an impaired quality of life.Obstructed defecation is often associated with pelvic organ prolapse.Surgery with the placement of prostheses is replacing fascial surgery in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse,but the efficacy and safety of such procedures have not yet been established. | Antonio Bove Massimo Bellini Edda Battaglia Renato Bocchini Dario Gambaccini Vincenzo Bove Filippo Pucciani Donato Francesco Altomare Giuseppe Dodi Guido Sciaudone Ezio Falletto Vittorio Piloni | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，36： | 33 |
| 2 | Consensus statement AIGO/SICCR:Diagnosis and treatment of chronic constipation and obstructed defecation(partⅠ:Diagnosis)显示文摘Chronic constipation is a common and extremely troublesome disorder that significantly reduces the quality of life,and this fact is consistent with the high rate at which health care is sought for this condition.The aim of this project was to develop a consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic constipation and obstructed defecation.The commission presents its results in a 'Question-Answer' format,including a set of graded recommendations based on a systematic review of the literature and evidence-based medicine.This section represents the consensus for the diagnosis.The history includes information relating to the onset and duration of symptoms and may reveal secondary causes of constipation.The presence of alarm symptoms and risk factors requires investigation.The physical examination should assess the presence of lesions in the anal and perianal region.The evidence does not support the routine use of blood testing and colonoscopy or barium enema for constipation.Various scoring systems are available to quantify the severity of constipation;the Constipation Severity Instrument for constipation and the obstructed defecation syndrome score for obstructed defecation are the most reliable.The Constipation-Related Quality of Life is an excellent tool for evaluating the patient's quality of life.No single test provides a pathophysiological basis for constipation.Colonic transit and anorectal manometry define the pathophysiologic subtypes.Balloon expulsion is a simple screening test for defecatory disorders,but it does not define the mechanisms.Defecography detects structural abnormalities and assesses functional parameters.Magnetic resonance imaging and/or pelvic floor sonography can further complement defecography by providing information on the movement of the pelvic floor and the organs that it supports.All these investigations are indicated to differentiate between slow transit constipation and obstructed defecation because the treatments differ between these conditions. | Antonio Bove Filippo Pucciani Massimo Bellini Edda Battaglia Renato Bocchini Donato Francesco Altomare Giuseppe Dodi Guido Sciaudone Ezio Falletto Vittorio Piloni Dario Gambaccini Vincenzo Bove | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，14： | 20 |
| 3 | Computed tomography findings of pneumatosis and portomesenteric venous gas in acute bowel ischemia显示文摘AIM:To use more representative sample size to evaluate whether computed tomography(CT)scan evidence of the concomitant presence of pneumatosis and portomesenteric venous gas is a predictor of transmural bowel necrosis.METHODS:Data from 208 patients who were referred for a diagnosis of bowel ischemia were retrospectively reviewed.Only patients who underwent a surgical intervention following a diagnosis of bowel ischemia who also had a post-operative histological confirmation of such a diagnosis were included.Patients were split into two groups according to the presence of histological evidence of transmural bowel ischemia(case group)or partial bowel ischemia(control group).CT images were reviewed for findings of ischemia,including mural thickening,pneumatosis,bowel distension,portomesenteric venous gas and arterial or venous thrombi.RESULTS:A total of 248 subjects who underwent surgery for bowel ischemia were identified.Among the208 subjects enrolled in our study,transmural bowel necrosis was identified in 121 subjects(case group),and partial bowel necrosis was identified in 87 subjects(control group).Based on CT findings,including mural thickening,bowel distension,pneumatosis,pneumatosis plus portomesenteric venous gas and presence of thrombi or emboli,there were no significant differences between the case and control groups.The concomitant presence of pneumatosis and porto-mesenteric venous gas showed an odds ratio of 1.95(95%CI:0.491-7.775,P=0.342)for the presence of transmural necrosis.The presence of pneumatosis plus porto-mesenteric venous gas exhibited good specificity(83%)but low sensitivity(17%)in the identification of transmural bowel infarction.Accordingly,the positive and negative predictive values were 60% and 17%,respectively.CONCLUSION:Although pneumatosis plus porto-mesenteric venous gas is associated with bowel ischemia,we have demonstrated that their co-occurrence cannot be used as diagnostic signs of transmural necrosis. | Marco Milone Matteo Nicola Dario Di Minno Mario Musella Paola Maietta Vittorio Iaccarino Giovanni Barone Francesco Milone | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，39： | 15 |
| 4 | A deep learning-enabled portable imaging flow cytometer for cost-effective, highthroughput, and label-free analysis of natural water samples显示文摘We report a deep learning-enabled field-portable and cost-effective imaging flow cytometer that automatically captures phase-contrast color images of the contents of a continuously flowing water sample at a throughput of 100 mL/h.The device is based on partially coherent lens-free holographic microscopy and acquires the diffraction patterns of flowing micro-objects inside a microfluidic channel.These holographic diffraction patterns are reconstructed in real time using a deep learning-based phase-recovery and image-reconstruction method to produce a color image of each micro-object without the use of external labeling.Motion blur is eliminated by simultaneously illuminating the sample with red,green,and blue light-emitting diodes that are pulsed.Operated by a laptop computer,this portable device measures 15.5 cm×15 cm×12.5 cm,weighs 1 kg,and compared to standard imaging flow cytometers,it provides extreme reductions of cost,size and weight while also providing a high volumetric throughput over a large object size range.We demonstrated the capabilities of this device by measuring ocean samples at the Los Angeles coastline and obtaining images of its micro-and nanoplankton composition.Furthermore,we measured the concentration of a potentially toxic alga(Pseudo-nitzschia)in six public beaches in Los Angeles and achieved good agreement with measurements conducted by the California Department of Public Health.The cost-effectiveness,compactness,and simplicity of this computational platform might lead to the creation of a network of imaging flow cytometers for largescale and continuous monitoring of the ocean microbiome,including its plankton composition. | Zoltán Gӧrӧcs Miu Tamamitsu Vittorio Bianco Patrick Wolf Shounak Roy Koyoshi Shindo Kyrollos Yanny Yichen Wu Hatice Ceylan Koydemir Yair Rivenson Aydogan Ozcan | 2018 | Light(Science & Applications)2018，7，1： | 14 |
| 5 | Fluoroquinolone-macrolide combination therapy for chronic bacterial prostatitis: retrospective analysis of pathogen eradication rates, inflammatory findings and sexual dysfunction显示文摘我们以前在范畴 II 长期的细菌的前列腺炎(CBP ) 表明了 fluoroquinolone-macrolide 联合治疗的安全和功效。这研究的目的是回顾地基于 azithromycin 的联合为 CBP 比较 microbiological 和二个处理计划的临床的调查结果(500 mg,三次每周) 与一次每日的 500-mg 或 ciprofloxacin 的 750-mg 剂量(Cipro-500 或 Cipro-750 队,分别地) 。azithromycin 的联合管理(1500 有以 750 的率的 ciprofloxacin 的 mg 星期 −1) ;为 4 个星期而非在 500 的 mg 天 −1 ;为 6 个星期的 mg 天 −1 从 62.35 % 增加了根除率;到 77.32 %并且从 71.76 % 的全部的细菌学的成功;到 85.57 %。在煽动性的白血球计数和浆液的疼痛和 voiding 症状 / 症状和重要减小地的重要减少前列腺特定的抗原(PSA ) 在两个组在整个 18 月的后续经期被支撑。射精的疼痛, haemospermia 和早泄显著地在两个组在 microbiological 根除上被稀释,但是后者在 Cipro-750 队更即时减退了。总共, 59 个 Cipro-750 病人显示出 mild-to-severe 在基线的可勃起的机能障碍(编辑) ,当 22 个病人没在 microbiological 根除上并且在整个后续时期有编辑时。在结论 fluoroquinolone-macrolide,治疗在病原体根除和 CBP 症状变细导致了,包括疼痛, voiding 骚乱和性机能障碍。为 4 个星期的 ciprofloxacin 的一次每日的 750-mg 剂量与 500-mg 剂量相比显示出提高的根除率和更低的煽动性的白血房间计数 6 个星期。我们的结果是开的推进未来的确认。 | Vittorio Magri Emanuele Montanari Visnja Skerk Alemka Markotic Emanuela Marras Antonella Restelli Kurt G Naber Gianpaolo Perletti | 2011 | Asian Journal of Andrology2011，13，6： | 12 |
| 6 | Molecular cross-talk between Helicobacter pylori and human gastric mucosa显示文摘Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) has co-evolved with humans to be transmitted from person to person and to colonize the stomach persistently.A well-choreographed equilibrium between the bacterial effectors and host responses permits microbial persistence and health of the host,but confers a risk for serious diseases including gastric cancer.During its long coexistence with humans,H.pylori has developed complex strategies to limit the degree and extent of gastric mucosal damage and in? ammation,as well as immune effector activity.The present editorial thus aims to introduce and comment on major advances in the rapidly developing area of H.pylori/human gastric mucosa interaction (and its pathological sequelae),which is the result of millennia of co-evolution of,and thus of reciprocal knowledge between,the pathogen and its human host. | Vittorio Ricci Marco Romano Patrice Boquet | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，11： | 11 |
| 7 | 由“到 laparoscopic 外科的桥 stenting ”的设法的尖锐 colorectal 阻塞: 我们的经验显示文摘 AIM: To verify the clinical results of the endoscopic stenting procedure for colorectal obstructions followed by laparoscopic colorectal resection with 'one stage anastomosis'. METHODS: From March 2003 to March 2009 in our surgical department, 48 patients underwent endoscopic stenting for colorectal occlusive lesion: 30 males (62.5%) and 18 females (37.5%) with an age range from 40 years to 92 years (median age 69.5). All patients enrolled in our study were diagnosed with an intestinal obstruction originating from the colorectal tract without bowel perforation signs. Obstruction was primitive colorectal cancer in 45 cases (93.7%) and benign anastomotic stricture in 3 cases (6.3%). RESULTS: Surgical resection was totally laparoscopic in 69% of cases (24 patients) while 17% (6 patients) of cases were video-assisted due to the local extension of cancer with infiltrations of surrounding structures (urinary bladder in 2 cases, ileus and iliac vessels in the others). In 14% of cases (5 patients), resection was performed by open surgery due to the high American Society of Anesthesiologists score and the elderly age of patients (median age of 89 years). We performed a terminal stomy in only 7 patients out of 35, 6 colostomies and one ileostomy (in a total colectomy). In the other 28 cases (80%), we performed bowel anastomosis at the same time as resection, employing a temporary ileostomy only in 5 cases. CONCLUSION: Colorectal stenting transforms an emergency operation in to an elective operation performable in a totally laparoscopic manner, limiting the confection of colostomy with its correlated complications. | Pierfrancesco Bonfante Luigi D’Ambra Stefano Berti Emilio Falco Massimo Vittorio Cristoni Romolo Briglia | 2012 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2012，4，12： | 11 |
| 8 | Combined approach for spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma is a rare,emergency occurrence in western countries with high mortality risk.A number of hypotheses have been formulated in order to explain the precise mechanism that leads to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) rupture:sub-capsular location,dimensions,portal hypertension,tumour necrosis,local increase of venous pressure due to the outflow reduction caused by neoplastic invasion,and the presence of a previous vascular injury which might predispose to HCC rupture.There is still a debate in the literature concerning the best approach in cases of HCC rupture.Surgery is the first option for treatment of acute abdominal bleeding.However the advent of endovascular treatments widens the range of possible therapies for acute bleeding control and subsequent ablation purposes.We report a case of hemoperitoneum from spontaneous rupture of undiagnosed HCC,that was treated successfully by emergency surgical resection followed by transarterial chemo-embolizationfor local recurrence. | Anna Rossetto Gian Luigi Adani Andrea Risaliti Umberto Baccarani Vittorio Bresadola Dario Lorenzin Giovanni Terrosu | 2010 | World Journal of Hepatology2010，2，1： | 10 |
| 9 | Oral frailty and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease显示文摘Frailty is a critical intermediate status of the aging process with a multidimensional and multisystem nature and at higher risk for adverse health-related outcomes,including falls,disability,hospitalizations,institutionalization,mortality,dementia,and Alzheimer’s disease.Among different frailty phenotypes,oral frailty has been recently suggested as a novel construct defined as a decrease in oral function with a coexisting decline in cognitive and physical functions.We briefly reviewed existing evidence on operational definitions of oral frailty,assessment and screening tools,and possible relationships among oral frailty,oral microbiota,and Alzheimer’s disease neurodegeneration.Several underlying mechanism may explain the oral health-frailty links including undernutrition,sarcopenia linked to both poor nutrition and frailty,psychosocial factors,and the chronic inflammation typical of oral disease.Oral microbiota may influence Alzheimer’s disease risk through circulatory or neural access to the brain and the interplay with periodontal disease,often causing tooth loss also linked to an increased Alzheimer’s disease risk.On this bases,COR388,a bacterial protease inhibitor targeting Porphyromonas gingivalis implicated in periodontal disease,is now being tested in a double-blind,placebocontrolled Phase II/III study in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease.Therefore,oral status may be an important contributor to general health,including Alzheimer’s disease and latelife cognitive disorders,suggesting the central role of preventive strategies targeting the novel oral frailty phenotype and including maintenance and improvement of oral function and nutritional status to reduce the burden of both oral dysfunction and frailty. | Vittorio Dibello Madia Lozupone Daniele Manfredini Antonio Dibello Roberta Zupo Rodolfo Sardone Antonio Daniele Frank Lobbezoo Francesco Panza | 2021 | Neural Regeneration Research2021，16，11： | 10 |
| 10 | Treatment of dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease: Effectiveness and safety of statins显示文摘Several cardiovascular(CV)risk factors may explain the high rate of CV death among patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).Among them both traditional and uremia-related risk factors are implicated and,moreover,the presence of kidney disease represents'per se'a multiplier of CV risk.Plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles are changed in quantitative,but above all in qualitative,structural,and functional ways,and lipoprotein metabolism is influenced by the progressive loss of renal function.Statin therapy significantly reduces cholesterol synthesis and both CV morbidity and mortality either directly,by reducing the lipid profile,or via pleiotropic effects;it is supposed to be able to reduce both the progression of CKD and also proteinuria.These observations derive from a post-hoc analysis of large trials conducted in the general population,but not in CKD patients.However,the recently published SHARP trial,including over 9200 patients,either on dialysis or pre-dialysis,showed that simvastatin plus ezetimibe,compared with placebo,was associated with a significant low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction and a 17%reduction in major atherosclerotic events.However,no benefit was observed in overall survival nor in preserving renal function in patients treated.These re-cent data reinforce the conviction among nephrologists to consider their patients at high CV risk and that lipid lowering drugs such as statins may represent an important tool in reducing atheromatous coronary disease which,however,represents only a third of CV deaths in patients with CKD.Therefore,statins have no protective effect among the remaining two-thirds of patients who suffer from sudden cardiac death due to arrhythmia or heart failure,prevalent among CKD patients.The safety of statins is demonstrated in CKD by several trials and recently confirmed by the largest SHARP trial,in terms of no increase in cancer incidence,muscle pain,creatine kinase levels,severe rhabdomyolysis,hepatitis,gallstones and pancreatitis;thus confirming the handiness of statins in CKD patients.Here we will review the latest data available concerning the effectiveness and safety of statin therapy in CKD patients. | Roberto Scarpioni Marco Ricardi Vittorio Albertazzi Luigi Melfa | 2012 | World Journal of Nephrology2012，1，6： | 10 |
| 11 | Hepatic resection beyond barcelona clinic liver cancer indication:When and how显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the main common primary tumour of the liver and it is usually associated with cirrhosis.The barcelona clinic liver cancer(BCLC)classification has been approved as guidance for HCC treatment algorithms by the European Association for the Study of Liver and the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease.According to this algorithm,hepatic resection should be performed only in patients with small single tumours of 2-3 cm without signs of portal hypertension(PHT)or hyperbilirubinemia.BCLC classification has been criticised and many studies have shown that multiple tumors and large tumors,as wide as those with macrovascular infiltration and PHT,could benefit from liver resection.Consequently,treatment guidelines should be revised and patients with intermediate/advanced stage HCC,when technically resectable,should receive the opportunity to be treated with radical surgical treatment.Nevertheless,the surgical treatment of HCC on cirrhosis is complex:The goal to be oncologically radical has always to be balanced with the necessity to minimize organ damage.The aim of this review was to analyze when and how liver resection could be indicated beyond BCLC indication.In particular,the role of multidisciplinary approach to assure a proper indication,of the intraoperative ultrasound for intraoperative restaging and resection guidance and of laparoscopy to minimize surgical trauma have been enhanced. | Mattia Garancini Enrico Pinotti Stefano Nespoli Fabrizio Romano Luca Gianotti Vittorio Giardini | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，11： | 8 |
| 12 | Helicobacter pylori gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and its pathogenic role显示文摘Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT)is a bacterial virulence factor that converts glutamine into glutamate and ammonia,and converts glutathione into glutamate and cysteinylglycine.H.pylori GGT causes glutamine and glutathione consumption in the host cells,ammonia production and reactive oxygen species generation.These products induce cell-cycle arrest,apoptosis,and necrosis in gastric epithelial cells.H.pylori GGT may also inhibit apoptosis and induce gastric epithelial cell proliferation through the induction of cyclooxygenase-2,epidermal growth factor-related peptides,inducible nitric oxide synthase and interleukin-8.H.pylori GGT induces immune tolerance through the inhibition of T cell-mediated immunity and dendritic cell differentiation.The effect of GGT on H.pylori colonization and gastric persistence are also discussed. | Vittorio Ricci Maria Giannouli Marco Romano Raffaele Zarrilli | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，3： | 8 |
| 13 | emerging role of the β-catenin-PPARγ axis in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer显示文摘Multiple lines of evidence indicate that Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays a fundamental role in colorectal cancer(CRC)initiation and progression.Recent genome-wide data have confirmed that in CRC this pathway is one of the most frequently modified by genetic or epigenetic alterations affecting almost 90%of Wnt/β-catenin gene members.A major challenge is thus learning how the corrupted coordination of this pathway is tied to other signalings to enhance cell growth.Peroxisome proliferator activated receptorγ(PPARγ)is emerging as a growth-limiting and differentiation-promoting factor.In tumorigenesis it exerts a tumor suppressor role and is potentially linked with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.Based on these results,the identification of new selective PPARγmodulators with inhibitory effects on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is becoming an interesting perspective.Should,in fact,these molecules display such properties,new research avenues would be opened aimed at developing new molecular targeted drugs.Herein,we review the basic principles and present new hypotheses underlying the crosstalk between Wnt/β-catenin and PPARγsignaling.Furthermore,we discuss the advances in our understanding as to how their altered regulation can culminate in colon cancer and the efforts aimed at designing novel PPARγagonists endowed with Wnt/β-catenin inhibitory effects to be used as therapeutic and/or preventive agents. | Lina Sabatino Massimo Pancione Carolina Votino Tommaso Colangelo Angelo Lupo Ettore Novellino Antonio Lavecchia Vittorio Colantuoni | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，23： | 8 |
| 14 | Strategies for reducing speckle noise in digital holography显示文摘Digital holography(DH)has emerged as one of the most effective coherent imaging technologies.The technological developments of digital sensors and optical elements have made DH the primary approach in several research fields,from quantitative phase imaging to optical metrology and 3D display technologies,to name a few.Like many other digital imaging techniques,DH must cope with the issue of speckle artifacts,due to the coherent nature of the required light sources.Despite the complexity of the recently proposed de-speckling methods,many have not yet attained the required level of effectiveness.That is,a universal denoising strategy for completely suppressing holographic noise has not yet been established.Thus the removal of speckle noise from holographic images represents a bottleneck for the entire optics and photonics scientific community.This review article provides a broad discussion about the noise issue in DH,with the aim of covering the best-performing noise reduction approaches that have been proposed so far.Quantitative comparisons among these approaches will be presented. | Vittorio Bianco Pasquale Memmolo Marco Leo Silvio Montresor Cosimo Distante Melania Paturzo Pascal Picart Bahram Javidi Pietro Ferraro | 2018 | Light(Science & Applications)2018，7，1： | 8 |
| 15 | Neurological disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases显示文摘Extraintestinal manifestations occur in about one-third of patients living with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and may precede the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms by many years. Neurologic disorders associated with IBD are not frequent, being reported in 3% of patients, but they often represent an important cause of morbidity and a relevant diagnostic issue. In addition, the increasing use of immunosuppressant and biological therapies for IBD may also play a pivotal role in the development of neurological disorders of different type and pathogenesis. Hence, we provide a complete and profound review of the main features of neurological complications associated with IBD, with particular reference to those related to drugs and with a specific focus on their clinical presentation and possible pathophysiological mechanisms. | Giovanni Casella Gian Eugenio Tontini Gabrio Bassotti Luca Pastorelli Vincenzo Villanacci Luisa Spina Vittorio Baldini Maurizio Vecchi | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，27： | 7 |
| 16 | Peliosis hepatis: Personal experience and literature review显示文摘Peliosis hepatis(PH) is a disease characterized by multiple and small,blood-filled cysts within the parenchymatous organs. PH is a very rare disease,more common in adults,and when it affects the liver,it comes to the surgeon's attention only in an extremely urgent situation after the lesion's rupture with the resulting hemoperitoneum. This report describes the case of a 29-year-old woman affected by recurring abdominal pain. Computed tomography scans showed a hepatic lesion formed by multiple hypodense areas,which showed an early acquisition of the contrast during the arterial phase. Furthermore,it remained isodense with the remaining parenchyma during the late venous phase. We decided on performing a liver resection of segment Ⅶ while avoiding a biopsy for safety reasons. The histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of focal PH. PH should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of hepatic lesions. Clinicians should discuss the possible causes and issues related to the differential diagnosis in addition to the appropriate therapeutic approach. The fortuitous finding of a lesion,potentially compatible with PH,requires elective surgery with diagnostic and therapeutic intents. The main aim is to prevent the risk of a sudden bleeding that,in absence of properly equipped structures,may have a fatal outcome. | Daniele Crocetti Andrea Palmieri Giuseppe Pedullà Vittorio Pasta Valerio D'Orazi Gian Luca Grazi | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，46： | 7 |
| 17 | NG2 Cell Response in the CNP-EGFP Mouse After Contusive Spinal Cord Injury显示文摘成年动物中枢神经系统中的NG2细胞具有异质性。脊髓损伤(SCI)后,具有少突胶质前体细胞(OPCs)功能的NG2细胞亚型如何产生反应性变化及对其正常的发育过程有何影响目前还不清楚。本文采用少突胶质细胞系细胞表达EGFP的CNP-EGFP小鼠,研究正常和SCI后的NG2细胞的特征。在正常小鼠的白质中,对EGFP+NG2+双极细胞和EGFPnegNG2+多极细胞进行鉴别。SCI后,白质损伤边缘区中的EGFP+NG2+细胞3 d增殖达高峰,损伤中心区的EGFPnegNG2+细胞增殖在损伤后7 d达高峰。损伤后EGFP+NG2+细胞的Olig2、Sox10、Sox17等转录因子、基本的膜电生理参数以及钾电流表型均与发育过程增殖的OPCs一致。EGFPnegNG2+细胞不表达少突胶质发生中的转录因子。EGFP+CC1+少突胶质细胞6周时包含在EGFP+NG2+细胞增殖峰时表达BrdU的细胞。EGFPnegCC1+少突胶质细胞未被观察到。神经胶质生长因子2和成纤维细胞生长因子2处理促进少突胶质发生,提高EGFPnegNG2+细胞数量。因此,通过EGFP和转录因子表达,时空增殖类型及对生长因子的反应,两种类型的NG2+细胞对SCI刺激发生反应。SCI后EGFP+NG2+细胞经受细胞和生理变化特征,与在早期出生后的少突胶质发生过程中NG2+细胞中的变化类似。 | JUDITH M LYTLE RAMESH CHITTAJALLU JEAN R WRATHALL VITTORIO GALLO | 2009 | 神经损伤与功能重建2009，4，1： | 7 |
| 18 | Motility-based label-free detection of parasites in bodily fluids using holographic speckle analysis and deep learning显示文摘Parasitic infections constitute a major global public health issue.Existing screening methods that are based on manual microscopic examination often struggle to provide sufficient volumetric throughput and sensitivity to facilitate early diagnosis.Here,we demonstrate a motility-based label-free computational imaging platform to rapidly detect motile parasites in optically dense bodily fluids by utilizing the locomotion of the parasites as a specific biomarker and endogenous contrast mechanism.Based on this principle,a cost-effective and mobile instrument,which rapidly screens~3.2 mL of fluid sample in three dimensions,was built to automatically detect and count motile microorganisms using their holographic time-lapse speckle patterns.We demonstrate the capabilities of our platform by detecting trypanosomes,which are motile protozoan parasites,with various species that cause deadly diseases affecting millions of people worldwide.Using a holographic speckle analysis algorithm combined with deep learningbased classification,we demonstrate sensitive and label-free detection of trypanosomes within spiked whole blood and artificial cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)samples,achieving a limit of detection of ten trypanosomes per mL of whole blood(~five-fold better than the current state-of-the-art parasitological method)and three trypanosomes per mL of CSF.We further demonstrate that this platform can be applied to detect other motile parasites by imaging Trichomonas vaginalis,the causative agent of trichomoniasis,which affects 275 million people worldwide.With its costeffective,portable design and rapid screening time,this unique platform has the potential to be applied for sensitive and timely diagnosis of neglected tropical diseases caused by motile parasites and other parasitic infections in resource-limited regions. | Yibo Zhang Hatice Ceylan Koydemir Michelle M.Shimogawa Sener Yalcin Alexander Guziak Tairan Liu Ilker Oguz Yujia Huang Bijie Bai Yilin Luo Yi Luo Zhensong Wei Hongda Wang Vittorio Bianco Bohan Zhang Rohan Nadkarni Kent Hill Aydogan Ozcan | 2018 | Light(Science & Applications)2018，7，1： | 6 |
| 19 | Endowing a plain fluidic chip with micro-optics: a holographic microscope slide显示文摘Lab-on-a-Chip(LoC)devices are extremely promising in that they enable diagnostic functions at the point-of-care.Within this scope,an important goal is to design imaging schemes that can be used out of the laboratory.In this paper,we introduce and test a pocket holographic slide that allows digital holography microscopy to be performed without an interferometer setup.Instead,a commercial off-the-shelf plastic chip is engineered and functionalized with this aim.The microfluidic chip is endowed with micro-optics,that is,a diffraction grating and polymeric lenses,to build an interferometer directly on the chip,avoiding the need for a reference arm and external bulky optical components.Thanks to the single-beam scheme,the system is completely integrated and robust against vibrations,sharing the useful features of any common path interferometer.Hence,it becomes possible to bring holographic functionalities out of the lab,moving complexity from the external optical apparatus to the chip itself.Label-free imaging and quantitative phase contrast mapping of live samples are demonstrated,along with flexible refocusing capabilities.Thus,a liquid volume can be analyzed in one single shot with no need for mechanical scanning systems. | Vittorio Bianco Biagio Mandracchia Valentina Marchesano Vito Pagliarulo Federico Olivieri Sara Coppola Melania Paturzo Pietro Ferraro | 2017 | Light(Science & Applications)2017，6，1： | 6 |
| 20 | 持续体与未完整体的类型学思考显示文摘学界对Comrie(1976:25)体系统中持续体的有无充满争议。Bybee et al.(1994:139)认为“没有一致的持续体语法语素类型”,Chappell(1992)和Hintz(2011:51)分别认为汉语的“着”和盖丘亚语的-yka:是持续体的例证。本文认为这两个持续体的例证都可以分化为结果体、进行体和未完整体。未完整体的意义应与词汇手段表达的惯常体、广义的结果体和现在状态功能区别开来。英语进行体构式早期具有多种用法,部分状态性用法应视为广义结果体,进行体和完成体用法都是在结果体的基础上发展而来。结果体除了发展出完成体外,兼有从结果体到进行体的演变路径,这一路径虽然在世界各大洲都有零星分布,但主要集中在亚洲的东北部和印度、尼泊尔等地,可视为北亚语言区域的特征之一。 | 陈前瑞 | 2021 | 外语教学与研究2021，53，3： | 5 |
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