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| 1 | Characteristics of PM_(2.5) pollution in Beijing after the improvement of air quality显示文摘Following the implementation of the strictest clean air policies to date in Beijing,the physicochemical characteristics and sources of PM_(2.5) have changed over the past few years.To improve pollution reduction policies and subsequent air quality further,it is necessary to explore the changes in PM_(2.5) over time.In this study,over one year(2017-2018)field study based on filter sampling(TH-150C;Wuhan Tianhong,China)was conducted in Fengtai District,Beijing,revealed that the annual average PM_(2.5) concentration(64.8±43.1μg/m^3)was significantly lower than in previous years and the highest PM_(2.5) concentration occurred in spring(84.4±59.9μg/m^3).Secondary nitrate was the largest source and accounted for 25.7%of the measured PM_(2.5).Vehicular emission,the second largest source(17.6%),deserves more attention when considering the increase in the number of motor vehicles and its contribution to gaseous pollutants.In addition,the contribution from coal combustion to PM_(2.5) decreased significantly.During weekends,the contribution from EC and NO3−increased whereas the contributions from SO4^2−,OM,and trace elements decreased,compared with weekdays.During the period of residential heating,PM_(2.5) mass decreased by 23.1%,compared with non-heating period,while the contributions from coal combustion and vehicular emission,and related species increased.With the aggravation of pollution,the contribution of vehicular emission and secondary sulfate increased and then decreased,while the contribution of NO3−and secondary nitrate continued to increase,and accounted for 34.0%and 57.5%of the PM_(2.5) during the heavily polluted days,respectively. | Xiaojuan Huang Guiqian Tang Junke Zhang Baoxian Liu Chao Liu Jin Zhang Leilei Cong Mengtian Cheng Guangxuan Yan Wenkang Gao Yinghong Wang Yuesi Wang | 2021 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2021，33，2： | 14 |
| 2 | Advanced reliability analysis of slopes in spatially variable soils using multivariate adaptive regression splines显示文摘This study aims to extend the multivariate adaptive regression splines(MARS)-Monte Carlo simulation(MCS) method for reliability analysis of slopes in spatially variable soils. This approach is used to explore the influences of the multiscale spatial variability of soil properties on the probability of failure(P_f) of the slopes. In the proposed approach, the relationship between the factor of safety and the soil strength parameters characterized with spatial variability is approximated by the MARS, with the aid of Karhunen-Loeve expansion. MCS is subsequently performed on the established MARS model to evaluate Pf.Finally, a nominally homogeneous cohesive-frictional slope and a heterogeneous cohesive slope, which are both characterized with different spatial variabilities, are utilized to illustrate the proposed approach.Results showed that the proposed approach can estimate the P_f of the slopes efficiently in spatially variable soils with sufficient accuracy. Moreover, the approach is relatively robust to the influence of different statistics of soil properties, thereby making it an effective and practical tool for addressing slope reliability problems concerning time-consuming deterministic stability models with low levels of P_f.Furthermore, disregarding the multiscale spatial variability of soil properties can overestimate or underestimate the P_f. Although the difference is small in general, the multiscale spatial variability of the soil properties must still be considered in the reliability analysis of heterogeneous slopes, especially for those highly related to cost effective and accurate designs. | Leilei Liu Shaohe Zhang Yung-Ming Cheng Li Liang | 2019 | Geoscience Frontiers2019，10，2： | 7 |
| 3 | Effect of fertilization patterns on the assemblage of weed communities in an upland winter wheat field显示文摘Aims Understanding the response of farmland weed community assembly to fertilization is important for designing better nutrient management strategies in integrated farmland ecological systems.Many studies have focused on weed characteristics,mainly crop–weed competition responses to fertilization or weed communities alone.However,weed community assembly in association with crop growth is poorly understood in the agroecosystems,but is important for the determination of integrated weed management.Biodiversity promotes ecosystem productivity in the grassland,but whether it applies to the agroecosystems is unclear.Based on an 11-year field experiment,the cumulative effects of different fertilization patterns on the floristic composition and species diversity of farmland weed communities along with wheat growth in a winter wheat–soybean rotation were investigated.Methods The field trial included five fertilization patterns with different combinations of N,P and K fertilizers.Species composition and diversity of weed communities,aboveground plant biomass and nutrient accumulation of weeds and winter wheat,light penetration to the ground surface and wheat yield were measured at each plot in 2009 and 2010.Multivariate analysis,regression and analysis of variance were used to analyze the responses of these parameters to the different fertilization treatments.Important Findings Four dominant weeds(Galium aparine L.,Veronica persica Poir.,Vicia sativa L.and Geranium carolinianum L.)accounted for~90%of the total weed density in the 2 years of experimental duration.The residual weed community assembly was influenced primarily by topsoil available nutrients in the order P>N>K.Competition for nutrients and solar radiation between crops and weeds was the main indirect effect of fertilization on the changes in weed community composition and species diversity.The indices of species diversity(species richness,Shannon–Wiener,Pielou and Simpson indices)showed significant linear relationships with wheat yield.The balanced fertilization treatment was more efficient at inhibiting the potential growth of weeds because of solar radiation being intercepted by wheat.These results support the conclusion that wheat yield is favored by balanced fertilization,whereas the weed community is favored by PK fertilization in terms of density and diversity.However,the negative effects on wheat yield may be compromised by simultaneous positive effects of weed communities in the fertilization treatments,for instance,the NP and NK treatments,which are intermediate in terms of increasing wheat production and to a level maintaining a diverse community. | Leilei Tang Kaiyuan Wan Chuanpeng Cheng Ruhai Li Daozhong Wang Junfeng Pan Yong Tao Juan Xie Fang Chen | 2014 | Journal of Plant Ecology2014，7，1： | 6 |
| 4 | Cancer metabolism and tumor microenvironment:fostering each other?显示文摘The changes associated with malignancy are not only in cancer cells but also in environment in which cancer cells live.Metabolic reprogramming supports tumor cells’high demand of biogenesis for their rapid proliferation,and helps tumor cells to survive under certain genetic or environmental stresses.Emerging evidence suggests that metabolic alteration is ultimately and tightly associated with genetic changes,in particular the dysregulation of key oncogenic and tumor suppressive signaling pathways.Cancer cells activate HIF signaling even in the presence of oxygen and in the absence of growth factor stimulation.This cancer metabolic phenotype,described firstly by German physiologist Otto Warburg,ensures enhanced glycolytic metabolism for the biosynthesis of macromolecules.The conception of metabolite signaling,i.e.,metabolites are regulators of cell signaling,provides novel insights into how reactive oxygen species(ROS)and other metabolites deregulation may regulate redox homeostasis,epigenetics,and proliferation of cancer cells.Moreover,the unveiling of noncanonical functions of metabolic enzymes,such as the moonlighting functions of phosphoglycerate kinase 1(PGK1),reassures the importance of metabolism in cancer development.The metabolic,microRNAs,and ncRNAs alterations in cancer cells can be sorted and delivered either to intercellular matrix or to cancer adjacent cells to shape cancer microenvironment via media such as exosome.Among them,cancer microenvironmental cells are immune cells which exert profound effects on cancer cells.Understanding of all these processes is a prerequisite for the development of a more effective strategy to contain cancers. | Yiyuan Yuan Huimin Li Wang Pu Leilei Chen Dong Guo Hongfei Jiang Bo He Siyuan Qin Kui Wang Na Li Jingwei Feng Jing Wen Shipeng Cheng Yaguang Zhang Weiwei Yang Dan Ye Zhimin Lu Canhua Huang Jun Mei Hua-Feng Zhang Ping Gao Peng Jiang Shicheng Su Bing Sun Shi-Min Zhao | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，2： | 5 |
| 5 | Regulated cell death(RCD)in cancer:key pathways and targeted therapies显示文摘Regulated cell death(RCD),also well-known as programmed cell death(PCD),refers to the form of cell death that can be regulated by a variety of biomacromolecules,which is distinctive from accidental cell death(ACD).Accumulating evidence has revealed that RCD subroutines are the key features of tumorigenesis,which may ultimately lead to the establishment of different potential therapeutic strategies.Hitherto,targeting the subroutines of RCD with pharmacological small-molecule compounds has been emerging as a promising therapeutic avenue,which has rapidly progressed in many types of human cancers.Thus,in this review,we focus on summarizing not only the key apoptotic and autophagy-dependent cell death signaling pathways,but the crucial pathways of other RCD subroutines,including necroptosis,pyroptosis,ferroptosis,parthanatos,entosis,NETosis and lysosomedependent cell death(LCD)in cancer.Moreover,we further discuss the current situation of several small-molecule compounds targeting the different RCD subroutines to improve cancer treatment,such as single-target,dual or multiple-target small-molecule compounds,drug combinations,and some new emerging therapeutic strategies that would together shed new light on future directions to attack cancer cell vulnerabilities with small-molecule drugs targeting RCD for therapeutic purposes. | Fu Peng Minru Liao Rui Qin Shiou Zhu Cheng Peng Leilei Fu Yi Chen Bo Han | 2022 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2022，7，9： | 4 |
| 6 | Desertification: China provides a solution to a global challenge显示文摘Desertification has been caused by various factors and is a major environmental problem and development bottleneck faced by the world. It is also a serious threat to ecological security and to sustainable economic and social development. As a stubborn world problem, focused on by the United Nations 2030 sustainable development goal 15.3, China aims to combat desertification by implementing the 'eight-column fourbeam' strategy, and also suggest the 'four-medicine'approach for global desertification governance. This includes the development of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification protocol, unified global compliance and compliance metrics; building a global observation network, and monitoring land changes based on remote sense; preparing the global natural desert(heritage) list, leaving the original deserts for future generations; initiating the global action of combating desertification, and striving to achieve a land degradationneutral world by 2030. | Yingshuang BAO Leilei CHENG Yanfeng BAO Liu YANG Lina JIANG Chao LONG Zhe KONG Peng PENG Jun XIAO Qi LU | 2017 | Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering2017，4，4： | 3 |
| 7 | Prognostic value of the D‐dimer test in oesophageal cancer during the perioperative period显示文摘 | Dongmei Diao Kun Zhu Zhe Wang Yao Cheng Kang Li Leilei Pei Chengxue Dang | 2013 | J. Surg. Oncol2013，，1： | 2 |
| 8 | Demand for milk quantity and safety in urban China: evidence from Beijing and Harbin显示文摘 | Leilei Cheng Changbin Yin Hsiaoping Chien | 2015 | Aust J Agric Resour Econ2015，，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Gradual daylength sensing coupled with optimum cropping modes enhances multi-latitude adaptation of rice and maize显示文摘To expand crop planting areas,reestablishment of crop latitude adaptation based on genetic variation in photoperiodic genes can be performed,but it is quite time consuming.By contrast,a crop variety that already exhibits multi-latitude adaptation has the potential to increase its planting areas to be more widely and quickly available.However,the importance and potential of multi-latitude adaptation of crop varieties have not been systematically described.Here,combining daylength-sensing data with the cropping system of elite rice and maize varieties,we found that varieties with gradual daylength sensing coupled with optimum cropping modes have an enhanced capacity for multi-latitude adaptation in China.Furthermore,this multi-latitude adaptation expanded their planting areas and indirectly improved China’s nationwide rice and maize unit yield.Thus,coupling the daylength-sensing process with optimum cropping modes to enhance latitude adaptability of excellent varieties represents an exciting approach for deploying crop varieties with the potential to expand their planting areas and quickly improve nationwide crop unit yield in developing countries. | Xiaoying Wang Jiupan Han Rui Li Leilei Qiu Cheng Zhang Ming Lu Rongyu Huang Xiangfeng Wang Jianfu Zhang Huaan Xie Shigui Li Xi Huang Xinhao Ouyang | 2023 | Plant Communications2023，4，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Prognostic value of the D‐dimer test in oesophageal cancer during the perioperative period显示文摘 | Dongmei Diao Kun Zhu Zhe Wang Yao Cheng Kang Li Leilei Pei Chengxue Dang | 2013 | J Surg Oncol2013，，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Integration-centric approach to system readiness assessment based on evidential reasoning显示文摘An integration-centric approach is proposed to handle inadequate information in the system readiness level (SRL) assessment using the evidential reasoning (ER) algorithm. Current SRL assessment approaches cannot be applied to handle inadequate information as the input. The ER-based approach is proposed to synthesize inadequate input information and an integration-centric perspective is applied to reduce the computational complexity. Two case studies are performed to validate the efficiency of the proposed approach. And these studies are also performed to study how the inadequate information will affect the assessment result. And the differences caused by the system's structure. The importance of the system's structure in the SRL assessment is demonstrated and the contributions made in this study are summarized as conclusions. | Leilei Chang Mengjun Li Ben Cheng Ping Zeng | 2012 | Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics2012，23，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Machine Learning Enhanced Boundary Element Method:Prediction of Gaussian Quadrature Points显示文摘This paper applies a machine learning technique to find a general and efficient numerical integration scheme for boundary element methods.A model based on the neural network multi-classification algorithmis constructed to find the minimum number of Gaussian quadrature points satisfying the given accuracy.The constructed model is trained by using a large amount of data calculated in the traditional boundary element method and the optimal network architecture is selected.The two-dimensional potential problem of a circular structure is tested and analyzed based on the determined model,and the accuracy of the model is about 90%.Finally,by incorporating the predicted Gaussian quadrature points into the boundary element analysis,we find that the numerical solution and the analytical solution are in good agreement,which verifies the robustness of the proposed method. | Ruhui Cheng Xiaomeng Yin Leilei Chen | 2022 | Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences2022，，4： | 1 |
| 13 | An annually laminated stalagmite from the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau provides evidence of climate instability during the early MIS5e in the Asian summer monsoon显示文摘The Marine Isotope Stage(MIS5e)is characterized by a warmer climate than that of the pre-industrial period,and serves as an analog for the Current Warm Period(CWP).However,uncertainties persist regarding its climatic stability.Here,we retrieved a stalagmite(WXB075)from Wanxiang Cave in the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,and employed abs-olute^(230)Th dating and relative annual layer data to establish a high-precision chronological framework for reconstructing the history of the Asian summer monsoon(ASM)and environmental evolution during early MIS5e with multiple proxies.The findings indicate that the annually laminated stalagmite was formed during Cooling Event 27(C27).The deposition of WXB075 experienced a hiatus(~125.58 ka BP)due to a significant cooling event in the North Atlantic,which may be linked to the unstable climate in the Northern Hemisphere.Additionally,the impact of meltwater discharge in high northern latitudes results in a two-phase evolution of the ASM,i.e.,an initial weaker stage followed by a gradual increase(with exception of deposition hiatus).The climatic instability of ASM is generally characterized by a quasi-60 year cycle that affects vegetation conditions,biological productivity,and karst hydroclimate dynamics.However,the increase in meltwater and decrease in temperature in the Northern Hemisphere have led to a weakened ASM and subsequent reduction in precipitation.Consequently,vegetation degradation above the cave has occurred along with a slowdown of karst hydroclimate.The vegetation conditions,organic matter content,and wet/drought of the karst hydroclimate were affected by both the large-scale monsoon circulation and local environment during extreme weakening(strengthening)of the monsoon when high-frequency climatic events of ASM occurred.A comparison ofδ^(18)O records between early MIS5e and the past 2000 years reveals that the climate during early MIS5e differed significantly from that of CWP,Medieval Warm Period(MWP),and Dark Age Cold Period(DACP)but was similar to Little Ice Age(LIA).Comparison with other geological records from the Northern Hemisphere indicates that climate instability was a widespread phenomenon during MIS5e.The power spectrum analysis of WXB075δ^(18)O reveals significant quasi-60 and 35 a cycles during the early MIS5e,which is consistent with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation(AMO).The comprehensive results demonstrate that the ASM in the early MIS5e was closely linked to solar activity,Intertropical Convergence Zone(ITCZ)position,and Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation(AMOC). | Tao GAO Pingzhong ZHANG Hai CHENG Leilei ZHANG Xinhu LI Hongyu SHI Wei JIA Youfeng NING Hanying LI R.Lawrence EDWARDS | 2023 | Science China Earth Sciences2023，66，5： | 0 |
| 14 | A Highly Efficient Ni/Al_(2)O_(3)-LaO_(x) Catalyst for the Reductive Amination of Furfural to Furfurylamine:the Promoting Effect of La显示文摘The reductive amination of furfural to furfurylamine is an important and still challenging topic in the field of biomass conversion. In this work, we prepared a series of Ni/Al_(2)O_(3)-LaO_(x) catalysts by co-precipitation method, the role of La played in promoting the catalytic performances of reductive amination furfural was discussed based on the changes in the electronic state of Ni species, acidity, and Ni particle size. The catalytic activity and the selectivity of furfurylamine are highly dependent on the surface properties and the structure of the catalyst. The addition of La promoted the amount of strong acidic sites and the H2dissociation and spillover on the surface, thus inducing the improvement of the catalytic activity and furfurylamine selectivity. The Ni/Al_(2)O_(3)-0.5LaO_(x)catalyst with suitable acid sites gave a high yield of furfurylamine (94.9%) under mild reaction conditions. Moreover, the catalyst could be recycled five times without significant loss in activity. The Ni/Al_(2)O_(3)-LaO_(x) catalyst is of great promise in the production of amines via reductive amination reaction. | YANG Yinze ZHANG Liyan ZHOU Leilei CHENG Haiyang ZHAO Fengyu | 2024 | Chemical Research in Chinese Universities2024，40，1： | 0 |
| 15 | Study on the Agricultural Fuel Consumption Subsidy Policy for Wheat Straw Low Stubble——Taking the Investigation of Wheat Combine Harvester as an Example in Xushui District of Hebei Province显示文摘With the improvement of agricultural mechanization equipment levels, the mechanized wheat harvesting level has been above 80% and the rate of wheat straw returned has increased significantly in the main wheat production of wheat of northern countryside in China. Chinese government popularized the beneficial agronomic measures in the process of wheat straw returned field by mechanization. The agronomic measure was reducing the wheat straw stubble height(WSSH) not more than 20 cm.However, local government didn't apply and disseminate the measure, because in practice the cost of fuel consumption was high, and the operation time of harvesting was longer than ever. The machinery operators and farmers needed to support extra fuel cost and time if they took government's advice. In fact, the objective subsidy policy of fuel cost on reducing WSSH was not been formulated by all levels of government. Therefore, the set of agronomic measure couldn't be popularized in main wheat production area of North China. Our research addressed to master the changing feature of fuel cost and mechanical efficiency,seeking suitable subsidy standard, providing some useful and constructive suggestions to improve subsidy policy of fuel consumption cost for national government department. The study carried out the tracking experiments of the operation efficiency and fuel costs of farm harvester in the situation of different WSSH in 2010 in Xushui District of Hebei Province. In conclusion, the operation time of harvesting decline and machinery fuel consumption cost increased along with the decreasing of WSSH. First for the older harvester, the operation efficiency would decline by 18.7% when the WSSH changed from 20 cm to 10 cm, the cost would increase 4.7%, exact cost was 152.2CNY per hectare. For the new harvester, the operation efficiency would decline by 39.9% when the WSSH changed from 20 cm to 15 cm, the cost would increase 4.6%, exact cost was 368.4CNY per hectare. We provided about 375 CNY per hectare to the mechanical operators and farmer who attended this project, and they were willing to accept the subsidies. We also put forwards some policy suggestions on promoting agronomic measures of reducing WSSH including strengthen the construction of agricultural machinery service system, practise a special fuel consumption subsidies of agricultural machinery and open up new paths for combine sales and circulation. | Ying ZHOU Qingbo ZHOU Shouwen GAN Leilei CHENG | 2017 | Agricultural Science & Technology2017，18，8： | 0 |
| 16 | Comparing T-and B-cell responses to COVID-19 vaccines across varied immune backgrounds显示文摘The emergence of adapted variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has led to a surge in breakthrough infections worldwide.A recent analysis of immune responses in people who received inactivated vaccines has revealed that individuals with no prior infection have limited resistance to Omicron and its sub-lineages,while those with previous infections exhibit a significant amount of neutralizing antibodies and memory B cells.However,specific T-cell responses remain largely unaffected by the mutations,indicating that T-cell-mediated cellular immunity can still provide protection.Moreover,the administration of a third dose of vaccine has resulted in a marked increase in the spectrum and duration of neutralizing antibodies and memory B cells in vivo,which has enhanced resistance to emerging variants such as BA.2.75 and BA.2.12.1.These results highlight the need to consider booster immunization for previously infected individuals and the development of novel vaccination strategies.The rapid spread of adapted variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus presents a significant challenge to global health.The findings from this study underscore the importance of tailoring vaccination strategies based on individual immune backgrounds and the potential need for booster shots to combat emerging variants.Continued research and development are crucial to discovering new immunization strategies that will effectively protect public health against the evolving virus. | Zhen Cui Wenxin Luo Ruihong Chen Yalun Li Zhoufeng Wang Yong Liu Shuo Liu LeiLei Feng Zijing Jia Ruixin Cheng Jun Tang Weijin Huang Yanjun Zhang Huawen Liu Xiangxi Wang Weimin Li | 2023 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2023，8，6： | 0 |
| 17 | Value and Measures of Integrating Local Red Culture into the Ideological and Political Course of Environmental Disciplines under the OBE Concept显示文摘Based on output-oriented education,the OBE(Outcome-Based Education)concept integrates local red culture into the ideological and political course of environmental disciplines,and is an important part of training applied talents of environmental disciplines in the new era.This educational model makes an innovation on the traditional educational and teaching concepts and centers on students.This paper analyzes the value of integrating local red culture into the ideological and political course under the OBE concept,and puts forward an effective implementation path. | Xiong YAN Wenzhao LI Shenwen CAI Bailian XIONG Liumei CHEN Junwei CHENG Qinghe WANG Leilei FAN | 2024 | Asian Agricultural Research2024，16，2： | 0 |
| 18 | Release and sedimentation behaviors of biochar colloids in soil solutions显示文摘The release of biochar colloids considerably affects the stability of biochar in environment.Currently,information on the release behavior and suspension stability of biochar colloids in real soil solutions is scarce.In this study,20 soils were collected from different districts in China and the release behavior of biochar colloids and their suspension stability in soil solutions were systematically examined.The results showed that both pyrolysis temperature and biomass source had important effects on the formation of biochar colloids in soil solutions.The formation amount of biochar colloids from low pyrolysis temperatures(400℃)(average amount of 9.33-16.41 mg/g)were significantly higher than those from high pyrolysis temperatures(700℃)(average amount of less than 2 mg/g).The formation amount of wheat straw-derived biochar colloids were higher than those of rice straw-derived biochar colloids probably due to the higher O/C ratio in wheat-straw biochar.Further,biochar colloidal formation amount was negatively correlated with comprehensive effect of dissolved organic carbon,Fe and Al in soil solutions.The sedimentation curve of biochar colloids in soil solutions is well described by an exponential model and demonstrated high suspension stability.Around 40%of the biochar colloids were maintained in the suspension at the final sedimentation equilibrium.The settling efficiency of biochar colloids was positively correlated with comprehensive effect of the ionic strength and K,Ca,Na,and Mg contents in soil solutions.Our findings help promote a deeper understanding of biochar loss and stability in the soil-water environment. | Qingkang Meng Liang Jin Leilei Cheng Jing Fang Daohui Lin | 2021 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2021，33，2： | 0 |
| 19 | A simple practical balloon anchoring technique within the guide catheter for chronic total occlusion (CTO) of the coronary artery显示文摘Dear Editor:Chronic total occlusions(CTOs)of the coronary artery are commonly encountered complex lesions^([1]).Percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)for CTO is technically challenging due to low procedural success rates^([2]).Microcatheter is one of the important devices for treatment of CTO^([3]).It has been widely used attributed to the excellent crossability whenever angulation and tortuousity of the coronary artery is encountered^([4]).In the process,the microcatheter has to | Leilei Chen Yi Cheng Yang Yang Zhen Zhang Dingguo Zhang Liansheng Wang | 2015 | The Journal of Biomedical Research2015，29，5： | 0 |
| 20 | The miR-21-5p enriched in the apoptotic bodies of M2 macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles alleviates osteoarthritis by changing macrophage phenotype显示文摘Macrophages (Mφs) play a crucial role in the pathological progression of osteoarthritis (OA) by regulating inflammation and tissue repair. Decreasing pro-inflammatory M1-Mφs and increasing anti-inflammatory M2-Mφs can alleviate OA-related inflammation and promote cartilage repair. Apoptosis is a natural process associated with tissue repair. A large number of apoptotic bodies (ABs), a type of extracellular vesicle, are produced during apoptosis, and this is associated with a reduction in inflammation. However, the functions of apoptotic bodies remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of M2-Mφs-derived apoptotic bodies (M2-ABs) in regulating the M1/M2 balance of macrophages in a mouse model of OA. Our data show that M2-ABs can be targeted for uptake by M1-Mφs, and this reprograms M1-to-M2 phenotypes within 24 h. The M2-ABs significantly ameliorated the severity of OA, alleviated the M1-mediated pro-inflammatory environment, and inhibited chondrocyte apoptosis in mice. RNA-seq revealed that M2-ABs were enriched with miR-21–5p, a microRNA that is negatively correlated with articular cartilage degeneration. Inhibiting the function of miR-21–5p in M1-Mφs significantly reduced M2-ABs-guided M1-to-M2 reprogramming following in vitro cell transfection. Together, these results suggest that M2-derived apoptotic bodies can prevent articular cartilage damage and improve gait abnormalities in OA mice by reversing the inflammatory response caused by M1 macrophages. The mechanism underlying these findings may be related to miR-21-5p-regulated inhibition of inflammatory factors. The application of M2-ABs may represent a novel cell therapy, and could provide a valuable strategy for the treatment of OA and/or chronic inflammation. | Leilei Qin Jianye Yang Xudong Su Xilan li Yiting Lei Lili Dong Hong Chen Cheng Chen Chen Zhao Huan Zhang Jun Deng Ning Hu Wei Huang | 2023 | Genes & Diseases2023，10，3： | 0 |
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