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| 1 | Materials for evaporation-driven hydrovoltaic technology显示文摘Water constitutes the largest energy carrier on earth,absorbing more than 70%of the solar energy received by the earth's surface,yet its low exploitation has been a constant concern.The hydrovoltaic effect is an emerging technology that generates electricity through the direct interaction between nanomaterials and water of various forms(raindrops,waves,flows,moisture,and natural evaporation).Especially,the evaporation-driven hydrovoltaic effect is a spontaneous and ubiquitous process that can directly convert thermal energy from the surrounding environment into electricity without the demand for additional mechanical work,which shows unique advantages compared with other hydrovoltaic effects.A variety of nanostructured materials have been steadily developed for evaporation-driven hydrovoltaic devices(EHDs)in recent years.However,there has been a lack of a clear specification on the selection and design of materials for improving device performance.Herein,we first analyze the mechanisms of EHDs followed by a summarization of the recent advances in materials,including carbon materials,biomass-based materials,metal oxides,composite materials,and others.We then discuss the strategies for improving the energy conversion efficiency and the output power in terms of structural design,surface modification,and interface treatment.Finally,we provide an outlook on the potential applications of electricity generation,sensors,and desalination technology,as well as the challenges and prospects for the development of this emerging technology in the future. | Chunxiao Zheng Weicun Chu Sunmiao Fang Jin Tan Xiaofan Wang Wanlin Guo | 2022 | Interdisciplinary Materials2022，1，4： | 3 |
| 2 | Geometry effect on water-evaporation-induced voltage in porous carbon black film显示文摘Water-evaporation-induced electricity generation shows great application prospect due to the volt-level voltage induced by natural water evaporation in ambient environment.Increasing investigations have been conducted on water-evaporation-induced electricity in different materials,surface treatments,working mechanisms and wide ranges of practical applications.However,to further enhance the electricity output remains a great challenge.In this study,we fabricated porous carbon black films with isosceles trapezoid shapes to generate water-evaporation-induced electricity,in contrast with the widely used rectangle samples.We found that an isosceles trapezoid film produces two different voltages by inversing the film,because of different flow rates and capillary heights after inversion.The ratio of these voltages varies with the length of longer base when lengths of shorter base and heights are fixed,and the maximum ratio can reach 1.77:1 in our study.This work shows the importance of geometry design in improving the output voltage. | ZHANG ShiYu FANG SunMiao LI LuXian GUO WanLin | 2021 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2021，64，3： | 1 |
| 3 | Copper acetate-facilitated transfer-free growth of high-quality graphene for hydrovoltaic generators显示文摘Direct synthesis of high-quality graphene on dielectric substrates without a transfer process is of vital importance for a variety of applications.Current strategies for boosting high-quality graphene growth,such as remote metal catalyzation,are limited by poor performance with respect to the release of metal catalysts and hence suffer from a problem with metal residues.Herein,we report an effective approach that utilizes a metal-containing species,copper acetate,to continuously supply copper clusters in a gaseous form to aid transfer-free growth of graphene over a wafer scale.The thus-derived graphene films were found to show reduced multilayer density and improved electrical performance and exhibited a carrier mobility of 8500 cm^(2) V^(−1) s^(−1).Furthermore,droplet-based hydrovoltaic electricity generator devices based on directly grown graphene were found to exhibit robust voltage output and long cyclic stability,in stark contrast to their counterparts based on transferred graphene,demonstrating the potential for emerging energy harvesting applications.The work presented here offers a promising solution to organize the metal catalytic booster toward transfer-free synthesis of high-quality graphene and enable smart energy generation. | Jingyuan Shan Sunmiao Fang Wendong Wang Wen Zhao Rui Zhang Bingzhi Liu Li Lin Bei Jiang Haina Ci Ruojuan Liu Wen Wang Xiaoqin Yang Wenyue Guo Mark H.Rummeli Wanlin Guo Jingyu Sun Zhongfan Liu | 2022 | National Science Review2022，9，7： | 0 |
| 4 | Mechanism of water-evaporation-induced electricity beyond streaming potential显示文摘Since its first discovery in 2017,evaporation-induced electricity has attracted extensive attention and shown significant advantages in green energy conversion.While the streaming potential-related electrokinetic effect has been intensively explored and widely recognized as the underlying mechanism,the role of coupling between water molecules and charge carriers in the material remains elusive.Here we show through carefully designed experiments that the streaming potential effect indeed plays a role but can only contribute about half to the total water-evaporation-induced voltage occurring within the partially-wetted region of the carbon black film where the solid-liquid-gas three-phase interface exists.It is also shown that water evaporation from carboxyl and amino-functionalized carbon black films produces opposite voltage signals.Detailed first-principles calculations unveil that the adsorption of water molecules can lead to reversed charge transfer in the carboxyl and amino-functionalized carbon substrates.Finally,an evaporation-driven charge transport mechanism is proposed for the induced electricity mediated by the coupling between water molecules and charge carriers in the material.The results reveal the important role of direct interaction between water molecules and materials,deepening our understanding of the mechanism for evaporation-induced hydrovoltaic effect beyond streaming potential. | Sunmiao Fang Huan Lu Weicun Chu Wanlin Guo | 2024 | Nano Research Energy2024，3，2： | 0 |
| 5 | Role of electrodes in study of hydrovoltaic effects显示文摘The last decade has witnessed the emergence of hydrovoltaic technology,which can harvest electricity from different forms of water movement,such as raindrops,waves,flows,moisture,and natural evaporation.In particular,the evaporation-induced hydrovoltaic effect received great attention since its discovery in 2017 due to its negative heat emission property.Nevertheless,the influence of electrode reactions in evaporation-induced power generation is not negligible due to the chemical reaction between active metal electrodes and water,which leads to“exceptional”power generation.Herein,we designed a series of experiments based on air-laid paper devices with electrodes of different activities as the top and bottom electrodes.To verify the contribution of electrodes,we compared the output performance of different electrode combinations when the device was partially-wetted and fully-wetted.The device hydrophilicity,salt concentration,and acidity or basicity of solutions were also comprehensively investigated.It is demonstrated that the chemical reaction of active metals(Zn,Cu,Ag,etc.)with different aqueous solutions can generate considerable electrical energy and significantly distort the device performance,especially for Zn electrodes with an output voltage from~1.26 to~1.52 V and current from~1.24 to~75.69μA.To promote the long-term development of hydrovoltaic technology,we recommend use of inert electrodes in hydrovoltaic studies,such as Au and Pt,especially in water and moisture environment. | Chunxiao Zheng Sunmiao Fang Weicun Chu Jin Tan Bingkun Tian Xiaofeng Jiang Wanlin Guo | 2023 | Nano Research2023，16，8： | 0 |
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