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| 1 | Intracellular HMGB1 as a novel tumor suppressor of pancreatic cancer显示文摘尽管有最近的进展, oncogenic K 地岬驾驶的胰腺的 ductal 腺癌(PDAC ) 在最致命的人的癌症之中留在现代医学。PDAC 的致病对内在的染色体不稳定性和外来的发炎激活部分可归因。然而,在在胰腺的 tumorigenesis 的这二个事件之间的分子的连接充分还没被建立了。这里,我们证明(HMGB1 ) 细胞内部的高活动性组盒子 1 显著地压制 oncogenic 由禁止染色体的 K-Ras-driven 胰腺的 tumorigenesis 调停不稳定性的支持 inflammatory nucleosome 版本。任何一个单身者的有条件的基因脱离或在胰的 HMGB1 的两等位基因在出生使老鼠变为极其敏感到先锋损害的 oncogenic K-Ras-driven 开始,包括胰腺的 intraepithelial 瘤, intraductal 乳突的 mucinous 瘤,和 mucinous 膀胱的瘤。在胰的 HMGB1 的损失与染色体重新整理和 telomere 畸形描绘的氧化 DNA 损坏和 chromosomal 不稳定性被联系。这些导致煽动性的 nucleosome 版本并且宣传 K-Ras-driven 胰腺的 tumorigenesis。细胞外的 nucleosomes 支持 interleukin 6 (IL-6 ) 由渗入 macrophages/neutrophils 的分泌物并且提高在胰腺的损害表明激活的 oncogenic K 地岬。到 IL-6 或 histone H3 或为先进 glycation 的受体的大美人的抵销的抗体结束产品都限制表明激活的 K 地岬,阻止癌症开发和转移 / 侵略,并且延长在 Pdx1-Cre 的动物幸存; K 地岬 G12D/+;Hmgb1/ 鼠标。由 glycyrrhizin 的 HMGB1 损失的药理学抑制在煽动性的条件下面在老鼠限制 oncogenic K-Ras-driven tumorigenesis。减少在 PDAC 病人的 HMGB1 的原子、全部的细胞的表示与差的全面幸存相关,在 PDAC 与预示、治疗学的关联作为新奇肿瘤 suppressor 支持细胞内部的 HMGB1。 | Rui Kang Yangchun Xie Qiuhong Zhang Wen Hou Qingping Jiang Shan Zhu Jinbao Liu Dexing Zeng Haichao Wang David L Bartlet Timothy R Billiar Herbert J Zeh III Michael T Lotze Daolin Tang | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，7： | 22 |
| 2 | Observation of ocean current response to 1998 Hurricane Georges in the Gulf of Mexico显示文摘The ocean current response to a hurricane on the shelf-break is examined. The study area is the DeSoto Canyon in the northeast Gulf of Mexico, and the event is the passage of 1998 Hurricane Georges with a maximum wind speed of 49 m/s. The data sets used for analy- sis consist of the mooring data taken by the Field Program of the DeSoto Canyon Eddy Intrusion Study, and simultaneous winds ob- served by NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) Moored Buoy 42040. Time-depth ocean current energy density images derived from the observed data show that the ocean currents respond almost immediately to the hurricane with important differ- ences on and off the shelf. On the shelf, in the shallow water of 100 m, the disturbance penetrates rapidly downward to the bottom and forms two energy peaks, the major peak is located in the mixed layer and the secondary one in the lower layer. The response dissipates quickly after external forcing disappears. Off the shelf, in the deep water, the major disturbance energy seems to be trapped in the mixed layer with a trailing oscillation; although the disturbance signals may still be observed at the depths of 500 and 1 290 m. Verti- cal dispersion analysis reveals that the near-initial wave packet generated off the shelf consists of two modes. One is a barotropic wave mode characterized by a fast decay rate of velocity amplitude of 0.020 s-1, and the other is baroclinic wave mode characterized by a slow decay rate of 0.006 9 s-1. The band-pass-filtering and empirical function techniques are employed to the frequency analysis. The results indicate that all frequencies shift above the local inertial frequency. On the shelf, the average frequency is 1.04f in the mixed layer, close to the diagnosed frequency of the first baroclinic mode, and the average frequency increases to 1.07f in the thermocline. Off the shelf, all frequencies are a little smaller than the diagnosed frequency of the first mode. The average frequency decreases from 1.035f in the mixed layer to 1.02f in the thermocline, implying a trend for the shift in frequency of the oscillations towards f with the depth. | ZHENG Quanan LAI Ronald J HUANG Nortlen E PAN Jiayi LIU W Timothy | 2006 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2006，25，1： | 20 |
| 3 | Autoantibody to MOG suggests two distinct clinical subtypes of NMOSD显示文摘We characterized a unique group of patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD) who carried autoantibodies of aquaporin-4(AQP4) and myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG). Among the 125 NMOSD patients, 10(8.0%) were AQP4- and MOG-ab double positive, and 14(11.2%) were MOG-ab single positive. The double-positive patients had a multiphase disease course with a high annual relapse rate(P=0.0431), and severe residual disability(P<0.0001). Of the double-positive patients, 70% had MS-like brain lesions, more severe edematous, multifocal regions on spinal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), pronounced decreases of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and atrophy of optic nerves. In contrast, patients with only MOG-ab had a higher ratio of monophasic disease course and mild residual disability. Spinal cord MRI illustrated multifocal cord lesions with mild edema, and brain MRIs showed more lesions around lateral ventricles. NMOSD patients carrying both autoantibodies to AQP4 and MOG existed and exhibited combined features of prototypic NMO and relapsing-remitting form of MS, whereas NMOSD with antibodies to MOG only exhibited an 'intermediate' phenotype between NMOSD and MS. Our study suggests that antibodies against MOG might be pathogenic in NMOSD patients and that determination of anti-MOG antibodies maybe instructive for management of NMOSD patients. | Yaping Yan Yujing Li Ying Fu Li Yang Lei Su Kaibin Shi Minshu Li Qiang Liu Aimee Borazanci Yaou Liu Yong He Jeffrey L Bennett Timothy L Vollmer Fu-Dong Shi | 2016 | Science China(Life Sciences)2016，59，12： | 20 |
| 4 | Direct reprogramming of human fibroblasts into dopaminergic neuron-like cells显示文摘外长的 dopaminergic 神经原(DA 神经原) 的移植是为治疗 Parkinson 的疾病(PD ) 的一条有希望的途径。然而,主要跌倒块是施主 DA 神经原的可靠来源的缺乏。这里,我们证明五 transcriptional 因素 Mash1, Ngn2, Sox2, Nurr1,和 Pitx3 的联合直接并且有效地装改编人成纤维细胞进 DA 像神经原的房间。为为 DA 神经原的各种各样的标记积极的染色的 reprogrammed 房间。他们也显示出典型 DA 举起和生产性质。而且,他们展出了 DA 神经原特定的 electrophysiological 侧面。最后,他们在一个老鼠 PD 模型提供了征兆的地势。因此,我们的直接 reprogrammed DA 像神经原的房间是为 PD 的房间代替治疗的有希望的来源。 | Xinjian Liu Fang Li Elizabeth A Stubblefield Barbara Blanchard Toni L Richards Gaynor A Larson Yujun He Qian Huang Aik-Choon Tan Dabing Zhang Timothy A Benke John R Sladek Nancy R Zahniser Chuan-Yuan Li | 2012 | Cell Research2012，22，2： | 14 |
| 5 | LAMOST Experiment for Galactic Understanding and Exploration (LEGUE)——The survey's science plan显示文摘We describe the current plans for a spectroscopic survey of millions of stars in the Milky Way galaxy using the Guo Shou Jing Telescope (GSJT, formerly called the Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope - LAMOST). The survey will obtain spectra for 2.5 million stars brighter than r < 19 during dark/grey time, and 5 million stars brighter than r < 17 or J < 16 on nights that are moonlit or have low transparency. The survey will begin in the fall of 2012, and will run for at least four years. The telescope's design constrains the optimal declination range for observations to 10 < δ < 50 , and site conditions lead to an emphasis on stars in the direction of the Galactic anticenter. The survey is divided into three parts with different target selection strategies: disk, anticenter, and spheroid. The resulting dataset will be used to study the merger history of the Milky Way, the substructure and evolution of the disks, the nature of the first generation of stars through identification of the lowest metallicity stars, and star formation through study of open clusters and OB associations. Detailed design of the LAMOST Experiment for Galactic Understanding and Exploration (LEGUE) survey will be completed in summer 2012, after a review of the results of the pilot survey. | Li-Cai Deng Heidi Jo Newberg Chao Liu Jeffrey L. Carlin Timothy C. Beers Li Chen Hsu-Tai Lee Carl J. Grillmair Puragra Guhathakurta] Zhan-Wen Han Jin-Liang Hou Sebastien Lepine Jing Li Xiao-Wei Liu Kai-Ke Pan J. A. Sellwood Bo Wang Hong-Chi Wang Fan Yang Brian Yanny Hao-Tong Zhang Yue-Yang Zhang Zheng Zheng Zi Zhu | 2012 | Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics2012，12，7： | 10 |
| 6 | Electron Beam Melted Beta-type Ti–24Nb–4Zr–8Sn Porous Structures With High Strength-to-Modulus Ratio显示文摘Electron beam melting(EBM)has been used to manufactureβ-type Ti–24Nb–4Zr–8Sn porous components with 70%porosity.EBM-produced components have favorable structural features(i.e.smooth strut surfaces,fewer defects)and an(α+β)-type microstructure,similar to that subjected to aging treatment.EBM-produced components exhibit more than twice the strength-to-modulus ratio of porous Ti–6Al–4V components having the same porosity.The processing–microstructure–property relationship and deformation behavior of EBM-produced components are discussed in detail.Such porous titanium components composed of non-toxic elements and having high strength-to-modulus ratio are highly attractive for biomedical applications. | Yujing Liu Shujun Li Wentao Hou Shaogang Wang Yulin Hao Rui Yang Timothy B.Sercombe Lai-Chang Zhang | 2016 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2016，32，6： | 9 |
| 7 | Notch signaling controls chondrocyte hypertrophy via indirect regulation of Sox9显示文摘RBPjk-dependent Notch signaling regulates both the onset of chondrocyte hypertrophy and the progression to terminal chondrocyte maturation during endochondral ossification. It has been suggested that Notch signaling can regulate Sox9 transcription, although how this occurs at the molecular level in chondrocytes and whether this transcriptional regulation mediates Notch control of chondrocyte hypertrophy and cartilage development is unknown or controversial. Here we have provided conclusive genetic evidence linking RBPjk-dependent Notch signaling to the regulation of Sox9 expression and chondrocyte hypertrophy by examining tissuespecific Rbpjk mutant(Prx1Cre;Rbpjkf/f), Rbpjk mutant/Sox9 haploinsufficient(Prx1Cre;Rbpjkf/f;Sox9f/1),and control embryos for alterations in SOX9 expression and chondrocyte hypertrophy during cartilage development. These studies demonstrate that Notch signaling regulates the onset of chondrocyte maturation in a SOX9-dependent manner, while Notch-mediated regulation of terminal chondrocyte maturation likely functions independently of SOX9. Furthermore, our in vitro molecular analyses of the Sox9 promoter and Notch-mediated regulation of Sox9 gene expression in chondrogenic cells identified the ability of Notch to induce Sox9 expression directly in the acute setting, but suppresses Sox9 transcription with prolonged Notch signaling that requires protein synthesis of secondary effectors. | Anat Kohn Timothy P Rutkowski Zhaoyang Liu Anthony J Mirando Michael J Zuscik Regis J O'Keefe Matthew J Hilton | 2015 | Bone Research2015，3，3： | 8 |
| 8 | Zircon and Monazite Ages Constraints on Devonian Magmatism and Granulite-Facies Metamorphism in the Southern Qaidam Block:Implications for Evolution of Proto-and Paleo-Tethys in East Asia显示文摘High-temperature magma generation process and granulite-facies metamorphism can provide important information about mantle-crustal interaction and tectonic evolution. The strongly peraluminous monzonite pluton, the Jinshuikou cordierite granite on the southern margin of the Qaidam Block, can provide important information about the mantle-crustal interaction and constraints on tectonic transition from Proto-Tethys to Paleo-Tethys. This pluton develops enclaves of mafic granulite, amphibolite and quartzofeldspathic rocks, and is cut by massive monzonitic leuco-granite veins. Zircon and monazite U-Pb dating for the cordierite granite, the granulite enclaves and a massive monzonitic leuco-granite vein reveal that the cordierite granitic magma was generated from Mesoproterozoic continental crust with protolith derived from a provenance that was composed of >2.8 Ga old recycled crustal materials and recorded a ~1.7 Ga magmatic event. The continental crust underwent low-pressure granulite-facies metamorphism at ~380 Ma ago, whereas the cordierite granite magmas was generated and emplaced during 380 Ma, followed by intrusion of the massive monzonitic leuco-granite vein at circa 370–330 Ma. These data suggest that after the final closure of Proto-Tethys Ocean spreading along the southern Qaidam Block at ~420 Ma, break-off of the subducted slab or delamination of the lower crustal base and upwelling of the asthenospheric mantle beneath the southern Qaidam Block occurred before the Mid-Devonian, and that the initiation of the Paleo-Tethys tectonics might initiate near the end of Early-Carboniferous in the East Kunlun-Qaidam region, East Asia. | Jin Ba Lu Zhang Chuan He Neng-Song Chen Timothy M.Kusky Qinyan Wang Yusheng Wan Xiaoming Liu | 2018 | Journal of Earth Science2018，29，5： | 6 |
| 9 | Are hyoliths Palaeozoic lophophorates?显示文摘The phylogenetic position of hyoliths has long been unsettled,with recent discoveries of a tentaculate feeding apparatus('lophophore')and fleshy apical extensions from the shell('pedicle')suggesting a lophophorate affinity.Here,we describe the first soft parts associated with the feeding apparatus of an orthothecid hyolith,Triplicatella opimus from the Chengjiang biota of South China.The tuft-like arrangement of the tentacles of T.opimus differs from that of hyolithids:suggesting they collected food directly from the substrate.A reassessment of the feeding organ in hyolithids indicates that it does not represent a lophophore and our analysis of the apical structures associated with some orthothecids show that these represent crushed portions of the shell and are not comparable to the brachiopod pedicle.The new information suggests that hyoliths are more likely to be basal members of the lophotrochozoans rather than lophophorates closely linked with the Phylum Brachiopoda. | Fan Liu Christian B Skovsted Timothy P Topper Zhifei Zhang Degan Shu | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，2： | 5 |
| 10 | Amyloid,tau,pathogen infection and antimicrobial protection in Alzheimer’s disease-conformist,nonconformist,and realistic prospects for AD pathogenesis显示文摘Background:Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a fatal disease that threatens the quality of life of an aging population at a global scale.Various hypotheses on the etiology of AD have been developed over the years to guide efforts in search of therapeutic strategies.Main body:In this review,we focus on four AD hypotheses currently relevant to AD onset:the prevailing amyloid cascade hypothesis,the well-recognized tau hypothesis,the increasingly popular pathogen(viral infection)hypothesis,and the infection-related antimicrobial protection hypothesis.In briefly reviewing the main evidence supporting each hypothesis and discussing the questions that need to be addressed,we hope to gain a better understanding of the complicated multi-layered interactions in potential causal and/or risk factors in AD pathogenesis.As a defining feature of AD,the existence of amyloid deposits is likely fundamental to AD onset but is insufficient to wholly reproduce many complexities of the disorder.A similar belief is currently also applied to hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates within neurons,where tau has been postulated to drive neurodegeneration in the presence of pre-existing Aβplaques in the brain.Although infection of the central nerve system by pathogens such as viruses may increase AD risk,it is yet to be determined whether this phenomenon is applicable to all cases of sporadic AD and whether it is a primary trigger for AD onset.Lastly,the antimicrobial protection hypothesis provides insight into a potential physiological role for Aβpeptides,but how Aβ/microbial interactions affect AD pathogenesis during aging awaits further validation.Nevertheless,this hypothesis cautions potential adverse effects in Aβ-targeting therapies by hindering potential roles for Aβin anti-viral protection.Conclusion:AD is a multi-factor complex disorder,which likely requires a combinatorial therapeutic approach to successfully slow or reduce symptomatic memory decline.A better understanding of how various causal and/or risk factors affecting disease onset and progression will enhance the likelihood of conceiving effective treatment paradigms,which may involve personalized treatment strategies for individual patients at varying stages of disease progression. | Hongmei Li Chia-Chen Liu Hui Zheng Timothy Y.Huang | 2018 | Translational Neurodegeneration2018，7，1： | 5 |
| 11 | Follistatin-like protein 1 plays a tumor suppressor role in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma显示文摘Background:We previously showed that the expression of follistatin-like protein 1(FSTL1)was significantly down-regulated in metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC).In this study,we aimed to characterize the role of FSTL1 in the development of ccRCC.Methods:The effects of FSTL1 on cell activity and cell cycle were investigated in ccRCC cell lines with altered FSTL1 expression.Gene expression microarray assays were performed to identify the major signaling pathways affected by FSTL1 knockdown.The expression of FSTL1 in ccRCC and its effect on postoperative prognosis were estimated in a cohort with 89 patients.Results:FSTL1 knockdown promoted anchorage-independent growth,migration,invasion,and cell cycle of ccRCC cell lines,whereas FSTL1 overexpression attenuated cell migration.FSTL1 knockdown up-regulated nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)and hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF)signaling pathways,increased epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition,up-regulated interleukin-6 expression,and promoted tumor necrosis factor-α-induced degradation of NF-κB inhibitor(IκBα)in ccRCC cell lines.FSTL1 immunostaining was selectively positive in epithelial cytoplasm in the loop of Henle,and positive rate of FSTL1 was significantly lower in ccRCC tissues than in adjacent renal tissues(P<0.001).The mul-tivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the intratumoral FSTL1 expression conferred a favorable independent prognosis with a hazard ratio of 0.325(95%confidence interval 0.118-0.894).HIF-2αexpression was negatively cor-related with FSTL1 expression in ccRCC specimens(r=−0.229,P=0.044).Intratumoral expression of HIF-2α,rather than HIF-1α,significantly predicted an unfavorable prognosis in ccRCC(log-rank,P=0.038).Conclusions:FSTL1 plays a tumor suppression role possibly via repressing the NF-κB and HIF-2αsignaling pathways.To increase FSTL1 expression might be a candidate therapeutic strategy for metastatic ccRCC. | Yan Liu Xiaojie Tan Wenbin Liu Xi Chen Xiaomei Hou Dan Shen Yibo Ding Jianhua Yin Ling Wang Hongwei Zhang Yongwei Yu Jianguo Hou Timothy C.Thompson Guangwen Cao | 2018 | Cancer Communications2018，38，1： | 5 |
| 12 | Microstructural homogeneity and mechanical behavior of a selective laser melted Ti-35Nb alloy produced from an elemental powder mixture显示文摘Although using elemental powder mixtures may provide broad alloy selection at low cost for selective laser melting(SLM), there is still a concern on the resultant microstructural and chemical homogeneity of the produced parts. Hence, this work investigates the microstructure and mechanical properties of a SLM-produced Ti-35 Nb composite(in wt%) using elemental powder. The microstructural characteristics including ? phase, undissolved Nb particles and chemical homogeneity were detailed investigated.Nanoindentation revealed the presence of relatively soft undissolved Nb particles and weak interface bonding around Nb-rich regions in as-SLMed samples. Solid-solution treatment can not only improve chemical homogeneity but also enhance bonding through grain boundary strengthening, resulting in43 % increase in tensile elongation for the heat-treated Ti-35 Nb compared to the as-SLMed counterpart. The analyses of tensile fractures and shear bands further confirmed the correlation between the different phases and the ductility of Ti-35 Nb. In particular, the weak bonding between undissolved Nb and the matrix in the as-SLMed sample reduces its ductility while the ? grains in solid-solution treated Ti-Nb alloy can induce a relatively stable plastic flow therefore better ductility. This work sheds insight into the understanding of homogenization of microstructure and phases of SLM-produced alloys from an elemental powder mixture. | Jincheng Wang Yujing Liu Chirag Dhirajlal Rabadia Shun-Xing Liang Timothy Barry Sercombe Lai-Chang Zhang | 2021 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2021，，2： | 4 |
| 13 | Graph-theoretic algorithms for cyber-physical vulnerability analysis of power grid with incomplete information显示文摘A key focus recently has been on assessing therisk of a coordinated cyber-physical attack and minimizing the impact of a successful attack. Most of the cyberattackers will have limited system information and conventional power grid N-1 security analysis cannot be extended to assess the risk. Centrality measures are widely used in the network science and an attacker with incomplete information can use it to identify power system vulnerabilities by defining the system as a complex network but without real-time system measurements. This paper presents a graph theory based centrality indices for vulnerability assessment of the power system due to various bus and branch contingencies using limited system information and provides a preliminary defense mechanism to prevent such an attack. Proposed work answers the fundamental question of possible attack scenarios by balancing risk(limited information with low risk to get caught orhigh risk attack to access more system information) and impact(identifying contingencies with maximal impact on system operation). Statistical comparisons are made between the graph theory measures compared to the corresponding DC power flow based N-X linear sensitivity measures. A unified N-X centrality based performance index is proposed and validated against the AC power flow based performance index by doing the real-time simulations of an N-3 attack scenario. Defensive mechanisms using topology-based performance indices are also presented. | Anurag K.SRIVASTAVA Timothy A.ERNSTER Ren LIU Vignesh G.KRISHNAN | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，5： | 4 |
| 14 | Ecosystem service delivery in Karst landscapes: anthropogenic perturbation and recovery显示文摘Covering extensive parts of China, Karst landscapes are exceptional because rapid and intensive land use change has caused severe ecosystem degradation within only the last 50 years. The twentieth century intensification in food production through agriculture has led to a rapid deterioration of soil quality, evidenced in reduced crop production and rapid loss of soil. In many areas, a tipping point appears to have been passed as basement rock is exposed and 'rocky desertification' dominates. Through the establishment of the 'Soil processes and ecological services in the karst critical zone of SW China'(SPECTRA)Critical Zone Observatory(CZO) we will endevaour to understand the fundmental processes involved in soil production and erosion, and investigate the integrated geophysical-geochemical-ecological responses of the CZ to perturbations. The CZ spans a gradient from undisturbed natural vegetation through human perturbed landscapes.We seek to understand the importance of heterogeneity insurface and below-ground morphology and flow pathways in determining the spatial distribution of key stocks(soil,C, vegetation, etc.) and their control on ecosystem service delivery. We will assess the extent to which the highly heterogeneous critical zone resources can be restored to enable sustainable delivery of ecosystem services. This paper presents the CZO design and initial assessment of soil and soil organic carbon stocks and evidence for their stability based on caesium-137(^(137) Cs) data. | Timothy Quine Dali Guo Sophie M.Green Chenglong Tu Iain Hartley Xinyu Zhang Jennifer Dungait Xuefa Wen Zhaoliang Song Hongyan Liu Heather Buss Timothy Barrows Richard Evershed Penny Johnes Jeroen Meersmans | 2017 | Acta Geochimica2017，36，3： | 3 |
| 15 | Effect of angiotensin II type I receptor blocker losartan on bone deterioration in orchiectomized male hypertensive and normotensive rats显示文摘 | ZHANG Ya-feng QIN Ling Timothy CY Kwok Benson HY Yeung LI Guo-dong LIU Fan | 2013 | Chinese Medical Journal2013，，14： | 3 |
| 16 | The Origin and Evolution of Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia显示文摘 | John S. Welch Timothy J. Ley Daniel C. Link Christopher A. Miller David E. Larson Daniel C. Koboldt Lukas D. Wartman Tamara L. Lamprecht Fulu Liu Jun Xia Cyriac Kandoth Robert S. Fulton Michael D. McLellan David J. Dooling John W. Wallis Ken Chen Christop | 2012 | Cell2012，，2： | 3 |
| 17 | Dynamics of soil organic carbon following land-use change:insights from stable C-isotope analysis in black soil of Northeast China显示文摘Intensive soil tillage is a significant factor in soil organic matter decline in cultivated soils. Both cultivation abandonment and foregoing tillage have been encouraged in the past 30 years to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and soil erosion. However, the dynamic processes of soil organic carbon (SOC) in areas of either continuous cultivation or abandonment remain unclear and inconsistent.Our aims were to assess and model the dynamic processes of SOC under continuous tillage and after cultivation abandonment in the black soil of Northeast China. Soil profiles were collected of cultivated or abandoned land with cultivation history of 0–100 years. An isotope mass balance equation was used to calculate the proportion of SOC derived from corn debris (C_4) and from natural vegetation (C_3) to deduce the dynamic process. Approximately 40% of SOC in the natural surface soil (0–10 cm) was eroded in the first 5 years of cultivation, increasing to about 75% within 40 years, before a slow recovery. C_4 above 30 cm soil depth increased by 4.5%–5% or 0.11–0.12 g·kg^(-1) on average per year under continuous cultivation, while it decreased by approximately 0.34% annually in the surface soil after cultivation abandonment.The increase in the percentage of C_4 was fitted to a linear equation with given intercepts in the upper 30 cm of soil in cultivated land. A significant relationship between the change of C_4 and time was found only in the surface soil after abandonment of cultivation. These results demonstrate the loss and accumulation of corn-derived SOC in surface black soil of Northeast China under continuous tillage or cultivation abandonment. | Chenglong Tu Congqiang Liu Timothy A.Quine Matthew William Jones Taoze Liu Longbo Li Wenjing Liu | 2018 | Acta Geochimica2018，37，5： | 3 |
| 18 | Development and optimization of thermal contrast amplification lateral flow immunoassays for ultrasensitive HIV p24 protein detection显示文摘Detection of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)p24 protein at a single pg/ml concentration in point-of-care(POC)settings is important because it can facilitate acute HIV infection diagnosis with a detection sensitivity approaching that of laboratory-based assays.However,the limit of detection(LOD)of lateral flow immunoassays(LFAs),the most prominent POC diagnostic platform,falls short of that of laboratory protein detection methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Here,we report the development and optimization of a thermal contrast amplification(TCA)LFA that will allow ultrasensitive detection of 8 pg/ml p24 protein spiked into human serum at POC,approaching the LOD of a laboratory test.To achieve this aim,we pursued several innovations as follows:(a)defining a new quantitative figure of merit for LFA design based on the specific to nonspecific binding ratio(BR);(b)using different sizes and shapes of gold nanoparticles(GNPs)in the systematic optimization of TCA LFA designs;and(c)exploring new laser wavelengths and power regimes for TCA LFA designs.First,we optimized the blocking buffer for the membrane and running buffer by quantitatively measuring the BR using a TCA reader.The TCA reader interprets the thermal signal(i.e.,temperature)of GNPs within the membrane when irradiated by a laser at the plasmon resonance wavelength of the particle.This process results in higher detection and quantitation of GNPs than in traditional visual detection(i.e.,color intensity).Further,we investigated the effect of laser power(30,100,200 mW),GNP size and shape(30 and 100 nm gold spheres,150 nm gold-silica shells),and laser wavelength(532,800 nm).Applying these innovations to a new TCA LFA design,we demonstrated that 100nm spheres with a 100 mW 532 nm laser provided the best performance(i.e.,LOD=8pg/ml).This LOD is significantly better than that of the current colorimetric LFA and is in the range of the laboratory-based p24 ELISA.In summary,this TCA LFA for p24 protein shows promise for detecting acute HIV infection in POC settings. | Li Zhan Timothy Granade Yilin Liu Xierong Wei Ae Youngpairoj Vickie Sullivan Jeff Johnson John Bischof | 2020 | Microsystems & Nanoengineering2020，6，1： | 3 |
| 19 | The Impact of AIRS Atmospheric Temperature and Moisture Profiles on Hurricane Forecasts: Ike(2008) and Irene(2011)显示文摘Atmospheric Infra Red Sounder(AIRS) measurements are a valuable supplement to current observational data, especially over the oceans where conventional data are sparse. In this study, two types of AIRS-retrieved temperature and moisture profiles, the AIRS Science Team product(Sci Sup) and the single field-of-view(SFOV) research product, were evaluated with European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) analysis data over the Atlantic Ocean during Hurricane Ike(2008) and Hurricane Irene(2011). The evaluation results showed that both types of AIRS profiles agreed well with the ECMWF analysis, especially between 200 h Pa and 700 h Pa. The average standard deviation of both temperature profiles was approximately 1 K under 200 h Pa, where the mean AIRS temperature profile from the AIRS Sci Sup retrievals was slightly colder than that from the AIRS SFOV retrievals. The mean Sci Sup moisture profile was slightly drier than that from the SFOV in the mid troposphere. A series of data assimilation and forecast experiments was then conducted with the Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model and its three-dimensional variational(3DVAR) data assimilation system for hurricanes Ike and Irene. The results showed an improvement in the hurricane track due to the assimilation of AIRS clear-sky temperature profiles in the hurricane environment. In terms of total precipitable water and rainfall forecasts, the hurricane moisture environment was found to be affected by the AIRS sounding assimilation.Meanwhile, improving hurricane intensity forecasts through assimilating AIRS profiles remains a challenge for further study. | ZHENG Jing Jun LI Timothy J.SCHMIT Jinlong LI Zhiquan LIU | 2015 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2015，32，3： | 3 |
| 20 | Nature:研究鉴定出侵袭性胰腺癌细胞及其弱点显示文摘在一项新的研究中,来自美国德州大学MD安德森癌症中心的研究人员利用患者源性肿瘤异种移植(patient—derived tumorxenograft,PDx)和模式小鼠开展一系列临床前实验,鉴定出一种门卫蛋白(gatekee Perprotein)阻止胰腺癌细胞转化为一种极具侵袭性的细胞类型,并且也发现剔除这种门卫蛋白的疗法能够阻止这些癌细胞。这些发现有助为携带这种进展迅速的治疗抵抗性的胰腺癌细胞亚群的患者开发出潜在的疗法。 | Genovese, Giannicola Carugo, Alessandro Tepper, James Robinson, Frederick Scott Li, Liren Svelto, Maria Nezi, Luigi Corti, Denise Minelli, Rosalba Pettazzoni, Piergiorgio Gutschner, Tony Wu, Chia-Chin Seth, Sahil Akdemir, Kadir Caner Leo, Elisabetta Amin, Samirkumar Dal Molin, Marco Ying, Haoqiang Kwong, Lawrence N. Colla, Simona Takahashi, Koichi Ghosh, Papia Giuliani, Virginia Muller, Florian Dey, Prasenjit Jiang, Shan Garvey, Jill Liu, Chang-Gong Zhang, Jianhua Heffernan, Timothy P. Toniatti, Carlo Fleming, Jason B. Goggins, Michael G. Wood, Laura D. Sgambato, Alessandro Agaimy, Abbas Maitra, Anirban Roberts, Charles W. M. Wang, Huamin Viale, Andrea DePinho, Ronald A. Draetta, Giulio F. Chin, Lynda | 2017 | 现代生物医学进展2017，17，14： | 2 |
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