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| 1 | Impact of land use conversion on soil organic carbon stocks in an agro-pastoral ecotone of Inner Mongolia显示文摘Soil organic carbon(SOC) stocks in terrestrial ecosystems vary considerably with land use types. Grassland, forest, and cropland coexist in the agro-pastoral ecotone of Inner Mongolia, China. Using SOC data compiled from literature and field investigations, this study compared SOC stocks and their vertical distributions among three types of ecosystems. The results indicate that grassland had the largest SOC stock, which was 1.5-and 1.8-folds more than stocks in forest and cropland, respectively. Relative to the stock in 0–100 cm depth, grassland held more than 40% of its SOC stock in the upper 20 cm soil layer; forest and cropland both held over 30% of their respective SOC stocks in the upper 20 cm soil layer. SOC stocks in grazed grasslands were remarkably promoted after ≥20 years of grazing exclusion. Conservational cultivation substantially increased the SOC stocks in cropland, especially in the 0–40 cm depth. Stand ages, tree species, and forest types did not have obvious impacts on forest SOC stocks in the study area likely due to the younger stand ages. Our study implies that soil carbon loss should be taken into account during the implementation of ecological projects, such as reclamation and afforestation, in the arid and semi-arid regions of China. | ZHAO Wei HU Zhongmin LI Shenggong GUO Qun YANG Hao ZHANG Tonghui | 2017 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2017，27，8： | 8 |
| 2 | Allometric response of perennial Pennisetum centrasiaticum Tzvel to nutrient and water limitation in the Horqin Sand Land of China显示文摘Optimal partitioning theory(OPT)suggests that plants should allocate relatively more biomass to the organs that acquire the most limited resources.The assumption of this theory is that plants trade off the biomass allocation between leaves,stems and roots.However,variations in biomass allocation among plant parts can also occur as a plant grows in size.As an alternative approach,allometric biomass partitioning theory(APT)asserts that plants should trade off their biomass between roots,stems and leaves.This approach can minimize bias when comparing biomass allocation patterns by accounting for plant size in the analysis.We analyzed the biomass allocation strategy of perennial Pennisetum centrasiaticum Tzvel in the Horqin Sand Land of northern China by treating samples with different availabilities of soil nutrients and water,adding snow in winter and water in summer.We hypothesized that P.centrasiaticum alters its pattern of biomass allocation strategy in response to different levels of soil water content and soil nitrogen content.We used standardized major axis(SMA)to analyze the allometric relationship(slope)and intercept between biomass traits(root,stem,leaf and total biomass)of nitrogen/water treatments.Taking plant size into consideration,no allometric relationships between different organs were significantly affected by differing soil water and soil nitrogen levels,while the biomass allocation strategy of P.centrasiaticum was affected by soil water levels,but not by soil nitrogen levels.The plasticity of roots,leaves and root/shoot ratios was‘true’in response to fluctuations in soil water content,but the plasticity of stems was consistent for trade-offs between the effects of water and plant size.Plants allocated relatively more biomass to roots and less to leaves when snow was added in winter.A similar trend was observed when water was added in summer.The plasticity of roots,stems and leaves was a function of plant size,and remained unchanged in response to different soil nitrogen levels. | Wei MAO TongHui ZHANG YuLin LI XueYong ZHAO YingXin HUANG | 2012 | Journal of Arid Land2012，4，2： | 4 |
| 3 | Hybrid Structure Reliability Analysis Based on the Damped Newton Method显示文摘This paper presents a hybrid model reliability analysis method based on the damped Newton method with both random and interval variables to solve the hybrid structure reliability problem.The method combines an outer iterative solution and inner layer numerical calculation.In the outer iteration,the method seeks an optimized solution to the interval variable iterative by adding the boundary constraint condition based on the damped Newton optimization theory.In the inner layer solution,the method first reduces the dimension of the random variable through the dimension reduction method,then obtains the first four-order central moment of the function through the application of the Taylor expansion method,and finally calculates the reliability index of the structure according to the fourth-order moment calculation structure of the function.The results of a numerical example and an engineering ten-rod truss structure show that the proposed method can effectively solve the random-interval hybrid reliability problem and has better calculation accuracy than that of the two-layer iterative method. | Hongwei Zheng Guangwei Meng Feng Li Tonghui Wei Wei Luo Yaming Guo | 2020 | Tsinghua Science and Technology2020，25，5： | 2 |
| 4 | Structural basis of the crosstalk between histone H2B monoubiquitination and H3 lysine 79 methylation on nucleosome显示文摘Dear Editor,Histone marks deposited by post-translational modifications(PTMs)frequently occur in interrelated combinational patterns to create a complex and precise control on the chromatin structure and function.1 One of the landmark findings of histone PTM crosstalk is the trans-histone regulation of histone H3 lysine 79(H3K79)methylation by the monoubiquitination of histone H2B on lysine 120(H2BK120).2 Mono-,di-,and tri-methylation of histone H3K79 serves as a prominent histone mark that participates in transcription regulation and DNA damage response.3 H2BK120 monoubiquitination(H2BK120ub1)is a prerequisite for the efficient methylation of H3K79 by the unique non-SET domain-containing histone methyltransferase DOT1L(Disrupter of telomere silencing protein 1-like)in vivo.2 Incorporation of chemically monoubiquitinated H2B into in vitro reconstituted nucleosome directly stimulates the catalytic activity of DOT1L4(Supplementary information,Figs.S1 and S2).It still remains poorly understood how the H3K79 methyl marks are deposited and how the associated PTM crosstalk occurs on nucleosome. | Tonghui Yao Wei Jing Zhiguo Hu Ming Tan Mi Cao Qianmin Wang Yan Li Guiyong Yuan Ming Lei Jing Huang | 2019 | Cell Research2019，29，4： | 1 |
| 5 | The response of Caragana microphylla seedlings to water table changes in Horqin Sandy Land,China显示文摘This paper focuses on the growth response of Caragana microphylla seedlings to changes of artificially controlled water table in Horqin Sandy Land, China. Monitoring results of soil water content shows that soil moisture is closely correlated to groundwater depths. Soil volumetric water increased rapidly when close to water sources and finally stabilized in a saturated state. The soil moisture trend of CK(control) increased gradually at 0–50 cm of soil depth then decreased to 4% below 50 cm soil depth. C. microphylla can adapt to different soil environments by changes in ecological and physiological characteristics. By comparing the ecological characteristics of C. microphylla seedlings at various water tables, we found that a shallow water table of 40 cm depth inhibited seedling growth because of weak ecological characteristics. A groundwater depth of 120 cm was more advantageous for plant height and canopy growth of C. microphylla seedlings. During the first two years, the most suitable water depth for root biomass was 120 cm, and 180 cm for root length. The growth of vertical roots is positively correlated with groundwater depth, and root thickness is the determinate factor for root biomass while the fine root is the determinate factor for root length. A thick root would grow much more in a natural drought environment while access to ground water promotes the growth of fine roots. | YunHua Ma TongHui Zhang XinPing Liu Wei Mao XiangFei Yue | 2015 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2015，7，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Realizing the Long Lifespan of Molybdenum Trioxide in Aqueous Aluminum Ion Batteries Through Potential Regulation显示文摘MoO_(3) is one of the most promising anode materials for aqueous aluminum batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and suitable aluminum insertion/de-insertion potential.However,the inferior cycling stability limits its further application,and the failure mechanism is still unclear.In this article,we provide a straightforward potential regulation technique to manage phase evolution during the charge/discharge process,which ultimately results in a markedly enhanced MoO_(3) electrode cycling stability.The failure mechanism study reveals that the excessive oxidation of the electrode during charge/discharge generates the H_(0.34)MoO_(3) phase,which has high solubility and is the primary cause of MoO_(3) deactivation.Although the dissolved Mo species will be deposited onto the electrode sheet again,the deposition is not electrochemically active and cannot contribute to the capacitance.Controlling the cutoff potential prevented the production of H_(0.34)MoO_(3),resulting in excellent cycling performance(80.1% capacity retention after 4000 cycles).The as-assembled α-MoO_(3)//MnO_(2) full battery exhibits high discharge plateaus(1.4 and 0.9 V),large specific capacity(200 mAhg^(-1) at 2 Ag^(-1)),and ultra-high coulombic efficiency(99%).The research presented here may contribute to the development of highly stable electrode materials for aqueous batteries. | Haodong Fan Xuejin Li Jie Zhou Xiaoning Wang Xiuli Gao Haoyu Hu Li Zhou Tonghui Cai Yongpeng Cui Pengyun Liu Qingzhong Xue Zifeng Yan Wei Xing | 2023 | Renewables2023，1，4： | 0 |
| 7 | Characteristics of TP53 germline variants and their correlations with Li-Fraumeni syndrome or Li-Fraumeni-like syndrome in Chinese tumor patients显示文摘Li-Fraumeni syndrome(LFS),a rare autosomal-dominant inheritance condition,is associated with a family cancer history as well as pathogenic/likely-pathogenic TP53 germline variants(P/LP TP53 GV).The current clinical methods for detecting LFS are limited.Here,we retrospectively investigate P/LP TP53 GV among Chinese cancer patients by next-generation sequencing and evaluate its relationship with a family cancer history.A total of 270 out of 19,226 cancer patients have TP53 GV,including 53 patients with P/LP TP53 GV.Patients with P/LP TP53 GV are mainly found in male with glioma,lung cancer or sarcoma.The median age of diagnosis for P/LP TP53 GV patients is significantly lower than that of non-P/LP TP53 GV patients(31-years vs.53-years;P<0.01).One LFS patient and 3 Li-Fraumeni-like syndrome(LFL)patients are among the 26 followed-up P/LP TP53 GV patients.Among 25 types of P/LP TP53 GV,the highest variant frequencies occurred at codon 175 and 248.p.M237 I,p.R158 H,p.C238 Y and p.C275 R,are firstly identified among the Chinese LFS/LFL patients.This study reports the(P/LP)TP53 GV characteristics of Chinese pan-cancer patients.These findings suggest analyzing the P/LP TP53 GV in cancer patients is an effective strategy for identifying cancer predisposition syndrome. | Panwen Tian Xiaoyan Zhang Sheng Yang Yu Fang Hongling Yuan Wei Li Honglin Zhu Fangping Zhao Jinlei Ding Yunshu Zhu Sizhen Wang Guochen Sun Hongbin Ni Tonghui Ma Ting Lei | 2022 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2022，49，7： | 0 |
| 8 | How could N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists lead to excitation instead of inhibition?显示文摘N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors(NMDARs) are a family of ionotropic glutamate receptors mainly known to mediate excitatory synaptic transmission and plasticity. Interestingly, low-dose NMDAR antagonists lead to increased, instead of decreased, functional connectivity;and they could cause schizophrenia-and/or antidepressant-like behavior in both humans and rodents. In addition, human genetic evidences indicate that NMDAR loss of function mutations underlie certain forms of epilepsy, a disease featured with abnormal brain hyperactivity. Together, they all suggest that under certain conditions,NMDAR activation actually lead to inhibition, but not excitation,of the global neuronal network. Apparently, these phenomena are rather counterintuitive to the receptor's basic role in mediating excitatory synaptic transmission. How could it happen? Recently, this has become a crucial question in order to fully understand the complexity of NMDAR function, particularly in disease. Over the past decades, different theories have been proposed to address this question. These include theories of 'NMDARs on inhibitory neurons are more sensitive to antagonism', or 'basal NMDAR activity actually inhibits excitatory synapse', etc. Our review summarizes these efforts, and also provides an introduction of NMDARs,inhibitory neurons, and their relationships with the related diseases.Advances in the development of novel NMDAR pharmacological tools, particularly positive allosteric modulators, are also included to provide insights into potential intervention strategies. | Tonghui Su Yi Lu Yang Geng Wei Lu Yelin Chen | 2018 | Translational Neuroscience and Clinics2018，4，2： | 0 |
| 9 | Synergetic N-doped carbon with MoPd alloy for robust oxygen reduction reaction显示文摘Synergistic catalysis opens up a new venue to improve the comprehensive application of the catalyst.Herein,a composite catalyst(Mo-Pd@N-C)consisting of the N-doped carbon derived from pyrolysis of spherical polypyrrole and MoPd nanoparticles(NPs)was constructed to emphasize the strong metal-support interaction for robust oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).The enhanced anchoring between the MoPd NPs and the substrate,and the N-species formed on the carbon matrix make the Mo-Pd@N-C deliver excellent performance with a half-wave potential of 0.945 V(vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE))for ORR,superior than that of commercial Pt/C(0.86 V).More importantly,it shows a negligible half-wave potential decline(<5 mV)and only~20%of mass activity(MA)attenuation after 30,000 cycles stability test,obviously better than those of Pt/C(~70%of MA attenuation and~30 mV of half-wave potential decline after only 15,000 cycles).This work highlights a novel synergistic method to prolong the life and improve the commercial prospects of the catalysts. | Chaojie Cen Wenjing Tang Tonghui Zhao Yun Song Yun Yang Quanlong Xu Wei Chen | 2023 | Nano Research2023，16，7： | 0 |
| 10 | Construction of Frame-Structured Flexible MXene Film Electrode to Achieve High Areal Capacitance Micro-Supercapacitor显示文摘Two-dimensional MXene-based film materials as flexible electrodes have been widely studied in wearable microsupercapacitors(MSCs).However,the existence of strong van derWaals interactions leads to serious self-stacking ofMXene layers,resulting in poor ionic dynamics and loss of active sites,which causes MXene film electrodes to exhibit low capacitance and poor rate performance in practical studies.To solve this,a frame-structured hybrid film(labeled as CN-MX hybrid film)is constructed by introducing intercalating agents(nanometer g-C_(3)N_(4))into MXene layers.In this unique hybrid film,the g-C_(3)N_(4)nanoparticles rationally occupy the interspace between MXene layers so as to alleviate layer stacking,thus effectively expanding the electrochemically active surface and promoting proton transfer.Synergistic pseudocapacitance inducted by g-C_(3)N_(4)surface groups,consequently,the CN-MX hybrid film electrode achieves an enhanced capacitive capability.In the three-electrode system,this frame-structured film electrode exhibits an ultra-high areal capacitance of 1932.8 mF cm^(−2).The assembled symmetry flexible MSC device based on CN-MX hybrid film can achieve an energy density of 2.28μWh cm^(−2)at 0.075 mW cm^(−2),as well as a superior cyclic stability with 90.4%retention after 700 cycles in alternating 90o bending and releasing states,revealing its potential in practical applications. | Yesheng Wang Yongpeng Cui Dongqing Kong Xiaoning Wang Wenting Feng Pengyun Liu Tonghui Cai Xuejin Li Lianming Zhao Debin Kong Linjie Zhi Qingzhong Xue Zifeng Yan Wei Xing | 2023 | Renewables2023，1，2： | 0 |
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