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| 1 | Subcurative radiation significantly increases cell proliferation, invasion, and migration of primary glioblastoma multiforme in vivo显示文摘Tumor cell proliferation, infiltration, migration, and neovascularization are known causes of treatment resistance in glioblastoma multiforme(GBM). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of radiation on the growth characteristics of primary human GBM developed in a nude rat. Primary GBM cells grown from explanted GBM tissues were implanted orthotopically in nude rats. Tumor growth was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging on day 77(baseline) after implantation. The rats underwent irradiation to a dose of 50 Gy delivered subcuratively on day 84 postimplantation(n = 8), or underwent no radiation(n = 8). Brain tissues were obtained on day 112(nonirradiated) or day 133(irradiated). Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine tumor cell proliferation(Ki-67) and to assess the expression of infiltration marker(matrix metalloproteinase-2, MMP-2) and cell migration marker(CD44). Tumor neovascularization was assessed by microvessel density using von-Willebrand factor(vWF) staining. Magnetic resonance imaging showed well-developed, infiltrative tumors in 11 weeks postimplantation. The proportion of Ki-67-positive cells in tumors undergoing radiation was(71 ± 15)% compared with(25 ± 12)% in the nonirradiated group(P = 0.02). The number of MMP-2-positive areas and proportion of CD44-positive cells were also high in tumors receiving radiation, indicating great invasion and infiltration. Microvessel density analysis did not show a significant difference between nonirradiated and irradiated tumors. Taken together, we found that subcurative radiation significantly increased proliferation, invasion, and migration of primary GBM. Our study provides insights into possible mechanisms of treatment resistance following radiation therapy for GBM. | Adarsh Shankar Sanath Kumar Asm Iskander Nadimpalli RS Varma Branislava Janic Ana deCarvalho Tom Mikkelsen Joseph A Frank Meser M Ali Robert A Knight Stephen Brown Ali S Arbab | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2014，33，3： | 5 |
| 2 | Possible transmission of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by blood transfusion显示文摘 | Lhwelyn CA Hewitt PE Knight RS | 2004 | Lancet2004，363，9407： | 1 |
| 3 | The ultrasound-guided 'peripheral 显示文摘 | Teismann NA Knight RS Rehrer M | 2013 | J Emerg Med2013，44，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Glycosaminoglycan composition of uninjured skin and of scar tissne in fetal, newborn and adult sheep显示文摘 | KNIGHT KR HORNE RS LEPORE DA | 1994 | Research in Experimental Medicine1994，194，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Apolipoprotein E and other eerebrospinal fluid proteins differentiate ante mortem variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from ante mortem sporadic Creutzfeldt - Jakob disease 显示文摘 | Choe LH Green A Knight RS | 2002 | Electrophoresis2002，23，14： | 1 |
| 6 | Possible trans-mission of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by blood transfu sion显示文摘 | Llewelyn CA Hewitt PE Knight RS | 2004 | Lancet2004，363，9407： | 1 |
| 7 | Apolipop rotein E and other cerebrospinal fluid proteins different iate ante mortem variant Creu-tzfeldt-Jakob disease from ante mortem sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakobdisease显示文摘 | CHOE LH GREEN A KNIGHT RS | 2002 | Electrophoresis2002，23，14： | 1 |
| 8 | Influence of the home environment on the development of obesity in children显示文摘 | Strauss RS Knight J | | 0，，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Glycosaminoglycan composition of uninjured skin and of scar tissue in fetal, newborn and adult sheep显示文摘 | Knight KR Horne RS Lepore DA | 1994 | Res Exp Med (Berl)1994，194，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Possible transmission of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by blood transfusion显示文摘 | Llewelyn CA Hewitt PE Knight RS | 2004 | Lancet2004，363，9407： | 1 |
| 11 | Apolipoprotein E and other cerebrospinal fluid proteins differentiate ante mortem variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from ante mortem sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease显示文摘 | Choe LH Green A Knight RS | 2002 | Electrophoresis2002，23，14： | 1 |
| 12 | Apolipoprotein E and other cerebrospinal fluid proteins differentiate ante mortem variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from ante mortem sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease显示文摘 | Choe LH Green A Knight RS | 2002 | Electrophoresis2002，23，14： | 1 |
| 13 | First hundred cases of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease:retrospective case note review of early psychiatric and neurological features显示文摘 | Spencer MD Knight RS Will RG | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Possible transmission of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by blood transfusion 显示文摘 | Llewelyn CA Hewitt PE Knight RS | 2004 | Lancet2004，363，9407： | 1 |
| 15 | Esophageal dysmotility as an important co-factor in extraesophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux 显示文摘 | Knight RE Wells JR Parrish RS | 2000 | Laryngoscope2000，110，9： | 1 |
| 16 | Possible transmis- sion of variant Creutzfeldt- Jakob disease by blood transfusion 显示文摘 | LLEWELYN CA HEWITF PE KNIGHT RS | 2004 | Lancet2004，363，： | 1 |
| 17 | Possible transmission of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by blood transfusion显示文摘 | Lewelyn CA Hewitt PE Knight RS | 2004 | Lancet2004，363，： | 1 |
| 18 | Prion diseases显示文摘 | Knight RS Will RG | 2004 | J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry2004，75，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Inter-relationships between type,size and color of fruits and dispersal in Southern African trees显示文摘 | Knight RS Siegfried WR 1983 | 1983 | Oecologia1983，56，： | 1 |
| 20 | High fat diet determines the composition of the murine gut microbiome independently of obesity显示文摘 | Hildebrandt MA Hoffman C Sherrill-Mix SA Keilbaugh SA Hamady M Chen YY Knight R Ahima RS Bushman F Wu GD | | 0，，5： | 1 |
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