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| 1 | Urban-Rural Comparison of HBV and HCV Infection Prevalence in Eastern China显示文摘The present study was initiated to make an urban rural comparison of the prevalence of cases positive to hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV, respectively) infection markers in densely populated eastern half of China. For this purpose, 10 survey sites were selected, i.e., six sites in urban areas (the city group; Beijing, Shanghai and four provincial capitals) and four sites in rural areas (the village group ; one village each in Jilin and Shandong Provinces, and two villages in Shaanxi Province). About 50 adult women per site volunteered to participate, from whom 494 valid blood samples were collected. Positivities to HBsAg (HBsAg +), anti HBs (anti HBs +) and anti HBc (anti HBc +) were examined by RIA methods, and that to anti HCV (anti HCV +) by either EIA or RIA. Those positive to any one of the three HBV infection markers were taken as HBV infection positive (HBV +). The prevalence of HBsAg +, HBV + and anti HBc + was 8%, 70% and 2.7% in the city group, and 8%, 65% and 2.0% in the village group, and no significant difference was found between the two groups. The overall prevalence was 8% for HBsAg +, 68% for HBV +, and 2.4% for anti HCV +. The results were discussed in reference to some 20 papers each on HBV + and anti HCV + prevalence in China published since 1991. The reviewing of these papers confirmed that the prevalence of HBV was high (i.e., in excess of 50%), whereas the prevalence of anti HCV was low (well below 5%), and that no substantial difference was found between the rural and urban populations. | QU JIANG-BIN ZHANG ZUO-WEN SHINICHIRO SHIMBO TAKAO WATANABE HARUO NAKATSUKA NAOKO MATSUDA-INOGUCHI KAE HIGASHIKAWA MASAYUKI IKEDA | 2000 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2000，13，4： | 3 |
| 2 | Non-occupational lead and cadmium exposure of adult women in Bangkok, Thailand显示文摘 | Zuo-Wen Zhang Shinichiro Shimbo Takao Watanabe Songsak Srianujata Orapin Banjong Chureeporn Chitchumroonchokchai Haruo Nakatsuka Naoko Matsuda-Inoguchi Kae Higashikawa Masayuki Ikeda | 1999 | Science of the Total Environment1999，，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Cadmium and lead contents in rice and other cereal products in Japan in 1998-2000显示文摘 | Shinichiro Shimbo Zuo-Wen Zhang Takao Watanabe | 2001 | The Science of the Total Environment2001，281，： | 1 |
| 4 | Determination of lead and cadmium in food and blood by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: a comparison with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry显示文摘 | Zuo-Wen Zhang Shinichiro Shimbo Noriko Ochi Masumi Eguchi Takao Watanabe Chan-Seok Moon Masayuki Ikeda | 1997 | Science of the Total Environment1997，，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Lead and cadmium contents in cereals and pulses in north-eastern China显示文摘 | Zuo-Wen Zhang Takao Watanabe Shinichiro Shimbo | 1998 | The Science of the Total Environment1998，220，： | 1 |
| 6 | Urban-Rural Comparison of Nutrient Intake by Adult Women in Shaanxi Province, China显示文摘Triplet surveys were conducted in the city of Xi’an and two villages (one in the vicinity and the other at a distance) in Shaanxi fuvince in China in October-November (when agricultural activitis were low), 1997, to elucidate nutrient intakes with a focus on possible urban-rural differences. Total food duplicate samples were collected from non-smoking and non-habitually dhnking adult healthy women (ahout 50 subjects per site and 149 in total). The nutrient intakes were estimated from the weight of food items in reference to national food composition tables. On average, the women took 1873 kcal energy, 54 g protein and 37 g lipid per day, with a lipid eneny ratio of 18.4%. Both excess and insufficient energy intake was observed as a result of food intake analysis and body mass index determination. With regard to minor nutrient intakes, insufficiency was serious in the case of calcium, vitamin A and vitamin B2, but not with iron. Whereas dependency on plant foods for sources of energy and protein was common to the three regions, Xi’ an people consumed more animal foods than those in the villages. Intake of fish and shellfish was quite low throughout the three regions. Among the four types of cereals, wheat was consumed most substantially in the three regions and in three meals (except for the village where people essentially did not take lunch in reflection of low agricultural activities), whereas rice was consumed more in Xi’an than in the two villages. Maize consumption was higher in the two villages (especially for breakfast) than in the city.In contrast, foxtail millet (although in small amounts) was taken primarily in Xi’an and ouly at the time of breakfast. | HARUO NAKATSUKA ZHANG ZUO-WEN QU JIANG-BIN GAO WEI-PIN DENG YI-JUAN SHINICHIRO SHIMBO TAKAO WATANABE NAOKO INOGUCHI-MATSUDA KAE HIGASHIKAWA AND MasAYUKI IKEDA(Miyagi University, Taiwa-cho 981-3298, Japan)(Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyoto Wome | 1999 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences1999，12，4： | 0 |
| 7 | Comparative Assay of Hepatitis B and C Virus Infection Markers by Different Assay Kits^1显示文摘In order to compare sensitivity of EIA and RIA assay kits for hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV, respectively) infection markers, 100 serum samples in total were collected form 50 adult women each in urban and rural areas in northeast China. The number of positive cases to the three infection markers on HBV (i.e., HBsAg +, anti HBs +, and anti HBc +) and the one on HCV (anti HCV +) were examined in two laboratories, i.e., in Laboratory A with EIA kits produced in China and in Laboratory B with RIA kits. HCV infection positivity (anti HCV +) was examined by EIA kits in both laboratories, but from different sources in and outside of China, respectively. The assay in Laboratory A gave 2 HBsAg + cases out of the 100 cases examined, whereas there were 9 positive cases in Laboratory B. In contrast, 19 cases were positive to anti HCV when examined in Laboratory A, and there were 3 cases in Laboratory B. Thus, the kits used in Laboratory A gave fewer HBsAg + and more anti HCV + cases than the kits used in Laboratory B. The prevalence of anti HBs + or anti HBc + and cases did not differ when assayed in the two laboratories with EIA and RIA kits, respectively. The agreement of positive and negative findings between the two sets of testing were 93%, 93%, 93%, 86% and 82% for HBsAg, anti HBs, anti HBc, HBV (i.e., either positive to anyone of the three markers or negative to all three markers), and anti HCV, respectively. The implication of the observation on epidemiology on HBV and HCV infection prevalence was discussed. | SHINICHIRO SHIMBO, ZHANG ZUO WEN, QU JIANG BIN , TAKAO WATANABE , HARUO MAKATSUKA △, NAOKO MATSUDA INOGUCHI △, KAE HIGASHIKAWA □, AND MASAYUKI IKEDA △, 2 Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyoto Women’s University, Kyoto 6 | 2000 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2000，13，3： | 0 |
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