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| 1 | 1990—2017年中国伤害负担:2017年全球疾病负担研究结果(摘译)显示文摘伤害是全球性的公共卫生挑战,涉及各年龄组和不同性别的人群。过去三十年来,中国经济快速发展,人口老龄化趋势加重,社会呈现出城镇化、机动化和老龄化等特征。随着人们生活环境和生活方式的改变,伤害已跃居人群致死原因第五位,仅排在恶性肿瘤、心脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病和心肌梗死之后。据估计,中国每年在伤害方面消耗的直接医疗费用约为650亿元人民币. | 林泽婷(译) 吕来文(译) 黄晓晴(译) 李丽萍(审校) Duan Leilei Ye Pengpeng Juanita A Haagsma Jin Ye Wang Yuan Er Yuliang Deng Xiao Gao Xin Ji Cuirong Wang Linhong Marlena S Bannick W Cli Mountjoy-Venning Caitlin N Hawley Zichen Liu Mari Smith Spencer L James Theo Vos Christopher J L Murray | 2020 | 伤害医学(电子版)2020，9，2： | 15 |
| 2 | Therapeutic options for the management of pancreatic cancer显示文摘Since its initial characterization, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma has remained one of the most devastating and difficult cancers to treat. Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States, resulting in an estimated 38460 deaths annually. With few screening tools available to detect this disease at an early stage, 94% of patients will die within five years of diagnosis. Despite decades of research that have led to a better understanding of the molecular and cellular signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer cells, few effective therapies have been developed to target these pathways. Other treatment options have included more sophisticated pancreatic cancer surgeries and combination therapies. While outcomes have improved modestly for these patients, more effective treatmentsare desperately needed. One of the greatest challenges in the future of treating this malignancy will be to develop therapies that target the tumor microenvironment and surrounding pancreatic cancer stem cells in addition to pancreatic cancer cells. Recent advances in targeting pancreatic stellate cells and the stroma have encouraged researchers to shift their focus to the role of desmoplasia in pancreatic cancer pathobiology in the hopes of developing newer-generation therapies. By combining novel agents with current cytotoxic chemotherapies and radiation therapy and personalizing them to each patient based on specific biomarkers, the goal of prolonging a patient's life could be achieved. Here we review the most effective therapies that have been used for the treatment of pancreatic cancer and discuss the future potential of therapeutic options. | Maria L Rossi Azeem A Rehman Christopher S Gondi | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，32： | 13 |
| 3 | Alcoholic pancreatitis:New insights into the pathogenesisand treatment显示文摘Acute pancreatitis is a necro-inflammatory disease of the exocrine pancreas that is characterized by inappropriate activation of zymogens, infiltration of the pancreas by inflammatory cells, and destruction of the pancreatic exocrine cells. Acute pancreatitis can progress to a severe life-threatening disease. Currently there is no pharmacotherapy to prevent or treat acute pancreatitis. One of the more common factors associated with acute pancreatitis is alcohol abuse. Although commonly associated with pancreatitis alcohol alone is unable to cause pancreatitis. Instead, it appears that alcohol and its metabolic by-products predispose the pancreas to damage from agents that normally do not cause pancreatitis, or to more severe disease from agents that normally cause mild pancreatic damage. Over the last 10 to 20 years, a tremendous amount of work has defined a number of alcohol-mediated biochemical changes in pancreatic cells. Among these changes are: Sustained levels of intracellular calcium, activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, endoplasmic reticulum stress, impairment in autophagy, alteration in the activity of transcriptional activators, and colocalization of lysosomal and pancreatic digestive enzymes. Elucidation of these changes has led to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which ethanol predisposes acinar cells to damage. This greater understanding has revealed a number of promising targets for therapeutic intervention. It is hoped that further investigation of these targets will lead to the development of pharmacotherapy that is effective in treating and preventing the progression of acute pancreatitis. | Dahn L Clemens Katrina J Schneider Christopher K Arkfeld Jaclyn R Grode Mark A Wells Shailender Singh | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2016，7，1： | 10 |
| 4 | Liver Fibrosis: Noninvasive Assessment with Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Elastography—Comparison with FibroScan M and XL Probes and FibroTest in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease显示文摘 | Christophe Cassinotto Bruno Lapuyade Ania A?t-Ali Julien Vergniol Delphine Gaye Juliette Foucher Claire Bailacq-Auder Faiza Chermak Brigitte Le Bail Victor de Lédinghen | 2013 | Radiology2013，，1： | 3 |
| 5 | Heat shock protein 90 inhibition by 17-DMAG lessens disease in the MRL/Ipr mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus显示文摘热吃惊蛋白质 90 的提高的表示(HSP90 ) 在全身的豺狼座 erythematosus (SLE ) 的肾和浆液被发现了病人和 MRL/Mp-Fas lpr /Fas lpr (MRL/lpr ) 自体免疫的老鼠。如果 HSP90 的抑制将在 MRL/lpr 老鼠减少疾病,我们调查了。在在 vivo 的 vitro,有在 IL-6 的有免疫力刺激的显示出的减少的表示以前的 HSP90 禁止者 Geldanamycin 的 mesangial 房间的预告的处理, IL-12 和号码,我们发现当与 C57BL/6 相比鼠标和 MRL/lpr 鼠标与 HSP90 禁止者 17-DMAG 对待时, HSP90 表示在 MRL/lpr 肾被提高。与 17-DMAG 对待的 MRL/lpr 老鼠显示出减少的 proteinuria 并且减少了浆液 anti-dsDNA 抗体生产。Glomerulonephritis 和 glomerular IgG 和 C3 没被 17-DMAG 的管理显著地在 MRL/lpr 影响。17-DMAG 增加了 CD8 + T 房间,减少的双 negative T 房间,减少 CD4/CD8 比率和减少的小囊的 B 房间。这些研究建议 HSP90 可以在调整 T 房间区别和激活起一个作用并且 HSP90 抑制可以在豺狼座减少发炎。 | Samuel K Shimp III Cristen B Chafin Nicole L Regna Sarah E Hammond Molly A Read David L Caudell Marissa Nichole Rylander Christopher M Reilly | 2012 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2012，9，3： | 3 |
| 6 | SLC26A4 mutation testing for hearing loss associated with enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct显示文摘Pendred syndrome(PS) is characterized by autosomal recessive inheritance of goiter associated with a defect of iodide organification, hearing loss, enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct(EVA), and mutations of the SLC26A4 gene. However, not all EVA patients have PSor SLC26A4 mutations. Two mutant alleles of SLC26A4 are detected in 1/4 of North American or European EVA populations, one mutant allele is detected in another 1/4 of patient populations, and no mutations are detected in the other 1/2. The presence of two mutant alleles of SLC26A4 is associated with abnormal iodide organification, increased thyroid gland volume, increased severity of hearing loss, and bilateral EVA. The presence of a single mutant allele of SLC26A4 is associated with normal iodide organification, normal thyroid gland volume, less severe hearing loss and either bilateral or unilateral EVA. When other underlying correlations are accounted for, the presence of a cochlear malformation or the size of EVA does not have an effect on hearing thresholds. This is consistent with observations of an Slc26a4 mutant mouse model of EVA in which hearing loss is independent of endolymphatic hydrops or inner ear malformations. Segregation analyses of EVA in families suggest that the patients carrying one mutant allele of SLC26A4 have a second, undetected mutant allele of SLC26A4, and the probability of a sibling having EVA is consistent with its segregation as an autosomal recessive trait. Patients without any mutations are an etiologically heterogeneous group in which siblings have a lower probability of having EVA. SLC26A4 mutation testing can provide prognostic information to guide clinical surveillance and management, as well as the probability of EVA affecting a sibling. | Taku Ito Julie Muskett Parna Chattaraj Byung Yoon Choi Kyu Yup Lee Christopher K Zalewski Kelly A King Xiangming Li Philine Wangemann Thomas Shawker Carmen C Brewer Seth L Alper Andrew J Griffith | 2013 | World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology2013，3，2： | 2 |
| 7 | Thyroid hormone stimulates hepatic lipid catabolism via activation of autophagy显示文摘 | Sinha Rohit Anthony You Seo-Hee Zhou Jin Siddique Mobin M Bay Boon-Huat Zhu Xuguang Privalsky Martin L Cheng Sheue-Yann Stevens Robert D Summers Scott A Newgard Christopher B Lazar Mitchell A Yen Paul M | 2012 | EN2012，，7： | 2 |
| 8 | Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010显示文摘 | Christopher J L Murray Theo Vos Rafael Lozano Mohsen Naghavi Abraham D Flaxman Catherine Michaud Majid Ezzati Kenji Shibuya Joshua A Salomon Safa Abdalla Victor Aboyans Jerry Abraham Ilana Ackerman Rakesh Aggarwal Stephanie Y Ahn Mohammed K Ali Mohammad A | 2012 | The Lancet . 2012 (9859)2012，，9859： | 2 |
| 9 | Bacterial RNA chaperones confer abiotic stress tolerance in plants and improved grain yield in maize under water-limited condition 显示文摘 | Paolo C Dave W Robert J B Don C A Jay H Martin S Mark A Ganesh K Sara S Robert D Santiago N Stephanie B Mary F Jayaprakash T Santanu D Christopher B Michael H L Jacqueline E H | 2008 | Plant Physiology2008，147，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Review of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) manufacture and its characteristics as a fuel additive 显示文摘 | Pacheco Michael A Marshall Christopher L | 1997 | Energy & Fuels1997，11，： | 1 |
| 11 | Review of dimethyl carbonate(DMC)manufacture and its characteristics as a fuel additive显示文摘 | Michael A Pacheco Christopher L Marshall | 1997 | Energy & Fuels1997，11，1： | 1 |
| 12 | The role of the natural environment in the emergence of antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria显示文摘 | Elizabeth MH Wellington Alistair BA Boxall Paul Cross Edward J Feil William H Gaze Peter M Hawkey Ashley S Johnson-Rollings Davey L Jones Nicholas M Lee Wilfred Otten Christopher M Thomas A Prysor Williams | 2013 | The Lancet Infectious Diseases2013，，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Knowl edge network characteristics and entrepreneurial orienta tion of multinational corporations, research policy显示文摘 | CHRISTOPHER W SOO H L RESOURCE A | 2009 | Re search Policy2009，38，8： | 1 |
| 14 | Identification and mapping of polymorphic SSR markers from expressed gene sequences of barley and wheat显示文摘 | HOLTON T A CHRISTOPHER J T MCCLURE L HARKER N HENRY R J | 2002 | Molecular Breeding2002，9，： | 1 |
| 15 | Shielding effectiveness measurements of materials using nested reverberation chambers 显示文摘 | Christopher L H David A H | 2003 | IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility2003，45，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Effects of osteogenic inducers on cultures of canine mesenchymal stem cells显示文摘 | Volk S W Diefenderfer D L Christopher S A | | 0，，10： | 1 |
| 17 | Characterisation by EIS of ternary Mg alloys synthesized by mechanical alloying显示文摘 | CHRISTOPHER M A BRETT DIAS L TR1NDADE B FISCHER R M1ES S | 2006 | Electrochimica Acta2006，51，： | 1 |
| 18 | Identification and mapping of polymorphic SSR markers from expressed gene sequences of barley and wheat显示文摘 | Holton T A Christopher J T Mcclure L | 2002 | Mol Breed2002，9，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Struc-tural evolution of minibasins on the Utsira High,north-ern North Sea;implications for Jurassic sediment disper-sal and reservoir distribution显示文摘 | Christopher A L Jackson Karla E K | 2010 | Petroleum Geoscience2010，，： | 1 |
| 20 | Review of Dimethyl Carbonate (DMC) Manufacture and its Characteristics as a Fuel Additive显示文摘 | Michael A P Christopher L M | 1997 | Energy & Fuels1997，11，： | 1 |
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