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| 1 | 2018加拿大心境障碍与焦虑障碍治疗协作组/国际双相障碍学会指南:双相障碍的管理显示文摘加拿大心境障碍与焦虑障碍治疗协作组(Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments,CANMAT)曾于2005年发布了第1版双相障碍管理指南,并分别于2007、2009和2013年对该指南进行了更新,其中最近的2次更新是与国际双相障碍学会(International Society for Bipolar Disorders,ISBD)合作完成。2018版CANMAT/ISBD双相障碍治疗指南(以下简称指南)反映了自2005年首版指南发表以来本领域取得的重大进展,包括疾病诊断与疾病管理的更新以及药物治疗与心理治疗的近期研究进展。这些前沿进展中综合考虑了循证证据的级别,并基于治疗疗效、临床实践经验、安全性、耐受性和药物导致的转相风险等,对一线、二线及三线治疗方案进行了简明而清晰的推荐。本指南中新增内容涵盖了双相Ⅰ型障碍(BD-Ⅰ)的躁狂发作急性期、抑郁发作急性期和双相障碍维持期的一线及二线治疗推荐等级划分。这种对治疗推荐等级的划分综合考虑了治疗方法对双相障碍不同时相的影响,将进一步帮助临床医生做出基于循证证据的治疗决策。锂盐、喹硫平、双丙戊酸盐、阿塞那平、阿立哌唑、帕利哌酮、利培酮和卡利拉嗪单药或联合使用被推荐为躁狂发作急性期的一线治疗选择。BD-Ⅰ抑郁期的一线治疗选择包括喹硫平、鲁拉西酮、锂盐、拉莫三嗪单药,鲁拉西酮联合锂盐或双丙戊酸盐或拉莫三嗪辅助治疗。尽管急性期治疗有效的药物通常应继续用于BD-Ⅰ的维持期治疗,但也存在一些特殊情况(例如抗抑郁药)。现有数据表明,锂盐、喹硫平、双丙戊酸盐、拉莫三嗪、阿塞那平和阿立哌唑单药或联合治疗应被视为维持治疗的初始或更换治疗方案时的一线选择。除了探讨BD-Ⅰ的相关问题外,本指南中还对双相Ⅱ型障碍(BD-Ⅱ)的临床管理进行了系统回顾并给予治疗推荐,同时针对特殊人群也有相关推荐,如处于各个生殖周期的女性、儿童、青少年和老年人。此外,本指南中还讨论了特定精神疾病及共病(如物质滥用、焦虑障碍和代谢性疾病)的影响。最后,本指南中概述了安全性和药物监测的相关问题。CANMAT/ISBD工作组希望本指南能够成为全球临床医生的实用工具。 | Lakshmi N Yatham Sidney H Kennedy Sagar V Parikh Ayal Sehaffer David J Bond Benicio N Frey Verinder Sharma Benjamin I Goldstein Soham Rej Serge Beaulieu Martin Alda Glenda MaeQueen Roumen V Milev Arun Ravindran Claire O'Donovan Diane Mclntosh Raymond W Lam Gustavo Vazquez Flavio Kapczinski Roger S Melntyre Jan Kozicky Shigenobu Kanba Beny Lafer Trisha Suppes Joseph R Calabrese Eduard Vieta Gin Malhi Robert M Post Michael Berk 胡晨(译) 王刚(译) | 2019 | 中华精神科杂志2019，52，1： | 25 |
| 2 | Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours显示文摘 | Irvin M Modlin Kjell Oberg Daniel C Chung Robert T Jensen Wouter W de Herder Rajesh V Thakker Martyn Caplin Gianfranco Delle Fave Greg A Kaltsas Eric P Krenning Steven F Moss Ola Nilsson Guido Rindi Ramon Salazar Philippe Ruszniewski Anders Sundin | 2008 | Lancet Oncology2008，，1： | 8 |
| 3 | 子痫前期:病理生理学和临床意义显示文摘子痫前期是一种常见疾病,尤其影响首次妊娠。其临床表现多样,但通常表现为高血压和蛋白尿。这些全身症状是由于在合体滋养细胞的压力作用下,胎盘释放了可溶性因子。子痫前期主要有早发型和迟发型2种亚型,其他几种亚型目前尚未确定。早发型子痫前期是由于胎盘缺陷而出现,而迟发型子痫前期可能是由于胎盘的正常衰老,以及母体对心血管和代谢疾病的遗传易感性交互产生。子痫前期因胎盘和母体因素产生的原因因人而异。最近的研究主要集中在早孕期的胎盘-子宫相互作用。本文旨在对关于子痫前期的预测、预防和治疗方法的最新文献进行归纳综述。 | Graham J Burton Christopher W Redman James M Roberts Ashley Moffett 秦萌(译) 金滢 潘凌亚(校 | 2019 | 英国医学杂志中文版2019，22，11： | 6 |
| 4 | Clinical outcomes following salvage Gamma Knife radiosurgery for recurrent glioblastoma显示文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor with a survival prognosis of 14-16 mo for the highest functioning patients. Despite aggressive, multimodal upfront therapies, the majority of GBMs will recur in approximately six months. Salvage therapy options for recurrent GBM(r GBM) are an area of intense research. This study compares recent survival and quality of life outcomes following Gamma Knife radiosurgery(GKRS) salvage therapy. Following a Pub Med search for studies usingGKRS as salvage therapy for malignant gliomas, nine articles from 2005 to July 2013 were identified which evaluated rG BM treatment. In this review, we compare overall survival following diagnosis, overall survival following salvage treatment, progression-free survival, time to recurrence, local tumor control, and adverse radiation effects. This report discusses results for rG BM patient populations alone, not for mixed populations with other tumor histology grades. All nine studies reported median overall survival rates(from diagnosis, range:16.7-33.2 mo; from salvage, range:9-17.9 mo). Three studies identified median progression-free survival(range:4.6-14.9 mo). Two showed median time to recurrence of GBM. Two discussed local tumor control. Six studies reported adverse radiation effects(range:0%-46% of patients). The greatest survival advantages were seen in patients who received GKRS salvage along with other treatments, like resection or bevacizumab, suggesting that appropriately tailored multimodal therapy should be considered with each rG BM patient. However, there needs to be a randomized clinical trial to test GKRS for rG BM before the possibility of selection bias can be dismissed. | Erik W Larson Halloran E Peterson Wayne T Lamoreaux Alexander R MacKay Robert K Fairbanks Jason A Call Jonathan D Carlson Benjamin C Ling John J Demakas Barton S Cooke Christopher M Lee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 5 |
| 5 | MicroRNAs and liver cancer associated with iron overload:Therapeutic targets unravelled显示文摘Primary liver cancer is a global disease that is on the increase.Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)accounts for most primary liver cancers and has a notably low survival rate,largely attributable to late diagnosis,resistance to treatment,tumour recurrence and metastasis.MicroRNAs(miRNAs/miRs)are regulatory RNAs that modulate protein synthesis.miRNAs are involved in several biological and pathological processes including the development and progression of HCC.Given the poor outcomes with current HCC treatments,miRNAs represent an important new target for therapeutic intervention.Several studies have demonstrated their role in HCC development and progression.While many risk factors underlie the development of HCC,one process commonly altered is iron homeostasis.Iron overload occurs in several liver diseases associated with the development of HCC including Hepatitis C infection and the importance of miRNAs in iron homeostasis and hepatic iron overload is well characterised.Aberrant miRNA expression in hepatic fibrosis and injury response have been reported,as have dysregulated miRNA expression patterns affecting cell cycle progression,evasion of apoptosis,invasion and metastasis.In2009,miR-26a delivery was shown to prevent HCC progression,highlighting its therapeutic potential.Several studies have since investigated the clinical potential of other miRNAs with one drug,Miravirsen,currently in phaseⅡclinical trials.miRNAs also have potential as biomarkers for the diagnosis of HCC and to evaluate treatment efficacy.Ongoing studies and clinical trials suggest miRNA-based treatments and diagnostic methods will have novel clinical applications for HCC in the coming years,yielding improved HCC survival rates and patient outcomes. | Catherine M Greene Robert B Varley Matthew W Lawless | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，32： | 5 |
| 6 | ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina and non–st-segment elevation myocardial infarction显示文摘 | Eugene Braunwald Elliott M Antman John W Beasley Robert M Califf Melvin D Cheitlin Judith S Hochman Robert H Jones Dean Kereiakes Joel Kupersmith Thomas N Levin Carl J Pepine John W Schaeffer Earl E Smith David E Steward Pierre Theroux Raymond J Gibbons J | 2000 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2000，，3： | 4 |
| 7 | Quality in the technical performance of colonoscopy and the continuous quality improvement process for colonoscopy: recommendations of the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer显示文摘 | Douglas K Rex John H Bond Sidney Winawer Theodore R Levin Randall W Burt David A Johnson Lynne M Kirk Scott Litlin David A Lieberman Jerome D Waye James Church John B Marshall Robert H Riddell | 2002 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2002，，6： | 3 |
| 8 | Reproducibility of the diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett esophagus: A reaffirmation显示文摘 | Elizabeth Montgomery Mary P Bronner John R Goldblum Joel K Greenson Marian M Haber John Hart Laura W Lamps Gregory Y Lauwers Audrey J Lazenby David N Lewin Marie E Robert Alicia Y Toledano Yu Shyr Kay Washington | 2001 | Human Pathology2001，，4： | 3 |
| 9 | Comparison of real-time ionospheric algorithms for a GPS wide-area augmentation system (WAAS)显示文摘 | M Bakry El-Arini Robert S Conker Thomas W Albertson | 1994 | Navigation(US)1994，41，4： | 2 |
| 10 | Hepatitis B and C infection and liver disease trends among human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals显示文摘AIM:To examine trends in and correlates of liver disease and viral hepatitis in an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected cohort. METHODS:The multi-site adult/adolescent spectrum of HIV-related diseases (ASD) followed 29 490 HIVinfected individuals receiving medical care in 11 U.S. metropolitan areas for an average of 2.4 years,and a total of 69 487 person-years,between 1998 and 2004. ASD collected data on the presentation,treatment,and outcomes of HIV,including liver disease,hepatitis screening,and hepatitis diagnoses. RESULTS:Incident liver disease,chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV),and hepatitis C virus (HCV) were diagnosed in 0.9,1.8,and 4.7 per 100 person-years. HBV and HCV screening increased from fewer than 20% to over 60% during this period of observation (P < 0.001). Deaths occurred in 57% of those diagnosed with liver disease relative to 15% overall (P < 0.001). Overall 10% of deaths occurred among individuals with a diagnosis of liver disease. Despite care guidelines promoting screening and vaccination for HBV and screening for HCV,screening and vaccination were not universally conducted or,if conducted,not documented. CONCLUSION:Due to high rates of incident liver disease,viral hepatitis screening,vaccination,and treatment among HIV-infected individuals should be a priority. | Susan E Buskin Elizabeth A Barash John D Scott David M Aboulafia Robert W Wood | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，14： | 2 |
| 11 | NOD2 and ATG16L1 polymorphisms affect monocyte responses in Crohn's disease显示文摘AIM:To assess whether polymorphisms in NOD2 and ATG16L1 affect cytokine responses and mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) survival in monocytes from Crohn's disease (CD) patients.METHODS:Monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood of CD patients of known genotype for common single nucleotide polymorphisms of NOD2 and ATG16L1.Monocytes were challenged with MAP and bacterial persistence assessed at subsequent time-points.Cytokine responses were assayed using a Milliplex multi-analyte profiling assay for 13 cytokines.RESULTS:Monocytes heterozygous for a NOD2 polymorphism (R702W,P268S,or 1007fs) were more permissive for growth of MAP (P=0.045) than those without.There was no effect of NOD2 genotype on subsequent cytokine expression.The T300A polymorphism ofATG16L1 did not affect growth of MAP in our model (P=0.175),but did increase expression of cytokines interleukin (IL)-10 (P=0.047) and IL-6 (P=0.019).CONCLUSION:CD-associated polymorphisms affected the elimination of MAP fromex vivo monocytes (NOD2),or expression of certain cytokines (ATG16L1),implying independent but contributory roles in the pathogenesis of CD. | Dylan M Glubb Richard B Gearry Murray L Barclay Rebecca L Roberts John Pearson Jacqui I Keenan Judy McKenzie Robert W Bentley | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，23： | 2 |
| 12 | Degradation Mechanisms of Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers, Quantum Electronics显示文摘 | Michael C Y Robert W H Pierre M P | 1996 | IEEE Journal1996，32，： | 2 |
| 13 | Effect of rapamycin on hepatic osteodystrophy in rats with portasystemic shunting显示文摘瞄准:如果与推延的 portasystemic 有关的 T 房间激活通过 RANKL 依赖的小径引起调停骨破折的骨头损失,学习。如果用 rapamycin 的 T 房间抑制将在老鼠免于骨头损失,我们也调查了。方法:推延的 Portasystemic 在男 Sprague-Dawley 老鼠和 rapamycin 被执行 0.1 mg/kg 被管饲法为 15 wk 管理。老鼠收到了 powderized 食物并且补加喂在骨头作文上阻止营养不良的效果。重量获得和生长在推延的动物在外科以后被恢复。在结束,骨头周转和量的骨头组织学的生物化学的参数被估计。T 房间激活,煽动性的 cytokine 生产,和 RANKL 依赖的小径的标记被测量。另外, IGF-1 和性腺机能减退的角色被调查。结果:推延的 Portasystemic 引起了是 RANKL 独立人士的低周转骨质疏松症。包括 IL-1, IL-6 和 TNFalpha,骨头再吞 cytokine 层次没在浆液和 TNFalpha 被增加, RANKL 表示不起来在 PBMC 调整了。推延的 Portasystemic 增加了传播 CD8+T 房间人口。Rapamycin 减少了传播 CD8+T 房间人口,增加了 CD8+CD25+T 规章的房间人口并且改进了骨头周转的所有参数。结论:推延的 portasystemic 引起的骨质疏松症可以被 rapamycin 部分在肝的骨营养不良的老鼠模型改善。 | Schalk W van der Merwe Maria M Conradie Robert Bond Brenda J Olivier Elongo Fritz Martin Nieuwoudt Rhena Delport Tomas Slavik Gert Engelbrecht Del Kahn Enid G Shephard Maritha J Kotze Nico P de Villiers Stephen Hough | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，28： | 2 |
| 14 | Influence of donor age on the differentiation and division capacity of human adipose-derived stem cells显示文摘BACKGROUND Human adipose-derived stromal/stem cells(hASCs)are one of the most useful types of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells,which are adult multipotent cells with great therapeutic potential for the treatment of several diseases.However,for successful clinical application,it is critical that high-quality cells can be obtained.Diverse factors seem to be able to influence cell quality and performance,especially factors related to donors’intrinsic characteristics,such as age.Nevertheless,there is no consensus regarding this characteristic,and there is conflicting information in the literature.AIM To investigate the growth kinetics and differentiation potential of adipose-derived stem cells isolated from the lipoaspirates of elderly and young donors.METHODS hASCs were harvested from liposuctioned adipose tissue obtained from female donors(aged 20-70 years).Cells were distributed into two groups according to age range:old hASCs(oASCs,≥55 years,n=9)and young hASCs(yASCs,≤35 years,n=9).For each group,immunophenotypic characterization was performed by flow cytometry.Population doubling time was assessed over seven days.For adipogenic potential evaluation,lipid deposits were assessed after 7 d,14 d and 21 d of adipogenic induction.Osteogenic potential was verified by analyzing cell mineralization after 14 d,21 d and 28 d of osteogenic induction.mRNA expression of PPARγ2,CEBPA and Runx2 were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS hASCs were successfully obtained,cultured,and grouped according to their age:yASCs(26.33±4.66 years old)and oASCs(64.78±4.58 years old).After maintenance of the cells in culture,there were no differences in morphology between cells from the young and old donors.Additionally,both groups showed classical immunophenotypic characteristics of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells.The average doubling time indicated that yASCs(4.09±0.94 d)did not significantly differ from oASCs(4.19±1.29 d).Concerning differentiation potential,after adipogenic and osteogenic induction,yASCs and oASCs were able to differentiate to greater levels than the noninduced control cells.However,no differences were found in the differentiation efficiency of yASCs and oASCs in adipogenesis or osteogenesis.Additionally,the mRNA expression of PPARγ2,CEBPA and Runx2 were similar in yASCs and oASCs.CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that age does not seem to significantly affect the cell division or adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation ability of adipose-derived stem cells isolated from lipoaspirates. | Cintia DS Horinouchi María Julia Barisón Anny W Robert Crisciele Kuligovski Alessandra M Aguiar BrunoDallagiovanna | 2020 | World Journal of Stem Cells2020，12，12： | 2 |
| 15 | Risky business:The role of risk in voluntary turnover decisions显示文摘 | David G Allen Robert W R Karen R MJarnes M V | 2007 | Human Resource Management Review2007，17，： | 1 |
| 16 | Comprehensive, quantitative, congener-specific analysis of eight aroclors and complete PCB congener assignments 显示文摘 | George M F Robert E W James C C | 1996 | Chernosphere1996，33，： | 1 |
| 17 | Multiple organ dysfunction after return of spontaneous circulation in postcardiac arrest syndrome显示文摘 | Roberts B W Kilgannon J H Chansky M E | 2013 | Crit Care Med2013，41，： | 1 |
| 18 | Diverticulitis in California from 1995 to 2006: Increased Rates of Treatment for Younger Patients显示文摘 | Etzioni David A Cannom Rebecca R Ault Glenn T Beart Robert W Kaiser Andreas M | 2009 | The American Surgeon2009，，10： | 1 |
| 19 | Giardiasis surveil lance--United States,1992--1997 显示文摘 | FUMESS B W BEACH M J ROBERTS J M | 2000 | MMWRCDC Surveill Summ2000，49，7： | 1 |
| 20 | Distal femoral allograft for massive proximal femoral deficiency显示文摘 | Robert L B Michaei W W Paul M | 2008 | Acta Orthop Scand2008，7，： | 1 |
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