|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | 学龄前儿童体力活动研究的10大问题显示文摘本文目的是回顾与3~5岁儿童体力活动有关的重要研究问题。本文将从三个主要研究领域进行分析:健康效果、体力活动模式、干预和政策。研究的主要问题包括:确定体力活动的健康效果,确定体力活动对保持健康体重的影响,探明体力活动对学习和行为习惯的影响,以及静坐行为对健康的影响。与体力活动模式相关的研究问题包括3~5岁儿童满足现有体力活动推荐量的情况;影响体力活动的社会和环境因素,包括家庭、幼儿园、社区环境;体力活动如何对学龄儿童期、青少年时期和成年以后产生影响。关于干预和政策方面的研究问题包括确定在家庭、保育机构、社区环境最有效的促进体力活动的干预策略,以及不同幼儿适用的干预方案;确定有效的干预手段和宣传策略;制定有效的能够增加幼儿体力活动水平的国家、州、地方和机构的政策。总之,全面了解体力活动对3~5岁儿童健康的影响,以便于掌握该群体的体力活动特点,探索如何促进幼儿的体力活动。 | Russell R.Pate Jennifer R.O'Neill William H.Brown Kerry L.McIver Erin K.Howie Marsha Dowda | 2015 | 北京体育大学学报2015，38，6： | 19 |
| 2 | The Ozone Component of Global Change:Potential Effects on Agricultural and Horticultural Plant Yield,Product Quality and Interactions with Invasive Species显示文摘The productivity,product quality and competitive ability of important agricultural and horticultural plants in many regions of the world may be adversely affected by current and anticipated concentrations of ground-level ozone(O3).Exposure to elevated O3 typically results in suppressed photosynthesis,accelerated senescence,decreased growth and lower yields.Various approaches used to evaluate O3 effects generally concur that current yield losses range from 5% to 15% among sensitive plants.There is,how-ever,considerable genetic variability in plant responses to O3.To illustrate this,we show that ambient O3 concentrations in the eastern United States cause substantially different levels of damage to otherwise similar snap bean cultivars.Largely undesirable effects of O3 can also occur in seed and fruit chemistry as well as in forage nutritive value,with consequences for animal production.Ozone may alter herbicide efficacy and foster estab-lishment of some invasive species.We conclude that current and projected levels of O3 in many regions worldwide are toxic to sensitive plants of agricultural and horticultural significance.Plant breeding that incorporates O3 sensitivity into selection strategies will be increasingly necessary to achieve sustainable production with changing atmospheric composition,while reductions in O3 precursor emissions will likely benefit world food pro-duction and reduce atmospheric concentrations of an important greenhouse gas. | Fitzgerald Booker Russell Muntifering Margaret McGrath Kent Burkey Dennis Decoteau Edwin Fiscus William Manning Sagar Krupa Arthur Chappelka David Grantz | 2009 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2009，51，4： | 18 |
| 3 | 关于沉降物中汞来源的进展和不确定性的综合分析显示文摘作为第八届全球污染物汞问题国际会议的一部分,一组国际汞问题专家于2005年在威斯康星的麦迪逊召开会议。会议的任务是讨论汞来源的科学依据研究现状。具体讲我们的关键问题是:对某一个指定地点,我们是否有把握确定局地、区域和全球的汞来源的相对份额,自然的相对于人为因素的汞排放和沉降。专家组综合分析了在过去10年来所发表的关于这个问题的最新研究情况,重点在以下4个主要研究课题:长期的人类活动影响的变化,当前的排放和沉降趋势,化学转换与循环,模拟与不确定性。在每一个课题中,专家组都得出一系列的结论,本文对此进行了描述。这些结论同时使得我们对问题的回答是'性质上是',而这种资格取决于所愿意接受的不确定性水平。我们同意这种不确定性主要取决于尺度,以及我们所提出的问题在位于主要点源很近和很远的地方均可得到比较有信心的回答,假设'全球汞库'是被承认的'来源'。从生态系统暴露这个角度来看,很多感兴趣的区域则处于中间地带,带有最大程度的不确定性。 | Steve Lindberg Russell Bullock Ralf Ebinghaus Daniel Engstrom 冯新斌 William Fitzgerald Nicola Pirrone Eric Prestbo Christian Seigneur 赵绪才(译) | 2007 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2007，36，1： | 13 |
| 4 | Abdominal applications of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging: Where do we stand?显示文摘Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is one of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences providing qualitative as well as quantitative information at a cellular level. It has been widely used for various applications in the central nervous system. Over the past decade, various extracranial applications of DWI have been increasingly explored, as it may detect changes even before signal alterations or morphological abnormalities become apparent on other pulse sequences. Initial results from abdominal MRI applications are promising, particularly in oncological settings and for the detection of abscesses. The purpose of this article is to describe the clinically relevant basic concepts of DWI, techniques to perform abdominal DWI, its analysis and applications in abdominal visceral MR imaging, in addition to a brief overview of whole body DWI MRI. | Ajaykumar C Morani Khaled M Elsayes Peter S Liu William J Weadock Janio Szklaruk Jonathan Russell Dillman Asra Khan Thomas L Chenevert Hero K Hussain | 2013 | World Journal of Radiology2013，5，3： | 12 |
| 5 | Transcriptomic landscape regulated by the 14 types of bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs)in lineage commitment and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)显示文摘Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are ubiquitously-existing multipotent progenitors that can self-renew and differentiate into multiple lineages including osteocytes,chondrocytes,adipocytes,tenocytes and myocytes.MSCs represent one of the most commonly-used adult progenitors and serve as excellent progenitor cell models for investigating lineagespecific differentiation regulated by various cellular signaling pathways,such as bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs).As members of TGFb superfamily,BMPs play diverse and important roles in development and adult tissues.At least 14 BMPs have been identified in mammals.Different BMPs exert distinct but overlapping biological functions.Through a comprehensive analysis of 14 BMPs in MSCs,we demonstrated that BMP9 is one of the most potent BMPs in inducing osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.Nonetheless,a global mechanistic view of BMP signaling in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs remains to be fully elucidated.Here,we conducted a comprehensive transcriptomic profiling in the MSCs stimulated by 14 types of BMPs.Hierarchical clustering analysis classifies 14 BMPs into three subclusters:an osteo/chondrogenic/adipogenic cluster,a tenogenic cluster,and BMP3 cluster.We also demonstrate that six BMPs(e.g.,BMP2,BMP3,BMP4,BMP7,BMP8,and BMP9)can induce ISmads effectively,while BMP2,BMP3,BMP4,BMP7,and BMP11 up-regulate Smad-independent MAP kinase pathway.Furthermore,we show that many BMPs can upregulate the expression of the signal mediators of Wnt,Notch and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways.While the reported transcriptomic changes need to be further validated,our expression profiling represents the first-of-its-kind to interrogate a comprehensive transcriptomic landscape regulated by the 14 types of BMPs in MSCs. | Linghuan Zhang Qing Luo Yi Shu Zongyue Zeng Bo Huang Yixiao Feng Bo Zhang Xi Wang Yan Lei Zhenyu Ye Ling Zhao Daigui Cao Lijuan Yang Xian Chen Bin Liu William Wagstaff Russell R*Reid Hue H*Luu Rex C*Haydon Michael J*Lee Jennifer Moriatis Wolf Zhou Fu Tong-Chuan He Quan Kang | 2019 | Genes & Diseases2019，6，3： | 11 |
| 6 | 国际糖尿病足工作组:糖尿病足溃疡分类指南——《国际糖尿病足工作组:糖尿病足防治国际指南(2019)》的一部分显示文摘国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)自1999年以来一直以循证为基础发布糖尿病足病的预防和管理指南。本文中针对日常临床工作中糖尿病足溃疡的分类提出了新指南,并对既有的分类进行了综述。新指南只对现患糖尿病足溃疡进行分类,不包括用于定义未来溃疡风险的分类系统。本指南的制定是基于对现有文献的综述以及专家对最大程度影响临床结局的8个关键因素的鉴定。分类级别是根据关键因素的数量、内部和外部有效性验证以及使用意向而制定的。判定分类评分的关键因素有3种:患者相关的因素(终末期肾衰竭)、肢体相关的因素(周围动脉病变和保护性感觉丧失)和溃疡相关的因素(面积、深度、部位、单发或多发以及感染)。特殊分类系统要考虑以下5种临床情况:①卫生专业人员之间交流;②预测单个溃疡预后;③对个案临床决策的辅助;④伤口评估,有感染或无感染及周围动脉病变(评估灌注及血管重建的潜在益处);⑤用于地方、区域或国家人群结局的稽查。指南推荐:①医务人员之间交流使用SINBAD系统。②无适用于预测个体溃疡预后的分类。③感染的评估采用美国传染病学会/国际糖尿病足工作组(IDSA/IWGDF)分类系统。④评估灌注及血管重建的潜在获益使用创面、缺血、足感染(WIfI)系统。⑤人群结局的稽查使用SINBAD系统。 | Matilde Monteiro-Soares David Russell Edward J Boyko William Jeffcoate Joseph L Mills Stephan Morbach Fran Game 无 王爱红(译) 冉兴无(审校) | 2019 | 感染.炎症.修复2019，20，4： | 10 |
| 7 | 电解磷化膜层的统计试验研究显示文摘与传统磷化相比,电解磷化工艺采用电能,具有速度更快,膜层更牢固、覆盖更完整,质量控制更方便等优点.对比了传统工艺与该电解磷化工艺的原理,说明了该工艺无铁淤泥生成的原因.通过统计试验讨论了化学成分对磷化膜质量、表面形貌、组分的影响及膜层质量对其暗度的影响.结果表明,膜层质量与溶液中的锌含量有直接关系,但膜层结构基本不受化学成分的影响,而膜层微观形貌与暗度与其质量有关.由此说明,通过控制磷化液中的锌含量可控制膜层质量,而通过检测膜层外观也可有效监控膜层质量. | Gabreil Kirsch William C Russell Ken Hacias 刘湘慧 | 2005 | 电镀与涂饰2005，24，11： | 3 |
| 8 | Serious Infections and Mortality in Association With Therapies for Crohn’s Disease: TREAT Registry显示文摘 | Gary R. Lichtenstein Brian G. Feagan Russell D. Cohen Bruce A. Salzberg Robert H. Diamond Donny M. Chen Michelle L. Pritchard William J. Sandborn | 2006 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2006，，5： | 2 |
| 9 | Photonic Crystal Fibers显示文摘By offering greatly enhanced control of light compared to conventional step-index structures, photonic crystal fibres are radically improving the performance of linear and nonlinear fibre devices, including gas-Raman cells, super-continuum generators, soliton systems and cladding-pumped lasers. | William J. Wadsworth Jonathan C. Knight William H. Reeves Philip St.J. Russell | 2003 | 光学学报2003，23，S1： | 2 |
| 10 | Melanoma:Molecular genetics,metastasis,targeted therapies,immunotherapies,and therapeutic resistance显示文摘Cutaneous melanoma is a common cancer and cases have steadily increased since the mid 70s.For some patients,early diagnosis and surgical removal of melanomas is lifesaving,while other patients typically turn to molecular targeted therapies and immunotherapies as treatment options.Easy sampling of melanomas allows the scientific community to identify the most prevalent mutations that initiate melanoma such as the BRAF,NRAS,and TERT genes,some of which can be therapeutically targeted.Though initially effective,many tumors acquire resistance to the targeted therapies demonstrating the need to investigate compensatory pathways.Immunotherapies represent an alternative to molecular targeted therapies.However,inter-tumoral immune cell populations dictate initial therapeutic response and even tumors that responded to treatment develop resistance in the long term.As the protocol for combination therapies develop,so will our scientific understanding of the many pathways at play in the progression of melanoma.The future direction of the field may be to find a molecule that connects all of the pathways.Meanwhile,noncoding RNAs have been shown to play important roles in melanoma development and progression.Studying noncoding RNAs may help us to understand how resistance e both primary and acquired e develops;ultimately allow us to harness the true potential of current therapies.This review will cover the basic structure of the skin,the mutations and pathways responsible for transforming melanocytes into melanomas,the process by which melanomas metastasize,targeted therapeutics,and the potential that noncoding RNAs have as a prognostic and treatment tool. | William Wagstaff Rimel N.Mwamba Karina Grullon Mikhayla Armstrong Piao Zhao Bryce Hendren-Santiago Kevin H.Qin Alexander J.Li Daniel A.Hu Andrew Youssef Russell R.Reid Hue H.Luu Le Shen Tong-Chuan He Rex C.Haydon | 2022 | Genes & Diseases2022，9，6： | 2 |
| 11 | Meeting the on-line Needs of Disabled Tourist:An Assessment of UK-Based Hotel Websites显示文摘 | Russell Williams Rulzion Rattray Anthony Grimes | 2006 | International Journal of Tourism Research2006，8，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Manifestations of systemic light chain deposition 显示文摘 | Russell ER William CW Franklin M | 1976 | Am J Med1976，60，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Is plasma N-BNP a good indicator of the functional reserve of failing hearts显示文摘 | Simon G Williams Leong L Ng Russell J O'Brien | 2004 | The European Journal of Heart Failure2004，6，： | 1 |
| 14 | Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease显示文摘 | Virend K. Somers David P. White Raouf Amin William T. Abraham Fernando Costa Antonio Culebras Stephen Daniels John S. Floras Carl E. Hunt Lyle J. Olson Thomas G. Pickering Richard Russell Mary Woo Terry Young | 2008 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2008，，8： | 1 |
| 15 | Stock Market Trading Rule Discovery Using Technical Charting Heuristics显示文摘 | William Leigh Naval Modani Russell Pruvis | 2002 | Expert Systems and Applications2002，23，： | 1 |
| 16 | Head and neck mucosal melanoma显示文摘 | William MM Robert JA Russell WH | 2005 | Am J Clin Oncol2005，28，： | 1 |
| 17 | Responding to urban crisis: the emergency planning response to the bombing of Manchester city center显示文摘 | Williams Gwyndaf Batho Stuart Russell Lynne | 2000 | Cities2000，17，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Responding to urban crisis: The emergency planning response to the bombing of Manchester city centre显示文摘 | Gwyndaf Williams Stuart Batho Lynne Russell | 2000 | Cities2000，17，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Water Quality Functions of Riparian Forest Buffers in Chesapeake Bay Watersheds显示文摘 | Richard Lowrance Lee S. Altier J. Denis Newbold Ronald R. Schnabel Peter M. Groffman Judith M. Denver David L. Correll J. Wendell Gilliam James L. Robinson Russell B. Brinsfield Kenneth W. Staver William Lucas Albert H. Todd | 1997 | Environmental Management1997，，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Physical Activity and Public Health: Updated Recommendation for Adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association显示文摘 | WILLIAM L. HASKELL I-MIN LEE RUSSELL R. PATE KENNETH E. POWELL STEVEN N. BLAIR BARRY A. FRANKLIN CAROLINE A. MACERA GREGORY W. HEATH PAUL D. THOMPSON ADRIAN BAUMAN | 2007 | Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise2007，，： | 1 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员