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| 1 | IDH突变的弥漫性和间变性星形细胞瘤具有相同的发病年龄和极小的生存期差异:一个WHO分级的问题显示文摘WHO(2007)中枢神经系统肿瘤分类中列出WHOⅡ级的弥漫性星形细胞瘤(A Ⅱ WHO 2007)和WHOⅢ级的间变性星形细胞瘤( AA Ⅲ WHO 2007)之间的区别。 A Ⅱ WHO (2007)的患者与AA Ⅲ WHO (2007)的患者相比显著年轻、生存期明显较长。迄今为主,分级和分类仅仅依靠形态学而未考虑IDH这一预后相关分子标记的状态。作者发现,对于IDH突变的星形细胞瘤而言,WHO(2007)的分级系统对预后的提示意义较差。检测来自3个独立的病例系列共1360例成人弥漫性星形细胞肿瘤的年龄分布和生存时间,其中包括683例Ⅱ级IDH突变型星形细胞瘤( A Ⅱ IDHmut)、562例IDH突变型的间变性星形细胞瘤( AA Ⅲ IDHmut)和115例IDH 突变的胶质母细胞瘤( GBM IDHmut )。 A ⅡIDHmut和 AA Ⅲ IDHmut的患者显示具有相同的发病年龄(36~37岁),而两级别之间的生存时间差异小于 WHO (2007)的报道(A Ⅱ IDHmut 中位生存时间为10.9年,AAⅢIDHmut为9.3年)。作者分析提示AⅡWHO2007与AAⅢ WHO2007年龄分布和生存时间的差异主要取决于 IDH非突变型肿瘤所占的比例。这些数据结果对目前实行的星形细胞瘤分级和危险分层提出了重大挑战,并可能对 IDH突变型星形细胞瘤的治疗管理产生深远的影响。 | David E Yasin M Daniel S 李晓玲 王行富 | 2015 | 临床与实验病理学杂志2015，31，7： | 17 |
| 2 | Significant association between ABO blood group and pancreatic cancer显示文摘AIM:To evaluate whether the ABO blood group is related to pancreatic cancer risk in the general population of the United States.METHODS:Using the University of Pittsburgh's clinicalpancreatic cancer registry,the blood donor database from our local blood bank (Central Blood Bank),and the blood product recipient database from the regional transfusion service (Centralized Transfusion Service) in Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,we identified 274 pancreatic cancer patients with previously determined serological ABO blood group information.The ABO blood group frequency was compared between these patients and 708842 individual,community-based blood donors who had made donations to Pittsburgh's Central Blood Bank between 1979 and 2009.RESULTS:The frequency of blood group A was statistically significantly higher amongst pancreatic cancer patients compared to its frequency amongst the regional blood donors [47.63% vs 39.10%,odds ratio (OR)=1.43,P=0.004].Conversely,the frequency of blood group O was significantly lower amongst pancreatic cancer patients relative to the community blood donors (32.12% vs 43.99%,OR=0.60,P=0.00007).There were limited blood group B (n=38) and AB (n=17) pancreatic cancer patients;the overall P trend value comparing patient to donor blood groups was 0.001.CONCLUSION:The ABO blood group is associated with pancreatic cancer risk.Future studies should examine the mechanism linking pancreatic cancer risk to ABO blood group. | Julia B Greer Mark H Yazer Jay S Raval M Michael Barmada Randall E Brand David C Whitcomb | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，44： | 10 |
| 3 | Two quantitative trait loci, Dw1 and Dw2, are primarily responsible for rootstock-induced dwarfing in apple显示文摘The apple dwarfing rootstock‘Malling9’(‘M9’)has been used worldwide both to reduce scion vigour and as a genetic source for breeding new rootstocks.Progeny of‘M9’segregate for rootstock-induced dwarfing of the scion,indicating that this trait is controlled by one or more genetic factors.A quantitative trait locus(QTL)analysis of a rootstock population derived from the cross between‘M9’בRobusta5’(non-dwarfing)and grafted with‘Braeburn’scions identified a major QTL(Dw1)on linkage group(LG)5,which exhibits a significant influence on dwarfing of the scion.A smaller-effect QTL affecting dwarfing(Dw2)was identified on LG11,and four minor-effect QTLs were found on LG6,LG9,LG10 and LG12.Phenotypic analysis indicates that the combination of Dw1 and Dw2 has the strongest influence on rootstock-induced dwarfing,and that Dw1 has a stronger effect than Dw2.Genetic markers linked to Dw1 and Dw2 were screened over 41 rootstock accessions that confer a range of effects on scion growth.The majority of the dwarfing and semi-dwarfing rootstock accessions screened carried marker alleles linked to Dw1 and Dw2.This suggests that most apple dwarfing rootstocks have been derived from the same genetic source. | Toshi M Foster Jean-Marc Celton David Chagné D Stuart Tustin Susan E Gardiner | 2015 | Horticulture Research2015，2，1： | 10 |
| 4 | 牧草如何生长——植物生长与放牧管理之关联(英文)显示文摘适当管理饲料饲草资源的基本原则是理解多年生牧草如何生长。长期以来 ,对根系生长有了基本的了解 ,对去叶和环境对根系生长的影响也知之甚多。然而 ,对去叶、干旱及其他环境因素对多年生牧草的影响以及这些牧草对去叶的反应缺乏应有的理解。从牧草返青到开花 ,植物处于短枝阶段 ,适度放牧并不对多年生牧草的健康和活力造成危害 ,因为植物会弥补其失去的叶片。然而 ,当牧草从短枝向长枝阶段 (节间伸长和开花期 )转移时 ,碳水化合物主要用于节间伸长和开花过程。在开花后和休眠前期 ,碳水化合物主要向茎基和植物基部转移 ,以供来年新枝条的发育。因此 ,在花后和休眠前期 ,放牧系统必须被调节到“无放牧”状态。“无放牧”状态 ,如休息、轮牧、延迟轮牧和快速轮牧制 ,其价值在于这种定期的禁牧可提高多年生牧草的活力 ,改善草地的健康状况 ,并且在不利的环境条件下 。 | Ronald E Sosebee David B Wester J Carlos Villalobos Carlton M Britton Changgui Wan Hisham Nofal | 2005 | 草业学报2005，14，1： | 8 |
| 5 | 内镜下射频消融术治疗范围广泛的0-Ⅱb型早期食管鳞状细胞癌及癌前病变的临床效果显示文摘目的探讨内镜下应用HALO射频消融系统(Radiofrequency Ablation,RFA)治疗范围广泛的早期表浅平坦型(0-Ⅱb)食管鳞状细胞癌及癌前病变的治疗效果。方法对中国医学科学院肿瘤医院自2008年10月至2011年6月应用HALO射频消融系统治疗的33例早期食管鳞状细胞癌(early esophageal squamous cell cancer,EESCC)、重度不典型增生(high grade dysplasia,HGD)及中度不典型增生(middle grade dysplasia,MGD)患者的临床资料进行分析,观察治疗后1年病变组织学上完全缓解率(CR)及并发症情况。结果33例患者中,男26例,女7例,年龄平均61岁,MGD10例,HGD17例,EESCC6例,病变长度3~12(平均7.9)cm,治疗区域长度5~14(平均9.9)cm,累及食管周径平均11/12周。33例患者首次治疗手术时间11~57(平均30)min,平均住院时间3天。首次治疗后3个月内镜随访CR达69.7%(23/33),随访期间追加治疗1—4(平均2.7)次,12个月内镜随访时CR达93.9%(31/33)。4例(12%)术后出现重度狭窄,行内镜下水囊扩张术3—12(平均7)次,扩张后均缓解。无其他并发症发生。结论RFA治疗范围广泛的0-Ⅱb型早期食管鳞状细胞癌和癌前病变是安全的、有效的且是一项对于操作者技术要求较低的技术,扩大了内镜微创治疗的适应证。 | 张月明 贺舜 吕宁 薛丽燕 David E Fleischer Bas Weusten Sanford M Dawsey 窦利州 Jacques JGHM Bergman 王贵齐 | 2015 | 中华消化内镜杂志2015，32，9： | 8 |
| 6 | 内镜下射频消融术联合内镜黏膜切除术治疗大面积非表浅平坦型早期食管鳞状细胞癌和癌前病变疗效初探显示文摘目的:探讨内镜下联合应用射频消融系统(RFA)和内镜下黏膜切除术治疗范围广泛的非表浅平坦型早期食管鳞状细胞癌及癌前病变的治疗效果。方法北京协和医学院中国医学科学院肿瘤医院内镜科于2010年1月对经活检病理确诊的2例鳞状细胞癌、1例鳞状上皮中度不典型增生(MGIN)和1例鳞状上皮重度不典型增生(HGIN)患者予以内镜下RFA术联合内镜黏膜切除术治疗,总结分析术中、术后和随访情况。结果4例患者均顺利完成治疗,其中RFA时间为3~12(8.3) min,内镜下黏膜切除术时间6~20(10.3) min;所有病例均无出血和穿孔的发生。2例鳞状细胞癌患者病变长度分别为12和8 cm,非表浅平坦性病变长度分别为3和4 cm;MGIN患者的病变长度6 cm ,非表浅平坦性病变长度2 cm;HGIN患者的病变长度12 cm ,非表浅平坦型病变长度1 cm;术后病理与术前活检病理一致。4例术后均出现狭窄,其中2例为轻度狭窄,未予处理;2例为重度狭窄,行内镜下水囊扩张术均缓解。平均住院时间3d。3例经过3月及1年以上随访,治疗区域活检病理均达到完全缓解;余1例术后3月复查可见散在的碘染色阳性灶,活检病理为HGIN,分别追加RFA治疗后达到完全缓解。结论 RFA联合内镜下黏膜切除术治疗大面积非表浅平坦型早期食管鳞状细胞癌和癌前病变是安全有效的。 | 张月明 JacquesJGHMBergman 薛丽燕 贺舜 吕宁 David E Fleischer Bas Weusten Sanford M Dawsey 窦利州 王贵齐 | 2015 | 中华胃肠外科杂志2015，18，9： | 7 |
| 7 | Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Patient-Centered Approach: Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)显示文摘 | Inzucchi Silvio E Bergenstal Richard M Buse John B Diamant Michaela Ferrannini Ele Nauck Michael Peters Anne L Tsapas Apostolos Wender Richard Matthews David R | 2012 | EN2012，，3： | 6 |
| 8 | Less common etiologies of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency显示文摘Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency(EPI), an important cause of maldigestion and malabsorption, results from primary pancreatic diseases or secondarily impaired exocrine pancreatic function. Besides cystic fibrosis and chronic pancreatitis, the most common etiologies of EPI, other causes of EPI include unresectable pancreatic cancer, metabolic diseases(diabetes); impaired hormonal stimulation of exocrine pancreatic secretion by cholecystokinin(CCK); celiac or inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) due to loss of intestinal brush border proteins; and gastrointestinal surgery(asynchrony between motor and secretory functions, impaired enteropancreatic feedback, and inadequate mixing of pancreatic secretions with food). This paper reviews such conditions that have less straightforward associations with EPI and examines the role of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy(PERT). Relevant literature was identified by database searches. Most patients with inoperable pancreatic cancer develop EPI(66%-92%). EPI occurs in patients with type 1(26%-57%) or type 2 diabetes(20%-36%) and is typically mild to moderate; by definition, all patients with type 3 c(pancreatogenic) diabetes have EPI. EPI occurs in untreated celiac disease(4%-80%), but typically resolves on a gluten-free diet. EPI manifests in patients with IBD(14%-74%) and up to 100% of gastrointestinal surgery patients(47%-100%; dependent on surgical site). With the paucity of published studies on PERT use for these conditions, recommendations for or against PERT use remain ambiguous. The authors conclude that there is an urgent need to conduct robust clinical studies to understand the validity and nature of associations between EPI and medical conditions beyond those with proven mechanisms, and examine the potential role for PERT. | Vikesh K Singh Mark E Haupt David E Geller Jerry A Hall Pedro M Quintana Diez | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，39： | 5 |
| 9 | Risk of colon cancer in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer patients as predicted by fuzzy modeling:Influence of smoking显示文摘瞄准:为了调查一个模糊逻辑模型是否能预言肤色,表面的癌症(CRC ) 风险由在世袭 non-polyposis 肤色吸表面的癌症(HNPCC ) 病人产生了。方法:从 Creighton 大学世袭癌症研究所登记的 340 个 HNPCC 失配修理(MMR ) 变化搬运人为当模特儿被选择。年龄依赖者曲线被产生阐明开发 CRC 的概率上的在基因变化(hMLH1 或 hMSH2 ) 之间的联合效果,性,和吸烟地位。结果:在男 hMSH2 变化搬运人的吸烟显著地增加的 CRC 风险(P <
0.05 ) 。hMLH1 变化为男性相对 hMSH2 变化搬运人扩充了 CRC 风险(P <
0.05 ) 。男性们非为 hMLH1 比女性有 CRC 的显著地更高的风险吸烟者(P <
0.05 ) , hMLH1 吸烟者(P <
0.1 ) 并且 hMSH2 吸烟者(P <
0.1 ) 。以在在男性的 hMSH2 的一种剂量依赖者方式的吸烟支持的 CRC (P <
0.05 ) 。有 hMSH2 变化的女性和与 hMLH1 组一起的两性仅仅在广泛的吸烟历史以后表明了吸烟效果(P <
0.05 ) 。结论:由在 HNPCC 病人吸烟的 CRC 提升依赖于基因变化,性和年龄。这些数据证明模糊建模可以启用临床的风险分数的明确的表达,从而允许 CRC 预防策略的 individualization。 | Rhonda M Brand David D Jones Henry T Lynch Randall E Brand Patrice Watson Ramesh Ashwathnayaran Hemant K Roy | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，28： | 5 |
| 10 | Identification of pathologic features associated with “ulcerative colitis-like” Crohn's disease显示文摘AIM: To identify pathologic features associated with this 'ulcerative colitis(UC)-like' subgroup of Crohn's disease(CD).METHODS: Seventeen subjects diagnosed as having UC who underwent proctocolectomy(RPC) from 2003-2007 and subsequently developed CD of the ileal pouch were identified. UC was diagnosed based on preoperative clinical, endoscopic, and pathologic studies. Eighteen patients who underwent RPC for UC within the same time period without subsequently developing CD were randomly selected and used as controls. Pathology reports and histological slides were reviewed for a wide range of gross and microscopic pathological features, as well as extent of disease. The demographics, gross description and histopathology of the resection specimens were reviewed and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Patients with 'UC-like' CD were on average 13 years younger than those with 'true' UC(P < 0.01). More severe disease in the proximal involved region and active ileitis with/without architectural distortion were observed in 6 of 17(35%) and 7 of 17(41%) 'UC-like' CD cases, respectively, but in none of the 'true' UC cases(P < 0.05). Active appendicitis occurred in 8 of 16(50%) 'UC-like' CD cases but in only two(11%) 'true' UC cases(P < 0.05). Conspicuous lamina propria neutrophils were more specific for 'UClike' CD(76% vs 22%, P < 0.05). In addition, prominent lymphoid aggregates tended to be more common in 'UC-like' CD(P = 0.07). The 'true' UC group contained a greater number of cases with severe activity(78% vs 47%). Therefore, the features more commonly seen in 'UC-like' CD were not due to a more severe disease process. Crohn's granulomas and transmural inflammation in non-ulcerated areas were absent in both groups.CONCLUSION: More severe disease in the proximal involved region, terminal ileum involvement, active appendicitis, and prominent lamina propria neutrophils may be morphological factors associated with 'UC-like' CD. | Samuel D James Paul E Wise Tania Zuluaga-Toro David A Schwartz M Kay Washington Chanjuan Shi | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，36： | 4 |
| 11 | ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina and non–st-segment elevation myocardial infarction显示文摘 | Eugene Braunwald Elliott M Antman John W Beasley Robert M Califf Melvin D Cheitlin Judith S Hochman Robert H Jones Dean Kereiakes Joel Kupersmith Thomas N Levin Carl J Pepine John W Schaeffer Earl E Smith David E Steward Pierre Theroux Raymond J Gibbons J | 2000 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2000，，3： | 4 |
| 12 | Sofosbuvir with pegylated interferon alfa-2a and ribavirin for treatment-naive patients with hepatitis C genotype-1 infection (ATOMIC): an open-label, randomised, multicentre phase 2 trial显示文摘 | Kris V Kowdley Eric Lawitz Israel Crespo Tarek Hassanein Mitchell N Davis Michael DeMicco David E Bernstein Nezam Afdhal John M Vierling Stuart C Gordon Jane K Anderson Robert H Hyland Hadas Dvory-Sobol Di An Robert G Hindes Efsevia Albanis William T Symo | 2013 | The Lancet2013，，9883： | 3 |
| 13 | Reproducibility of the diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett esophagus: A reaffirmation显示文摘 | Elizabeth Montgomery Mary P Bronner John R Goldblum Joel K Greenson Marian M Haber John Hart Laura W Lamps Gregory Y Lauwers Audrey J Lazenby David N Lewin Marie E Robert Alicia Y Toledano Yu Shyr Kay Washington | 2001 | Human Pathology2001，，4： | 3 |
| 14 | Heat shock protein 90 inhibition by 17-DMAG lessens disease in the MRL/Ipr mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus显示文摘热吃惊蛋白质 90 的提高的表示(HSP90 ) 在全身的豺狼座 erythematosus (SLE ) 的肾和浆液被发现了病人和 MRL/Mp-Fas lpr /Fas lpr (MRL/lpr ) 自体免疫的老鼠。如果 HSP90 的抑制将在 MRL/lpr 老鼠减少疾病,我们调查了。在在 vivo 的 vitro,有在 IL-6 的有免疫力刺激的显示出的减少的表示以前的 HSP90 禁止者 Geldanamycin 的 mesangial 房间的预告的处理, IL-12 和号码,我们发现当与 C57BL/6 相比鼠标和 MRL/lpr 鼠标与 HSP90 禁止者 17-DMAG 对待时, HSP90 表示在 MRL/lpr 肾被提高。与 17-DMAG 对待的 MRL/lpr 老鼠显示出减少的 proteinuria 并且减少了浆液 anti-dsDNA 抗体生产。Glomerulonephritis 和 glomerular IgG 和 C3 没被 17-DMAG 的管理显著地在 MRL/lpr 影响。17-DMAG 增加了 CD8 + T 房间,减少的双 negative T 房间,减少 CD4/CD8 比率和减少的小囊的 B 房间。这些研究建议 HSP90 可以在调整 T 房间区别和激活起一个作用并且 HSP90 抑制可以在豺狼座减少发炎。 | Samuel K Shimp III Cristen B Chafin Nicole L Regna Sarah E Hammond Molly A Read David L Caudell Marissa Nichole Rylander Christopher M Reilly | 2012 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2012，9，3： | 3 |
| 15 | Improved biomass productivity and water use efficiency under water deficit conditions in transgenic wheat constitutively expressing the barley HVA 1 gene显示文摘 | Elumalai Sivamani Ahmed Bahieldin Jon M Wraith Thamir Al-Niemi William E Dyer Tuan-Hua David Ho Rongda Qu | 2000 | Plant Science2000，，1： | 2 |
| 16 | Hepatitis B and C infection and liver disease trends among human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals显示文摘AIM:To examine trends in and correlates of liver disease and viral hepatitis in an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected cohort. METHODS:The multi-site adult/adolescent spectrum of HIV-related diseases (ASD) followed 29 490 HIVinfected individuals receiving medical care in 11 U.S. metropolitan areas for an average of 2.4 years,and a total of 69 487 person-years,between 1998 and 2004. ASD collected data on the presentation,treatment,and outcomes of HIV,including liver disease,hepatitis screening,and hepatitis diagnoses. RESULTS:Incident liver disease,chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV),and hepatitis C virus (HCV) were diagnosed in 0.9,1.8,and 4.7 per 100 person-years. HBV and HCV screening increased from fewer than 20% to over 60% during this period of observation (P < 0.001). Deaths occurred in 57% of those diagnosed with liver disease relative to 15% overall (P < 0.001). Overall 10% of deaths occurred among individuals with a diagnosis of liver disease. Despite care guidelines promoting screening and vaccination for HBV and screening for HCV,screening and vaccination were not universally conducted or,if conducted,not documented. CONCLUSION:Due to high rates of incident liver disease,viral hepatitis screening,vaccination,and treatment among HIV-infected individuals should be a priority. | Susan E Buskin Elizabeth A Barash John D Scott David M Aboulafia Robert W Wood | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，14： | 2 |
| 17 | Comparative effectiveness of axitinib versus sorafenib in advanced renal cell carcinoma (AXIS): a randomised phase 3 trial显示文摘 | Brian I Rini Bernard Escudier Piotr Tomczak Andrey Kaprin Cezary Szczylik Thomas E Hutson M Dror Michaelson Vera A Gorbunova Martin E Gore Igor G Rusakov Sylvie Negrier Yen-Chuan Ou Daniel Castellano Ho Yeong Lim Hirotsugu Uemura Jamal Tarazi David Cella | 2011 | The Lancet . 2011 (9807)2011，，9807： | 2 |
| 18 | Outcomes after arthroscopic repair of rotator cuff tears in the setting of mild to moderate glenohumeral osteoarthritis显示文摘BACKGROUND Rotator cuff pathology is a very common source of shoulder pain.Similarly,osteoarthritis of the glenohumeral joint can cause shoulder pain and produce similar symptoms.Surgical management can be indicated for both pathologies,however,outcomes data is limited when examining rotator cuff repair(RCR) in the setting of glenohumeral arthritis(GHOA).Thus,this study sought to determine outcomes for patients who undergo RCR in the setting of GHOA.AIM To evaluate if a relationship exists between outcomes of RCR in the setting of GHOA.METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with concurrent glenohumeral osteoarthritis between 2010-2017.Patients were stratified based on rotator cuff tear size and glenohumeral osteoarthritis severity.Cohorts were paired 1:1 with patients without glenohumeral osteoarthritis.Patients included had a minimum two year follow-up.Rate of conversion to total shoulder arthroplasty,complication rates following initial surgery,and patient-reported outcome measures were collected.RESULTS A total of 142 patients were included.The number of patients that required total shoulder arthroplasty within two years after index surgery was low.2/71(2.8%) patients with GHOA,and 1/71(1.4%) without GHOA.Following rotator cuff repair,both groups showed favorable patientreported outcomes.CONCLUSION Patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair showed comparable outcomes to patients without glenohumeral osteoarthritis. | Ian S Hong Allison J Rao Tyler L CarlLee Joshua D Meade Daniel J Hurwit Gregory Scarola David P Trofa Shadley C Schiffern Nady Hamid Patrick M Connor James E Fleischli Bryan Michael Saltzman | 2022 | World Journal of Orthopedics2022，13，7： | 2 |
| 19 | Comparative effectiveness of axitinib versus sorafenib in advanced renal cell carcinoma (AXIS): a randomised phase 3 trial显示文摘 | Brian I Rini Bernard Escudier Piotr Tomczak Andrey Kaprin Cezary Szczylik Thomas E Hutson M Dror Michaelson Vera A Gorbunova Martin E Gore Igor G Rusakov Sylvie Negrier Yen-Chuan Ou Daniel Castellano Ho Yeong Lim Hirotsugu Uemura Jamal Tarazi David Cella | 2011 | The Lancet2011，，9807： | 2 |
| 20 | Developing a low-cost milliliter-scale chemostat array for precise control of cellular growth显示文摘 | David Skelding Samuel F M Hart Thejas Vidyasagar Alexander E Pozhitkov Wenying Shou | 2018 | Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China2018，6，2： | 2 |
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