| 4 | Factors related to compliance with the COVID-19 health regulations among young people显示文摘The coronavirus pandemic has affected all facets of our lives and all ages and social strata worldwide.Measures have been taken to protect against the spread of the virus,such as more rigorous hand hygiene,the use of face masks and social distancing.However,the focus has often been on young people,who have been seen as a group lacking sufficient respect for government-imposed measures.This review outlines the preventive measures that have been taken in different countries and discusses their specific impact on young people and adolescents,taking into account the developmental stage and concrete needs of this age group.It summarizes those studies that have provided information on compliance with preventive measures by young people and adolescents,concluding that although compliance levels among this age group are lower than among older adults,the general view of youths as non-compliant is not consistent with real,objective data.The review also summarizes different views regarding the possible reasons for this lower level of compliance,taking into account both social(gender and age)and personal factors(personality,empathy,prosociality,self-control,cognitive styles and motivations),and discusses the practical implications of these findings for the future. | Joana Jaureguizar Iratxe Redondo Nuria Galende Naiara Ozamiz | 2021 | World Journal of Psychiatry2021，11，12： | 0 |
| 5 | Liver steatosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with methotrexate is associated with body mass index显示文摘BACKGROUND Methotrexate(MTX)is the usual first-line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Long-term use of MTX has been associated with liver steatosis(LS)and liver fibrosis(LF).AIM To determine if LS in patients treated with MTX for RA is associated with MTX cumulative dose(MTX-CD),metabolic syndrome(Mt S),body mass index(BMI),the male sex,or LF.METHODS A single-center,prospective study of patients receiving MTX for RA was performed from February 2019 to February 2020.The inclusion criteria were patients aged 18 years or older diagnosed with RA by a rheumatologist and being treated with MTX(without limitation on the duration of treatment).The exclusion criteria were previous diagnosis of liver disease(hepatitis B or C virus infection,known nonalcoholic fatty liver disease),alcohol consumption greater than 60 g/d in males or 40 g/d in females,human immunodeficiency virus infection on antiretroviral therapy,diabetes mellitus,chronic renal failure,congestive heart failure,or BMI greater than 30 kg/m^(2).Patients receiving leflunomide in the 3 years prior to the study were also excluded.Transient elastography(Fibro Scan,Echosens?,Paris,France)was used for fibrosis determination(LF>7 Kp A)and computer attenuation parameter(CAP)for LS(CAP>248 d B/m).Demographic variables,laboratory data,MTX-CD(>4000 mg),Mt S criteria,BMI(>25),transient elastography,and CAP scores were collected from all patients.RESULTS Fifty-nine patients were included.Forty-three were female(72.88%),and the mean age was 61.52 years(standard deviation:11.73).When we compared MTX-CD≤4000 mg(26 patients;14 with LS and 12 without)with>4000 mg(33 patients;12 with LS and 21 without),no statistical differences were found(P=0.179).We compared CAP scores stratified by Mt S,BMI,sex,and LF.There were no significant differences in CAP scores based on the presence of Mt S[CAP/Mt S:50 no Mt S(84.75%);9 Mt S(15.25%);P=0.138],the male sex(CAP/sex:8 male/18 female LS;8 male/25 female no LS;P=0.576),or LF[CAP/fibrosis:53 no LF(89.83%);6 LF(10.17%);P=0.239].LS determined by CAP was significantly associated with BMI>25(CAP/BMI:22 BMI≤25(37.29%);37 BMI>25(62.71%);P=0.002].CONCLUSION LS in patients with RA treated with MTX was not associated with MTX-CD,LF,the male sex,or Mt S.However,BMI was significantly related to LS in these patients. | Agustin Castiella Luis Lopez-Dominguez Maria J Sanchez-Iturri Iratxe Urreta Andrea De Diego Joaquin Belzunegui Eva Zapata | 2023 | World Journal of Hepatology2023，15，5： | 0 |
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