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| 1 | Pathophysiology of constipation in the older adult显示文摘This review provides information on the definition of constipation, normal continence and defecation and a description of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of constipation. In addition, changes in the anatomy and physiology of the lower gastrointestinal tract associated with aging that may contribute to constipation are described. MEDLINE (1966-2007) and CINAHL (1980-2007) were searched. The following MeSH terms were used: constipation/etiology OR constipation/ physiology OR constipation/physiopathology) AND (age factors OR aged OR older OR 80 and over OR middle age). Constipation is not well defined in the literature. While self-reported constipation increases with age, findings from a limited number of clinical studies that utilized objective measures do not support this association. Dysmotility and pelvic floor dysfunction are important mechanisms associated with constipation. Changes in GI function associated with aging appear to be relatively subtle based on a limited amount of conflicting data. Additional research is warranted on the effects of aging on GI function, as well as on the timing of these changes. | G Lindsay McCrea Christine Miaskowski Nancy A Stotts Liz Macera Madhulika G Varma | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，17： | 21 |
| 2 | Subcurative radiation significantly increases cell proliferation, invasion, and migration of primary glioblastoma multiforme in vivo显示文摘Tumor cell proliferation, infiltration, migration, and neovascularization are known causes of treatment resistance in glioblastoma multiforme(GBM). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of radiation on the growth characteristics of primary human GBM developed in a nude rat. Primary GBM cells grown from explanted GBM tissues were implanted orthotopically in nude rats. Tumor growth was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging on day 77(baseline) after implantation. The rats underwent irradiation to a dose of 50 Gy delivered subcuratively on day 84 postimplantation(n = 8), or underwent no radiation(n = 8). Brain tissues were obtained on day 112(nonirradiated) or day 133(irradiated). Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine tumor cell proliferation(Ki-67) and to assess the expression of infiltration marker(matrix metalloproteinase-2, MMP-2) and cell migration marker(CD44). Tumor neovascularization was assessed by microvessel density using von-Willebrand factor(vWF) staining. Magnetic resonance imaging showed well-developed, infiltrative tumors in 11 weeks postimplantation. The proportion of Ki-67-positive cells in tumors undergoing radiation was(71 ± 15)% compared with(25 ± 12)% in the nonirradiated group(P = 0.02). The number of MMP-2-positive areas and proportion of CD44-positive cells were also high in tumors receiving radiation, indicating great invasion and infiltration. Microvessel density analysis did not show a significant difference between nonirradiated and irradiated tumors. Taken together, we found that subcurative radiation significantly increased proliferation, invasion, and migration of primary GBM. Our study provides insights into possible mechanisms of treatment resistance following radiation therapy for GBM. | Adarsh Shankar Sanath Kumar Asm Iskander Nadimpalli RS Varma Branislava Janic Ana deCarvalho Tom Mikkelsen Joseph A Frank Meser M Ali Robert A Knight Stephen Brown Ali S Arbab | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2014，33，3： | 5 |
| 3 | Enhanced food sterilization through inclination of the container wails and geometry modifications显示文摘 | VARMA M N KANNAN A | 2005 | Intemafional Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer2005，48，18： | 1 |
| 4 | Piriformospora indica ,a cultivable plant-growth promoting root endoplryte显示文摘 | Varma A Verma S Sudha A | 1999 | Applied and Environmental Microbiology1999，65，6： | 1 |
| 5 | Correlation of clinical and manometric abnormalities of rectal function following chronic radiation injury显示文摘 | Varma JS Smith AN Busuttil A | 1985 | Br J Surg1985，72，11： | 1 |
| 6 | Steel-plate composite walls:experimental database and design for out-of-plane shear显示文摘 | Sener K C Varma A H | 2014 | Journal of Constructional Steel Research2014，100，19： | 1 |
| 7 | Rate-proportional servers: A design methodology for fair queueing algorithms显示文摘 | Stiliadis D and Varma A | 1998 | IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking1998，6，2： | 1 |
| 8 | JPEG2000- choices and tradeoffs for encod - ers显示文摘 | Varma K Ben A | 2004 | Signal Processing Magazine2004，21，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Strain improvement of Penicillium janthinellum NCIM 1171 for increased cellulase production显示文摘 | Adsul M G Bastawde K B Varma A J | 2007 | Bioresource Technology2007，98，： | 1 |
| 10 | Strain inthe medial collateral ligament of the human knee under single and combined loads 显示文摘 | Hull M L Bems G S Varma H Patterson H A | 1996 | Journal of Biomechanics1996，29，： | 1 |
| 11 | Seismic behavior and modeling of high-strength composite concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) beam-columns 显示文摘 | Varma A H Ricles J M Sause R Lu L W | 2002 | Journal of Constructional Steel Research2002，58，5678： | 1 |
| 12 | CFD studies on natural convective heating of canned food in conical and cylindrical containers显示文摘 | VARMA M N KANNAN A | 2006 | Joumal of Food Engineering2006，77，4： | 1 |
| 13 | DNA probe for strain typing of Cryptococcus neoformans 显示文摘 | Varma A Kwon-Chung KJ | 1992 | Clin Microbiol1992，30，11： | 1 |
| 14 | Randomized clinical trial ofthe efficacy and safety of preservative-free tafluprost and timolol inpatients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension显示文摘 | Chabi A Varma R Tsai JC | 2012 | Am J Ophthalmol2012，153，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Piriformospora indica ,a cultivable plant-growth promoting root endoplryte显示文摘 | Varma A Verma S Sudha A | 1999 | Applied and Environmental Microbiology1999，65，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Metal complexation by chitosan and its derivatives:a review显示文摘 | Varma A J Deshpande S V Kennedy J F | 2004 | Carbohydrate Polymers2004，55，： | 1 |
| 17 | Static and cyclic oxidation of Ti-44A1 and Ti-44Al-xNb alloys 显示文摘 | VARMA S K CHAN A MAHAPATRA B N | 2001 | Oxidation ofMetals2001，55，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Steel-plate composite(SC)walls for safety related nuclear facilities:Design for in-plane forces and out-of-plane moments显示文摘 | Varma A H Malushte S R Sener K C | 2014 | Nuclear Engineering and Design2014，269，24： | 1 |
| 19 | Oxidation of cellulose under controlled conditions显示文摘 | VARMA A J KULKARMI M P | 2002 | Polymer Degradation and Stability2002，77，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Enzyme catalyzed synthesis of polyesters 显示文摘 | Varma I K Albertsson A C Rajkhoma R | 2005 | Prog Polym Sci2005，30，10： | 1 |
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