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| 1 | Finding of ancient materials in Cathaysia and implication for the formation of Precambrian crust显示文摘在 Nanxiongarea 从帕拉片麻岩为 56 由岩屑形成的锆石标明日期的 U-Pb,北广东省,显示在 Cathaysiahinterland 的最近的 Neoproterozoic 沉积由众多的 Grenvillian 和 Neoarchaean 组成碎屑状的材料,以及 someMesoproterozoic 岩屑。次要的 Paleoarchaean (3.76 Ga ) 和 Mesoarchaean (3.0—3.2 Ga ) 锆石,是在华南的最旧的锆石,第一也在沉积被发现,建议卡赛西亚·布洛克可以包含很旧的材料。thirty-sevenzircons 的 Hf 同位素作文表明这些碎屑状的材料有不同起源。次要的锆石从产生从的岩浆结晶相对少年外壳,当大多数锆石的父母岩浆从古老的外壳被导出时。U-Pb 标明日期和这些锆石的 Hf 同位素分析的集成建议在 Cathaysia 块的少年外壳的产生主要发生在 2.5 点—2.6Ga。Mesoarchaean (3.0—3.3 Ga ) ,迟了的 Paleoproterozoic (~ 1 .8 Ga ) 和 Paleoarchaean (~ 3 .7 Ga ) 可以也是外壳的生长的重要事件。Grenvillian magmatism 是极其强烈的,但是它主要涉及与少年外壳的很少形成古老的外壳的部件再循环。~ 2 .1 Ga Hf 模型年龄的 Themarked 存在和有结晶化的锆石的缺席在~ 2 .1 Ga 变老建议许多锆石的父母岩浆可能从由 Neoarchaean 和迟了的 Paleoproterozoic 材料组成的混合来源被导出。 | YU JinHai Y S O'REILLY WANG LiJuan W L GRIFFIN JIANG ShaoYong WANG RuCheng XU XiSheng | 2007 | Chinese Science Bulletin2007，52，1： | 47 |
| 2 | AGNP精神科治疗药物监测共识指南:2011显示文摘治疗药物监测(Therapeutic drug monitoring,TDM),如通过定量测定血清或血浆药物浓度指导用药剂量优化,已经成为对患者进行精神药物治疗的很有价值的工具。在患者用药依从性难以判断、药物耐受性不佳、治疗剂量下无效以及可能存在药代动力学药物-药物相互作用等情况下,测定药物浓度是很有用的。在精神科,有可能明显获益于TDM的主要患者群体包括儿童、孕妇、老年患者、智力障碍患者、涉及司法的患者、已知或怀疑携带药代动力学相关基因变异的患者,以及合并躯体疾病影响药代动力学的患者。然而,只有将TDM充分整合到临床治疗过程中去,才能发挥其优化药物治疗的潜在优势。为了促进TDM的合理应用,神经精神药理学与药物精神病学协会(Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Neuropsychopharmakologie und Pharmakopsychiatrie,AGNP)的TDM专家组在2004年发表了精神药物治疗药物监测指南。之后,随着知识不断更新,又有许多可能需要进行TDM的新药上市。因此,本次更新将神经精神药物的种类扩展到了128种,并将其TDM必要性划分为从'强烈推荐'到'可能有用'的四个等级。经过大量细致且全面的文献检索与分门别类的汇总整理,将基于循证医学理念的'治疗参考浓度范围'和'剂量相关参考浓度范围'呈现给大家。本共识指南引入了'实验室警戒浓度'的新概念,即实验室需要马上告知治疗医生的药物浓度上限。本共识指南还给出了诸如药物作为细胞色素P450酶的底物和抑制剂的性质,代谢物与母药浓度比值的常见范围,以及与结果解释相关的内容,还提供了何时将TDM与遗传药理学检测相结合的建议。遵循本指南,有助于改善许多患者精神药物治疗的效果,特别是那些存在药代动力学异常的患者。TDM是一门交叉学科,有时针对看起来不一致的数据,需要多学科坦诚地讨论,只有这样,患者才能从这种合作中获益。 | Hiemke C Baumann P Bergemann N Conca A Dietmaier O Egberts K Fric M Gerlach M Greiner C Gründer G Haen E Havemann-Reinecke U Jaquenoud Sirot E Kirchherr H Laux G Lutz UC Messer T Müller MJ Pfuhlmann B Rambeck B Riederer P Schoppek B Stingl J Uhr M Ulrich S Waschgler R Zernig G 李文标(译) 果伟(译) 阮灿军(译) 贺静(译) 汤宜朗(审校) 王传跃(审校) | 2016 | 实用药物与临床2016，19，10： | 37 |
| 3 | 尿钠排泄、血压、心血管病与死亡率的关系:社区前瞻性流行病学队列研究显示文摘WHO建议人群钠摄人<2 g/d作为预防心血管病的措施之一,但这一目标在任何国家都没有实现。该建议主要基于短期血压试验的个体水平数据,没有来自随机试验或观察性研究的关于低钠摄入与降低心血管事件的数据。前瞻性城市农村流行病学研究目前正在21个国家进行。该文对其中18个国家的数据进行分析,其中包含了临床结果数据。 | Mente A O'Donnell M Rangarajan S McQueen M Dagenais G Wielgosz A Lear S Ah STL Wei L Diaz R Avezum A Lopez-Jaramillo P Lanas F Mony P Szuba A Iqbal R Yusuf R Mohammadifard N Khatib R Yusoff K Ismail N Gulec S Rosengren A Yusufali A Kruger L Tsolekile LP Chifamba J Dans A Alhabib KF Yeates K Teo K Yusuf S 刘莉 叶鹏 | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，12： | 29 |
| 4 | 2018加拿大心境障碍与焦虑障碍治疗协作组/国际双相障碍学会指南:双相障碍的管理显示文摘加拿大心境障碍与焦虑障碍治疗协作组(Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments,CANMAT)曾于2005年发布了第1版双相障碍管理指南,并分别于2007、2009和2013年对该指南进行了更新,其中最近的2次更新是与国际双相障碍学会(International Society for Bipolar Disorders,ISBD)合作完成。2018版CANMAT/ISBD双相障碍治疗指南(以下简称指南)反映了自2005年首版指南发表以来本领域取得的重大进展,包括疾病诊断与疾病管理的更新以及药物治疗与心理治疗的近期研究进展。这些前沿进展中综合考虑了循证证据的级别,并基于治疗疗效、临床实践经验、安全性、耐受性和药物导致的转相风险等,对一线、二线及三线治疗方案进行了简明而清晰的推荐。本指南中新增内容涵盖了双相Ⅰ型障碍(BD-Ⅰ)的躁狂发作急性期、抑郁发作急性期和双相障碍维持期的一线及二线治疗推荐等级划分。这种对治疗推荐等级的划分综合考虑了治疗方法对双相障碍不同时相的影响,将进一步帮助临床医生做出基于循证证据的治疗决策。锂盐、喹硫平、双丙戊酸盐、阿塞那平、阿立哌唑、帕利哌酮、利培酮和卡利拉嗪单药或联合使用被推荐为躁狂发作急性期的一线治疗选择。BD-Ⅰ抑郁期的一线治疗选择包括喹硫平、鲁拉西酮、锂盐、拉莫三嗪单药,鲁拉西酮联合锂盐或双丙戊酸盐或拉莫三嗪辅助治疗。尽管急性期治疗有效的药物通常应继续用于BD-Ⅰ的维持期治疗,但也存在一些特殊情况(例如抗抑郁药)。现有数据表明,锂盐、喹硫平、双丙戊酸盐、拉莫三嗪、阿塞那平和阿立哌唑单药或联合治疗应被视为维持治疗的初始或更换治疗方案时的一线选择。除了探讨BD-Ⅰ的相关问题外,本指南中还对双相Ⅱ型障碍(BD-Ⅱ)的临床管理进行了系统回顾并给予治疗推荐,同时针对特殊人群也有相关推荐,如处于各个生殖周期的女性、儿童、青少年和老年人。此外,本指南中还讨论了特定精神疾病及共病(如物质滥用、焦虑障碍和代谢性疾病)的影响。最后,本指南中概述了安全性和药物监测的相关问题。CANMAT/ISBD工作组希望本指南能够成为全球临床医生的实用工具。 | Lakshmi N Yatham Sidney H Kennedy Sagar V Parikh Ayal Sehaffer David J Bond Benicio N Frey Verinder Sharma Benjamin I Goldstein Soham Rej Serge Beaulieu Martin Alda Glenda MaeQueen Roumen V Milev Arun Ravindran Claire O'Donovan Diane Mclntosh Raymond W Lam Gustavo Vazquez Flavio Kapczinski Roger S Melntyre Jan Kozicky Shigenobu Kanba Beny Lafer Trisha Suppes Joseph R Calabrese Eduard Vieta Gin Malhi Robert M Post Michael Berk 胡晨(译) 王刚(译) | 2019 | 中华精神科杂志2019，52，1： | 25 |
| 5 | OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF GeO_2 AND Ge NANOCRYSTALS显示文摘he co m pound m aterial of n m size particles Ge O2 Si O2 w as synthesied through hydrolysis of Si( O C2 H4) and Ge Cl4 . A heat treatm ent w as carried out for the sa m ples at 100 ~1200 ℃in air . Its optical property w as deter mined by U V Vis spectur m . We have found that theabsorption edge of spectru m shifted progressively to longer w avelengths . The quantu m size ef fect of nanocrystals appears because crystals gro w and energy of optical band gap reduces d ueto the influence of te m perature . By the analysis of X ray diffraction w e have observed theprocess in w hich the structure of particles changed fro m disorder into order . | Y.H.Zhou 1) ,Y.Y.Feng 2) and H.Y.Lu 2) 1)Department of Physics Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097,China 2)Physics and Ch寁O P T I C A L P R O P E R T I E S O F Ge O2 A N D Ge N A N O C R Y S T A L S Y. H. Zhou1) , Y. Y. Feng2) | 1999 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)1999，12，5： | 22 |
| 6 | 高光谱遥感在农作物长势监测中的应用显示文摘该研究是加拿大Saskatchewan Scott农作物轮作系统(ACS)研究的一部分。研究始于1994年,历时18a,评价9个可耕种农作物产量系统的可靠性。由3种处理水平(organic,reduced,high)和3种作物多样性水平(low,diversified annual grains,diversified annual perennials)结合而产生的9个农作物产量系统,被用于监测和评价加拿大牧场不同处理和不同作物种植轮作下可耕种农作物的产量。在2003年生长季共收集了3次叶面积指数和光谱反射率的数据:生长季前期(6月)、生长季旺盛期(7月)、生长季后期(8月)。叶面积指数是由LAI-2000植物冠层分析仪监测的,光谱测量是由覆盖了350-2500 nm波长范围共2215个波段的ADS便携式高光谱仪完成的。结果显示,光学测量可以用于监测农作物生长状况的差异。从生长季的早期到中期,光谱和叶面积指数在不同处理下有显著差异。7月中期是用遥感资料监测农作物长势的最佳季节;红光波段与近红外波段反射率的比值和基于这两个波段构造的归一化植被指数,是检测农作物长势的最佳植被指数。 | 郑有飞 Guo X Olfert O Brandt S Thomas G Weiss R Sproule L | 2007 | 气象与环境科学2007，30，1： | 22 |
| 7 | Management of biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation:The role of endoscopy显示文摘Biliary complications are signifi cant causes of morbidity and mortality after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The estimated incidence of biliary complications after OLT ranges between 10%-25%,however,these numbers continue to decline due to improvement in surgical techniques. The most common biliary complications are strictures (both anastomotic and non-anastomotic) and bile leaks. Most of these problems can be appropriately managed with endoscopic retrograde colangiography (ERC). Other complications such as bile duct stones,bile casts,sphincter of Oddi dysfunction,and hemobilia,are less frequent and also can be managed with ERC. This article will review the risk factors,diagnosis,and endoscopic management of the most common biliary complications after OLT. | Maria C Londoo Domingo Balderramo Andrés Cárdenas | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，4： | 22 |
| 8 | 赣南存在古元古代基底:来自上犹陡水煌斑岩中捕虏锆石的U-Pb-Hf同位素证据显示文摘对赣南上犹县侵入于陡水加里东期花岗岩的煌斑岩的地球化学进行了分析,并重点分析了其中锆石的U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成.岩石学和地球化学特征显示陡水煌斑岩属于高钾弱碱性辉云煌斑岩,高Mg#(0.74),Ni(253μg/g),Cr(893μg/g),但又富REE,Rb,Sr,Ba和K等不相容元素表明其母岩浆可能起源于被非壳源介质交代过的富集地幔.形貌学和LAM-ICPMSU-Pb定年显示煌斑岩中的锆石都是捕获的,大多数形成于古元古代晚期1.86Ga,少量形成于显生宙的不同时期.古元古代锆石具有岩浆成因特征并具有相似的176Hf/177Hf和176Lu/177Hf同位素比值,表明它们来源于同一火成岩基底.该基底年龄和Hf同位素组成相似于浙南龙泉地区古元古代花岗岩,而不同于南岭地区的基底组成,说明研究区属于东华夏武夷地块的古元古代基底向西延伸的一部分.这些古元古代锆石具有低的Hf同位素组成,显示壳源特征.Hf模式年龄,以及老的继承核的存在和结合前人的资料,表明古元古代岩浆活动的源岩是新太古代地壳,暗示武夷地块存在更老的基底.古元古代克拉通化后,武夷地块一直稳定达1.0Ga以上.5颗显生宙锆石的U-Pb年龄和Hf组成表明研究区深部的古元古代基底在加里东期、印支期和燕山早期受到了多期岩浆活动的改造,而且在加里东时期的岩浆活动还可能伴有新生地壳的再造. | 于津海 王丽娟 O’Reilly S Y 舒良树 孙涛 | 2009 | 科学通报2009，54，7： | 22 |
| 9 | 短期针刺足三里对脂多糖诱导的大鼠急性肺损伤的预防作用(英文)显示文摘目的:研究短期手法针刺足三里治疗对脂多糖诱导的实验性大鼠急性肺损伤的预防作用。方法:根据是否进行脂多糖刺激及采用的针刺方法的不同,将32只 Wistar 大鼠随机分为4组,即正常对照组、模型组、假针刺组和针刺组,每组8只。假针刺组和针刺组大鼠行手法针刺治疗,连续治疗4 d,每次 5 min。第4天针刺后采用脂多糖刺激诱导大鼠急性肺损伤。第5天,收集外周血、支气管肺泡灌洗液和骨髓等进行白细胞计数。结果:血细胞计数和支气管肺泡灌洗液细胞计数提示,针刺可减轻急性肺损伤大鼠的炎性反应,假针刺也有轻微的效果。正常对照组和模型组大鼠无明显的炎性反应。与正常对照组比较,模型组肺泡灌洗液中细胞计数增加;与假针刺组比较,针刺组肺泡灌选液中细胞计数减少,但差异没有统计学意义。结论:预防性手法针刺足三里可减轻脂多糖诱导的大鼠急性肺损伤,但其相关免疫机制仍待进一步的研究。 | Arthur de Sá FERREIRA Januário Gomes Mourāo e LIMA Tatiana Pereira Teixeira FERREIRA Camila Madeira Tavares LOPES Rubens MEYER | 2009 | 中西医结合学报2009，7，10： | 21 |
| 10 | 血管性认知障碍的诊断标准:国际血管性行为与认知障碍学会的申明显示文摘长期以来,脑血管病(CVD)就被认为是认知损害的一个重要原因,但是有关脑血管病后认知障碍的概念化却有着一段多变的历史。'动脉变硬'或脑的动脉粥样硬化是'老化'的原因,是存在已久的观点,在20世纪60年代受到了来自英格兰纽卡斯尔的神经病理学研究的质疑。这些研究表明,血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,Va D)与超过一定程度的多发性脑梗死有关。 | 徐岩 郭起浩 Sachdev P Kalaria R O'Brien J Skoog I Alladi S Black SE Blacker D Blazer DG Chen C Chui H Ganguli M Jellinger K Jeste DV Pasquier F Paulsen J Prins N Rockwood K Roman G Scheltens P | 2014 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2014，11，3： | 19 |
| 11 | Platelet count/spleen diameter ratio to predict esophageal varices in Mexican patients with hepatic cirrhosis显示文摘AIM:To validate whether the platelet count/spleen size ratio can be used to predict the presence of esophageal varices in Mexican patients with hepatic cirrhosis.METHODS:This was an analytical cross-sectional study to validate the diagnostic test for hepatic cirrhosis and was performed between February 2010 and December 2011.Patients with a diagnosis of hepatic cirrhosis were included and stratified using their ChildPugh score.Biochemical parameters were evaluated,and ultrasound was used to measure the longest diameter of the spleen.The platelet count/spleen diameter ratio was calculated and analyzed to determine whether it can predict the presence of esophageal varices.Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was used as the gold standard.Sensitivity and specificity,positive and negative predictive values,and positive and negative likelihood ratios were determined,with the cutoff points determined by receiver-operating characteristic curves.RESULTS:A total of 91 patients were included.The mean age was 53.75±12 years;50(54.9%)were men,and 41(45.0%)women.The etiology of cirrhosis included alcohol in 48(52.7%),virally induced in24(26.3%),alcoholism plus hepatitis C virus in three(3.2%),cryptogenic in nine(9.8%),and primary biliary cirrhosis in seven(7.6%).Esophageal varices were present in 73(80.2%)patients.Child-Pugh classification,17(18.6%)patients were classified as class A,37(40.6%)as class B,and 37(40.6%)as class C.The platelet count/spleen diameter ratio to detect esophageal varices independent of the grade showed using a cutoff value of≤884.3,had 84%sensitivity,70%specificity,and positive and negative predictive values of 94%and 40%,respectively.CONCLUSION:Our results suggest that the platelet count/spleen diameter ratio may be a useful tool for detecting esophageal varices in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. | Alejandro González-Ojeda Gabino Cervantes-Guevara Manuela Chávez-Sánchez Carlos Dávalos-Cobián Susana Ornelas-Cázares Michel Dassaejv Macías-Amezcua Mariana Chávez-Tostado Kenia Militzi Ramírez-Campos Anaís del Rocío Ramírez-Arce Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，8： | 18 |
| 12 | Increased proliferation activity measured by immunoreactive Ki67 is associated with survival improvement in rectal/recto sigmoid cancer显示文摘AIM: To assess the expression of Ki67 as prognosticator in rectal/recto sigmoid cancer.METHODS: Samples from 146 patients with rectal and recto sigmoid cancer were studied for expression of Ki67 and its prognostic significance in comparison with clinicopathological predictors of survival. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 6 (4.1%) patients with T1, 26 (17.8%) with T2, 94 (64.4%) with T3, and 20 (13.7%) with T4 tumors were studied. Ki67 expression was determined immunohistochemically. Samples were divided according to mean value into high (>40%) and low (≤40%) expression. Areas of extensive proliferation (>50%) were defined as 'hot spot' areas. RESULTS: Hot spot areas were present in samples regardless of histopathological grade. Lower TNM and Dukes stage and higher expression of Ki67 and presence of Ki67 hot spot areas in histopathological samples were associated with better survival, whereas no association was observed with histopathological grade (P = 0.78). In Cox multivariate regression analysis, significant prognostic factors were Dukes stage (P<0.001), presence of lymph node metastases (P = 0.015), age (P = 0.035) andpresence of Ki67 hot spot areas (P = 0.044). CONCLUSION: Proliferative activity as measured by Ki67 in rectal cancer is associated with survival improvement compared with patients with low Ki67. Areas of prognostically significant increased proliferation were found independently of histopathological tumor grade. | Eeva Salminen Salla Palmu Tero Vahlberg Peter J.Roberts Karl-Owe S(o|¨)derstr(o|¨)m | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，21： | 15 |
| 13 | 非常规油气开发中润湿性反转技术的应用显示文摘研究了适用于非常规油气储集层的岩石润湿性测量方法,总结了非常规油气储集层岩石润湿性特征,分析了非常规油气储集层岩石润湿性反转技术的应用情况,并介绍了研究表面活性剂与非常规油气储集层岩石润湿性间关系的实验方法。研究表明:接触角法、核磁共振法和Zeta电位测量法是评估非常规油气储集层岩石润湿性最恰当的方法,非常规油气储集层呈现出中性润湿到油湿的混合润湿特性。润湿性反转技术在非常规油气储集层中的应用目前仅限于添加表面活性剂。在压裂液中加入表面活性剂可改变非常规油气储集层岩石润湿性从而提高原油采收率。借助稳定性实验、润湿性反转评估实验、界面张力实验、自吸实验、压吸实验和吸附实验等可评估表面活性剂改变润湿性及提高采收率的效率。 | ALVAREZ J O SCHECHTER D S | 2016 | 石油勘探与开发2016，43，5： | 15 |
| 14 | Computed tomography-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy in pancreatic tumor diagnosis显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the techniques, results, and complications related to computed tomography(CT)-guided percutaneous core needle biopsies of solid pancreatic lesions.METHODS: CT-guided percutaneous biopsies of solid pancreatic lesions performed at a cancer reference center between January 2012 and September 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Biopsy material was collected with a 16-20 G Tru-Core needle(10-15 cm; Angiotech, Vancouver, CA) using a coaxial system and automatic biopsy gun. When direct access to the lesion was not possible, indirect(transgastric or transhepatic) access or hydrodissection and/or pneumodissection maneuvers were used. Characteristics of the patients, lesions, procedures, and histologic results were recorded using a standardized form. RESULTS: A total of 103 procedures included in the study were performed on patients with a mean age of 64.8 year(range: 39-94 year). The mean size of the pancreatic lesions was 45.5 mm(range: 15-195 mm). Most(75/103, 72.8%) procedures were performed via direct access, though hydrodissection and/or pneumodissection were used in 22.2%(23/103) of cases and indirect transhepatic or transgastric access was used in 4.8%(5/103) of cases. Histologic analysis was performed on all biopsies, and diagnoses were conclusive in 98.1%(101/103) of cases, confirming3.9%(4/103) of tumors were benign and 94.2%(97/103) were malignant; results were atypical in 1.9%(2/103) of cases, requiring a repeat biopsy to diagnose a neuroendocrine tumor, and surgical resection to confirm a primary adenocarcinoma. Only mild/moderate complications were observed in 9/103 patients(8.7%),and they were more commonly associated with biopsies of lesions located in the head/uncinate process(n =8), than of those located in the body/tail(n = 1) of the pancreas, but this difference was not significant.CONCLUSION: CT-guided biopsy of a pancreatic lesion is a safe procedure with a high success rate, and is an excellent option for minimally invasive diagnosis. | Chiang J Tyng Maria Fernanda A Almeida Paula NV Barbosa Almir GV Bitencourt José Augusto AG Berg Macello S Maciel Felipe JF Coimbra Luiz Henrique O Schiavon Maria Dirlei Begnami Marcos D Guimares Charles E Zurstrassen Rubens Chojniak | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，12： | 14 |
| 15 | ApoB-100, ApoE and CYP7A1 gene polymorphisms in Mexican patients with cholesterol gallstone disease显示文摘AIM: To determine the possible association of the ApoB100 (Xba Ⅰ ), ApoE (Hha Ⅰ ) and CYP7A1 (Bsa Ⅰ ) gene polymorphisms, with the development of cholesterol gallstone disease (GD) in a Mexican population. METHODS: The polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism, in two groups matched by ethnicity, age and sex: patients with GD (n = 101) and stone-free control subjects (n = 101). RESULTS: Allelic frequencies in patients and controls were: 34.16% vs 41.58% (P = 0.124) for X+of ApoB-100; 4.46% vs 5.94% (P = 0.501) for E2, 85.64% vs 78.22% (P = 0.052) for E3, 9.90% vs 15.84% (P = 0.075) for E4 of ApoE; and 25.74% vs 27.72% (P = 0.653) for C of CYP7A1. Differences in genotypic frequencies between the studied groups were not significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: These results demonstrated that no association exists between the studied polymorphisms and cholelithiasis in this high prevalent population. | Sánchez-Cuén Jaime Aguilar-Medina Maribel Arámbula-Meraz Eliakym Romero-Navarro José Granados Julio Sicairos-Medina Laura Ramos-Payán Rosalío | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，37： | 14 |
| 16 | Blood pressure,prevalence of hypertension and hypertension related complications in Nigerian Africans:A review显示文摘To review studies on hypertension in Nigeria over the past five decades in terms of prevalence,awareness and treatment and complications.Following our search on Pubmed,African Journals Online and the World Health Organization Global cardiovascular infobase,1060 related references were identified out of which 43 were found to be relevant for this review.The overall prevalence of hypertension in Nigeria ranges from 8%-46.4% depending on the study target population,type of measurement and cut-off value used for defining hypertension.The prevalence is similar in men and women(7.9%-50.2% vs 3.5%-68.8%,respectively) and in the urban(8.1%-42.0%) and rural setting(13.5%-46.4%).The pooled prevalence increased from 8.6% from the only study during the period from 1970-1979 to 22.5%(2000-2011).Awareness,treatment and control of hypertension were generally low with attendant high burden of hypertension related complications.In order to improve outcomes of cardiovascular disease in Africans,public health education to improve awareness of hypertension is required.Further epidemiological studies on hypertension are required to adequately understand and characterize the impact of hypertension in society. | Okechukwu S Ogah Ikechi Okpechi Innocent I Chukwuonye Joshua O Akinyemi Basden JC Onwubere Ayodele O Falase Simon Stewart Karen Sliwa | 2012 | World Journal of Cardiology2012，4，12： | 13 |
| 17 | Central serotonergic and noradrenergic receptors in functional dyspepsia显示文摘机能性消化不良是上面的腹的不快或疼痛,早饱足,马达畸形,当器质性病不在时的腹的膨胀和恶心描述的综合征。中枢神经系统在进行并且处理内脏的信号起一个重要作用。在大脑处理疼痛,感觉和感情方面的回答的改变可以是在机能性消化不良的致病的关键因素。中央 serotonergic 和也不肾上腺素能的受体系统涉及处理马达,感觉并且胃肠道的分泌活动。内脏的超敏性当前在机能性消化不良被认为是为马达改变和腹的疼痛负责的机制。一些研究建议在中央 serotonergic 和可以部分解释一些机能性消化不良的症状的也不肾上腺素能的系统有改变。在自主神经系统的改变可以在在内脏的敏感的马达畸形和这些病人的增加被含有。去甲肾上腺素是在交感神经系统的主要 neurotransmitter,再,在这个系统工作的改变可以在运动机能导致变化。机能性消化不良在病人和社会上引起可观的负担。机能性消化不良的病理生理学充分没被理解,但是在由 serotonergic 和也不肾上腺素能的系统的中央处理的改变可以为症状的至少一些提供貌似合理的解释并且为未来提供可能的治疗目标。 | S O'Mahony TG Dinan PW Keeling ASB Chua | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，17： | 13 |
| 18 | 限制性与自由输血策略对心血管疾病患者非心脏手术效果的影响:系统回顾与Meta分析显示文摘目的比较采取限制性与自由输血策略的心血管疾病患者的非心脏手术结局。数据来源搜集涉及医院红细胞输注阈值的随机控制试验。检索CENTRAL、Medline、EMBase、CINAHL、PubMed、LILACS、NHSBT输血证据库、Clinical Trials.gov、WHO国际临床试验注册平台、国际标准随机对照临床试验编号登记、欧盟临床试验登记。检索时间为2015-11-02之前。试验选择选取发表与未发表的比较限制性与自由输血阈值的随机控制试验,试验均纳入心血管疾病患者。结果检索到41项试验,其中7项试验纳入心血管疾病患者。另选取4项纳入心血管疾病患者的试验。最终共搜集11项纳入心血管疾病患者(n=3 033)的试验进行Meta分析(限制性输血1 514例,自由输血1 519例)。输血阈值与30 d死亡率之间联系的汇集风险比例为1.15〔95%CI(0.88,1.50),P=0.50〕,异质性较小(I^2=14%)。限制性输血患者的急性冠脉综合征风险与自由输血患者相比更高〔9项试验;风险比例1.78,95%CI(1.18,2.70),P=0.01,I^2=0%〕。结论对急性冠脉综合征或慢性心血管疾病患者采取80 g/L以下的限制性输血阈值可能并不安全,对病死率与其他结局的影响并不确定。这些数据可暂时支持对急性或慢性心血管疾病患者使用更加自由的输血阈值(>80 g/L),但有待更具有说服力的高质量的心血管疾病患者随机试验进行验证。 | Docherty AB O' Donnell R Brunskill S 本刊编辑部 | 2016 | 中国全科医学2016，19，15： | 12 |
| 19 | Interplay between nitric oxide and VIP in CCK-8-induced phasic contractile activity in the rabbit sphincter of Oddi显示文摘AIM: The sphincter of Oddi (SO) plays an important role in delivery of bile into the duodenum. To establish whether vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and nitric oxide (NO) were involved in phasic contractile activity of the rabbit SO stimulated by cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8).METHODS: Isolated SO muscle rings were cleaned of fat and mounted horizontally on two small L-shaped hooksone of which was connected to a force transducer for the measurement of isometric tension. The experiments were carried out in a thermostatically controlled (37±0.2℃)organ bath (5 mL) containing Krebs solution. The organ fluid was gassed with 95% O2 and 50 mL/L CO2 to keep the pH at 7.40±0.05. Contractile responses to CCK-8 (1μmol/L) were evaluated in the presence and absence of N^G-nitro-L-arginine (LNNA), an inhibitor of NO synthase (100μmol/L), and (p-chloro-D-Phe^6-Leu^17)-VIP (VIPa,30μmol/L), a VIP receptor antagonist.RESULTS: CCK-8 stimulated the phasic activity of the SO.NO synthase inhibition increased the frequency and amplitude of contractions with a slight increase in developed tension.Pre-incubation with VIPa also attenuated this CCK-8 effect.The combined application of LNNA and VIPa abolished the phasic activity of the muscle rings with a marked increase in tension in response to CCK-8.CONCLUSION: VIP and NO together contribute to an increase in phasic activity of SO. | Attila Pálv(o|¨)lgyi Réka Sári József Németh Annamária Szabolcs István Nagy Péter Hegyi János Lonovics Zoltán Szilvássy | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，21： | 11 |
| 20 | Passive expansion of sub-maximally dilated transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts and assessment of clinical outcomes显示文摘AIM To assess for passive expansion of sub-maximally dilated transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts(TIPS) and compare outcomes with maximally dilated TIPS.METHODS Polytetrafluoroethylene covered TIPS(Viatorr) from July 2002 to December 2013 were retrospectively reviewed at two hospitals in a single institution. Two hundred and thirty patients had TIPS maximally dilated to 10 mm(m TIPS), while 43 patients who were at increased risk for hepatic encephalopathy(HE), based on clinical evaluation or low pre-TIPS portosystemic gradient(PSG), had 10 mm TIPS sub-maximally dilated to 8 mm(sm TIPS). Group characteristics(age, gender, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score, post-TIPS PSG and clinical outcomes were compared between groups, including clinical success(ascites or varices), primary patency,primary assisted patency, and severe post-TIPS HE. A subset of fourteen patients with sm TIPS underwent follow-up computed tomography imaging after TIPS creation, and were grouped based on time of imaging(< 6 mo and > 6 mo). Change in diameter and crosssectional area were measured with 3D imaging software to evaluate for passive expansion.RESULTS Patient characteristics were similar between the sm TIPS and m TIPS groups, except for pre-TIPS portosystemic gradient, which was lower in the sm TIPS group(19.4 mm Hg ± 6.8 vs 22.4 mm Hg ± 7.1, P = 0.01). Primary patency and primary assisted patency between sm TIPS and m TIPS was not significantly different(P = 0.64 and 0.55, respectively). Four of the 55 patients(7%) with sm TIPS required TIPS reduction for severe refractory HE, while this occurred in 6 of the 218 patients(3%) with m TIPS(P = 0.12). For the 14 patients with follow-up computed tomography(CT) imaging, the median imaging follow-up was 373 d. There was an increase in median TIPS diameter, median percent diameter change, median area, and median percent area change in patients with CT follow-up greater than 6 mo after TIPS placement compared to follow-up within 6 mo(8.45 mm, 5.58%, 56.04 mm^2, and 11.48%, respectively, P = 0.01).CONCLUSION Passive expansion of sm TIPS does occur but clinical outcomes of sm TIPS and m TIPS were similar. Sub-maximal dilation can prevent complications related to overshunting in select patients. | Michael C Hsu Charles N Weber S William Stavropoulos Timothy W Clark Scott O Trerotola Richard D Shlansky Goldberg Michael C Soulen Gregory J Nadolski | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，12： | 11 |
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