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| 1 | Portal vein thrombosis, mortality and hepatic decompensation in patients with cirrhosis: A meta-analysis显示文摘AIM: To determine the clinical impact of portal vein thrombosis in terms of both mortality and hepatic decompensations(variceal hemorrhage, ascites, portosystemic encephalopathy) in adult patients with cirrhosis.METHODS: We identified original articles reported through February 2015 in MEDLINE, Scopus, Science Citation Index, AMED, the Cochrane Library, and relevant examples available in the grey literature. Two independent reviewers screened all citations for inclusion criteria and extracted summary data. Random effects odds ratios were calculated to obtain aggregate estimates of effect size across included studies, with 95%CI.RESULTS: A total of 226 citations were identified and reviewed, and 3 studies with 2436 participants were included in the meta-analysis of summary effect. Patients with portal vein thrombosis had an increased risk of mortality(OR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.11-2.36, P = 0.01). Portal vein thrombosis was associated with an increased risk of ascites(OR = 2.52, 95%CI: 1.63-3.89, P < 0.001). There was insufficient data available to determine the pooled effect on other markers of decompensation including gastroesophageal variceal bleeding or hepatic encephalopathy. CONCLUSION: Portal vein thrombosis appears to increase mortality and ascites, however, the relatively small number of included studies limits more generalizable conclusions. More trials with a direct comparison group are needed. | Jonathan G Stine Puja M Shah Scott L Cornella Sean R Rudnick Marwan S Ghabril George J Stukenborg Patrick G Northup | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，27： | 42 |
| 2 | 最新AD研究用诊断标准:IWG-2标准显示文摘在过去的8年中,国际工作组织(IWG)和美国国立老化研究院-阿尔茨海默协会(NIA-AA)建立了阿尔茨海默病(AD)诊断标准,它能更好地定义AD的临床表型,整合了生物标记物于诊断流程中,并覆盖了疾病的全程。本意见书充分地权衡了IWG标准的优缺点,建议改进诊断框架。依据这些改进,AD的诊断变得简单,只要有恰当的AD临床表型(典型或不典型)和与AD的病理相一致的病理生理学生物标志物出现。我们认为疾病的下游的定位性生物标志,如容积性磁共振成像(MRI)和氟脱氧葡萄糖-正电子发射型计算机断层成像(FDG-PET)等,适合更好地测量和监测疾病过程。本文还详述了非典型性AD、混合性AD和AD临床前期的特异诊断标准。 | 陈刚 曹雯炜 俞羚 糜建华 Dubois B Feldman HH Jacova C Hampel H Molinuevo JL Blennow K DeK osky ST Gauthier S Selkoe D Bateman R Cappa S Crutch S Engelborghs S Frisoni GB Fox NC Galasko D Habert MO Jicha GA Nordberg A Pasquier F Rabinovici G Robert P Rowe C Salloway S Sarazin M Epelbaum S de Souza LC Vellas B Visser PJ Schneider L Stern Y Scheltens P Cummings JL | 2014 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2014，11，3： | 31 |
| 3 | 尿钠排泄、血压、心血管病与死亡率的关系:社区前瞻性流行病学队列研究显示文摘WHO建议人群钠摄人<2 g/d作为预防心血管病的措施之一,但这一目标在任何国家都没有实现。该建议主要基于短期血压试验的个体水平数据,没有来自随机试验或观察性研究的关于低钠摄入与降低心血管事件的数据。前瞻性城市农村流行病学研究目前正在21个国家进行。该文对其中18个国家的数据进行分析,其中包含了临床结果数据。 | Mente A O'Donnell M Rangarajan S McQueen M Dagenais G Wielgosz A Lear S Ah STL Wei L Diaz R Avezum A Lopez-Jaramillo P Lanas F Mony P Szuba A Iqbal R Yusuf R Mohammadifard N Khatib R Yusoff K Ismail N Gulec S Rosengren A Yusufali A Kruger L Tsolekile LP Chifamba J Dans A Alhabib KF Yeates K Teo K Yusuf S 刘莉 叶鹏 | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，12： | 29 |
| 4 | Evaluation of clinical relevance of examining K-ras, p16 and p53 mutations along with allelic losses at 9p and 18q in EUS-guided fine needle aspiration samples of patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer显示文摘AIM: To establish an optimum combination of molecular markers resulting in best overall diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for evaluation of suspicious pancreatic mass. METHODS: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNA) was performed on 101 consecutive patients (63 males, 38 females, 60 ± 12 years; 81 with subsequently diagnosed pancreatic cancer, 20 with chronic pancreatitis) with focal pancreatic mass. Samples were evaluated on-site by an experienced cytopathologist. DNA was extracted from Giemsa stained cells selected by laser microdissection and the presence of K-ras, p53 and p16 somatic mutations was tested by cycling-gradient capillary electrophoresis (CGCE) and single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) techniques. In addition, allelic losses of tumor suppressor genes p16 (INK4, CDKN2A) and DPC4 (MADH4, SMAD4) were detected by monitoring the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 9p and 18q, respectively. RESULTS: Sensitivity and specificity of EUS-guided FNA were 75% and 85%, positive and negative predictivevalue reached 100%. The remaining 26% samples were assigned as inconclusive. Testing of molecular markers revealed sensitivity and specificity of 70% and 100% for K-ras mutations (P < 0.001), 24% and 90% for p53 mutations (NS), 13% and 100% for p16 mutations (NS), 85% and 64% for allelic losses at 9p (P < 0.001) and 78% and 57% for allelic losses at 18q (P < 0.05). When tests for different molecular markers were combined, the best results were obtained with K-ras + LOH at 9p (92% and 64%, P < 0.001), K-ras + LOH at 18q (92% and 57%, P < 0.001), and K-ras + LOH 9q + LOH 18q (96% and 43%, P < 0.001). When the molecular markers were used as complements to FNA cytology to evaluate inconclusive samples only, the overall sensitivity of cancer detection was 100% in all patients enrolled in the study. CONCLUSION: EUS-guided FNA cytology combined with screening of K-ras mutations and allelic losses of tumor suppressors p16 and DPC4 represents a very sensitive approach in screening for pancreatic malignancy. Molecular markers may find its use particularly in cases where FNA cytology has been inconclusive. | C Salek L Benesova M Zavoral V Nosek L Kasperova M Ryska R Strnad E Traboulsi M Minarik | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，27： | 18 |
| 5 | 下肢浅静脉治疗术后的加压疗法:美国静脉论坛血管、外科学会、美国静脉学会、血管医学学会和国际静脉联盟的临床实践指南显示文摘一、指南的由来下肢浅静脉治疗术后应用压力治疗的方式是几代血管外科医师多年临床经验积累所得,现主要应用于大隐静脉剥脱术、下肢静脉点状剥脱术及静脉硬化治疗等。目前单就静脉硬化治疗而言,术后压力治疗的推荐也是基于相关文献及实验验证[1],但对于其他术式,尤其是对于大隐静脉的热消融术,目前还没有形成规范统一的建议,这也使得当前的压力治疗具有很大的临床差异性。 | Lurie F Lal BK Antignani PL Blebea J Bush R Caprini J Davies A Forrestal M Jacobowitz G Kalodiki E Killewich L Lohr J Ma H Mosti G Partsch H Rooke T Wakefield T 李丹(译) 陈程浩(译) 牛传强(译) 张靖(译) 黄建忠(译) | 2020 | 中华介入放射学电子杂志2020，8，4： | 16 |
| 6 | 非小细胞型胃肠道高级别神经内分泌癌作为独立亚型的病理特征显示文摘 | Shia J Tang L H Weiser M R 王文军(摘译) 张帆(审校) | 2008 | 临床与实验病理学杂志2008，24，4： | 16 |
| 7 | 大别山双河和碧溪岭超高压变质岩流体包裹体研究显示文摘对大别山双河和碧溪岭含柯石英榴辉岩和硬玉石英岩进行了详细的流体包裹体研究。根据流体包裹体的成分和盐度的不同 ,可以划分出至少五种类型不同的气液包裹体 :( 1) N2 包裹体 ;( 2 )高盐度流体包裹体 ;( 3) CO2 包裹体 ;( 4) CO2 -H2 O包裹体 ;( 5 )低盐度流体包裹体。N2 包裹体仅见于含柯石英榴辉岩 ,而高盐度流体包裹体则几乎存在于所有的榴辉岩和硬玉石英岩中。 CO2 包裹体沿榴辉岩中微剪切带分布 ,或存在于强变形的硬玉石英岩中 ,而低盐度流体包裹体分布较为局限。N2 和高盐度流体被认为是超高压变质作用平衡的产物 ,来源于变质前的古孔隙流体。而且榴辉岩中含有一系列盐度不同的流体显微域 ,其大小与矿物颗粒相当。在板块折返过程中 ,包裹体中流体可能发生迁移 ,但是不会超出寄主晶体的范围。CO2流体明显是外来的 ,可能来自共生大理岩或含碳酸盐的变质沉积岩。这与菱镁矿和柯石英等共生组合所指示的进变质过程中大理岩不存在脱碳反应的结论相一致。而低盐度流体则可能系顶峰变质矿物分解而成 。 | 傅斌 肖益林 J L R Touret A M Van den Kerkhof JHoefs 郑永飞 | 2000 | 岩石学报2000，16，1： | 14 |
| 8 | Effect of precut sphincterotomy on post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis:A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘AIM:To conduct a systemic review and meta-analysis to investigate the role of early precut technique.Multiple randomized controlled trails(RCTs)have reported conflicting results of the early precut sphincterotomy.METHODS:MEDLINE/PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Database of Systematic Reviews,and recent abstracts from major conference proceedings were searched(June 2013).Randomized and non-randomized studies comparing early precut technique with prolonged standard methods were included.Pooled estimates of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)pancreatitis(PEP),cannulation and adverse events were analyzed by using odds ratio(OR).Random and fixed effects models were used as appropriate.Publication bias was assessed by funnel plots.Heterogeneity among studies was assessed by calculating I2 measure of inconsistency.RESULTS:Seven randomized and seven non-randomized trials met inclusion criteria.Meta-analysis of RCTs showed a decrease trend for PEP with early precut sphincterotomy but was not statistically significant(OR=0.58;95%CI:0.32-1.05;P=0.07).No heterogeneity was noted among the studies with I2 of 0%.CONCLUSION:Early precut technique for common bile duct cannulation decreases the trend of post-ERCP pancreatitis. | Abhishek Choudhary Jessica Winn Sameer Siddique Murtaza Arif Zainab Arif Ghassan M Hammoud Srinivas R Puli Jamal A Ibdah Matthew L Bechtold | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，14： | 13 |
| 9 | 婴儿和儿童睾丸卵黄囊瘤33例并临床病理特征分析显示文摘作者收集1918~2014年诊断的发生于5~71个月(平均20.7个月)的男孩睾丸纯卵黄囊瘤33例。除1例外所有患者均接受睾丸切除,18例同时行淋巴结清扫术(全部阴性);21例接受化疗,12例接受放疗。 | Cornejo K M Frazier L Lee R S 魏建国 许春伟 | 2015 | 临床与实验病理学杂志2015，31，9： | 11 |
| 10 | Polymorphisms of MTHFD,plasma homocysteine levels, and risk of gastric cancer in ahigh-risk Chinese population显示文摘Purpose:Accumulative evidence suggests that folate has a protective effect on gastric cancer. The methylenetetrahyd-rofolate dlehydrogenase(MTHFD) plays an important role in folate and homocysteine metabolisms, and polymorphisms of MTHFD may result in disturbance of the folate-mediated homocysteine pathway. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that genetic variants of MTHFD and plasma homocysteine levels are associated with risk of gastric cancer and modulated by genotypes of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR). Experimental Design: We genotyped G1958A and T401C in MTHFD and C677T in MTHFR and detected total plasma homocysteine(tHcy) levels in a case-control study of 589 gastric cancer cases and 635 cancer-free controls in a high-risk Chinese population. Results:The variant genotypes of MTHFD 1958AA and 401CC were associated with a significantly increased risk of gastric canceradjusted odds ratio(OR), 2.05; 95% confidence interval(95% CI),1.34-3.13 for 1958AA; adjusted OR,1.43; 95% CI,1.14-1.80 for 401CC compared with 1958GG/GA and 401TT/TC genotypes, respectively. Both of the effects were more evident in the subjects carrying MTHFR 677CT/TT genotypes. The average tHcy level was significantly higher in gastric cancer cases than in controls(P < 0.01), and the upper quartile of tHcy (> 13.6 mu mol/L) was associated with an 82% significantly increased risk of gastric cancer, compared with the lowest quartile of tHcy(<= 8.0 pmol/L;adjusted OR,1.82; 95% CI,1.20-2.75). Conclusions:The strong associations between MTHFD variants and the plasma tHcy levels and gastric cancer risk suggest, for the first time, a possible gene-environment interaction between genetic variants of folate-metabolizing genes and high tHcy levels in gastric carcinogenesis. | Wang, L. N Ke, Q Chen, W. S Wang, J. M Tan, Y. F Zhou, Y Hua, Z. L Ding, W. L Niu, J. Y Shen, J Zhang, Z. F Wang, X. R Xu, Y. H Shen, H. B Yi Xing | 2007 | 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)2007，27，7： | 10 |
| 11 | Relationship between the exocrine and endocrine pancreas after acute pancreatitis显示文摘AIM:To determine the prevalence and time course of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in individuals with newly diagnosed prediabetes or diabetes mellitus after acute pancreatitis.METHODS:Relevant literature cited in three major biomedical journal databases(EMBASE,MEDLINE,and Scopus)was reviewed independently by two authors.There were no language constraints but the search was limited to human studies.Studies included were cohort studies of adult patients who were discharged after an attack of acute pancreatitis.Patients were excluded if they were under 18 years of age or had a previous diagnosis of prediabetes or diabetes mellitus,pancreatic exocrine insufficiency,or chronic pancreatitis.The main outcome measure was the prevalence of concomitant pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in patients who were diagnosed with prediabetes and diabetes mellitus after an attack of acute pancreatitis.Subgroup analysis was conducted for patients who were diagnosed with prediabetes only and those who were diagnosed withdiabetes mellitus only.Subgroup analysis looking at the time course of concomitant pancreatic exocrine and endocrine insufficiency was also conducted.Pooled prevalence and corresponding 95%confidence intervals were calculated for all outcome measures and P-values<0.05 were deemed statistically significant.RESULTS:Eight clinical studies comprising of 234patients met all eligibility criteria.The pooled prevalence of newly diagnosed prediabetes or diabetes in individuals after acute pancreatitis was 43%(95%CI:30%-56%).The pooled prevalence of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in individuals after acute pancreatitis was 29%(95%CI:19%-39%).The prevalence of concomitant pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in individuals with newly diagnosed prediabetes or diabetes was 40%(95%CI:25%-55%).The prevalence of concomitant pancreatic exocrine insufficiency among individuals with prediabetes alone and diabetes mellitus alone was 41%(95%CI:12%-75%)and 39%(95%CI:28%-51%),respectively.Further analysis showed that the prevalence of concomitant pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in individuals with prediabetes or diabetes decreases over time after an attack of acute pancreatitis.CONCLUSION:Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency occurs in 40%of individuals with newly diagnosed prediabetes or diabetes mellitus after acute pancreatitis.Further studies are needed to investigate the pathogenesis of diabetes in this setting. | Stephanie L M Das James I C Kennedy Rinki Murphy Anthony R J Phillips John A Windsor Maxim S Petrov | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，45： | 9 |
| 12 | Plasminogen kringle 5-engineered glioma cells block migration of tumor- associated macrophages and suppress tumor vascularization and progres- sion.显示文摘 | Perri SR Nalbantoglu J Annabi B Koty Z Lejeune L Francois M Di Falco MR Beliveau R Galipeau J | 2005 | 中国神经肿瘤杂志2005，3，3： | 8 |
| 13 | Ultrafine Grained HSLA Steels for Cold Forming显示文摘The industrial level production of ultrafine grained(or ultrafine ferrite)ferrous alloys was investigated through three examples of steels that complied with the EN 10149-2 Euronorm and were produced by advanced controlled hot rolling techniques.The steel samples were tension tested and chemically analyzed,and the microstructure was evaluated through quantitative metallographic techniques to determine parameters such as yield stress,amount of microalloying elements,strain hardening coefficient,grain size,and grain size distribution.These steels were microalloyed with Ti,Nb,and Mn with ASTM grain sizes of approximately 13-15.The careful control of chemical composition and deformation during production,giving a specific attention to the deformation sequences,austenite non-recrystallization temperatures and allotropic transformations during cooling,are indispensable to obtain steels with an adequate strain hardening coefficient that allows cold working operations such as bending,stretching or drawing. | R González J O García M A Barbés M J Quintana L F Verdeja J I Verdeja | 2010 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2010，17，10： | 7 |
| 14 | 固定低剂量三联抗高血压药物与常规治疗对斯里兰卡轻度至中度高血压患者血压控制的疗效差异:一项随机临床试验显示文摘控制不良的高血压是全球领先的公共卫生问题,需要新的治疗策略。该研究评估低剂量三联抗高血压药物治疗是否能达到比常规治疗更好的血压控制。研究者纳入2016年2月至2017年5月在斯里兰卡11所城市医院诊所就诊的需要开始抗高血压治疗(未治疗的患者)或接受单药治疗的患者,进行低剂量三联降压与常规治疗比较的随机、开放性试验,随访至2017年10月。 | Web-ster R Salam A de Silva HA Selak V Stepien S Rajapakse S Amarasekara S Amarasena N Billot L de Silva AP Fernando M Guggilla R Jan S Jayawardena J Maulik PK Mendis S Munasinghe J Naik N Prabhakaran D Ranasinghe G Thom S Tisserra N Senaratne V Wijekoon S Wijeyasingam S Rodgers A Patel A 刘莉 叶鹏 | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，12： | 7 |
| 15 | High-throughput screening of mouse gene knockouts identifies established and novel skeletal phenotypes显示文摘Screening gene function in vivo is a powerful approach to discover novel drug targets. We present high-throughput screening(HTS) data for 3 762 distinct global gene knockout(KO) mouse lines with viable adult homozygous mice generated using either gene-trap or homologous recombination technologies. Bone mass was determined from DEXA scans of male and female mice at 14 weeks of age and by microCT analyses of bones from male mice at 16 weeks of age. Wild-type(WT) cagemates/littermates were examined for each gene KO. Lethality was observed in an additional 850 KO lines. Since primary HTS are susceptible to false positive findings, additional cohorts of mice from KO lines with intriguing HTS bone data were examined. Aging,ovariectomy, histomorphometry and bone strength studies were performed and possible non-skeletal phenotypes were explored. Together, these screens identified multiple genes affecting bone mass: 23 previously reported genes(Calcr, Cebpb, Crtap, Dcstamp, Dkk1, Duoxa2, Enpp1, Fgf23, Kiss1/Kiss1 r, Kl(Klotho),Lrp5, Mstn, Neo1, Npr2, Ostm1, Postn, Sfrp4, Slc30a5, Slc39a13, Sost, Sumf1, Src, Wnt10b), five novel genes extensively characterized(Cldn18, Fam20 c, Lrrk1, Sgpl1, Wnt16), five novel genes with preliminary characterization(Agpat2, Rassf5, Slc10a7, Slc26a7, Slc30a10) and three novel undisclosed genes coding for potential osteoporosis drug targets. | Robert Brommage Jeff Liu Gwenn M Hansen Laura L Kirkpatrick David G Potter Arthur T Ss Brian Zambrowicz David R Powell Peter Vogel | 2014 | Bone Research2014，2，3： | 7 |
| 16 | 文献快报(4):肥胖儿童长期接触空气污染,更易患2型糖尿病显示文摘世界人口中2型糖尿病平均患病率为2%~6%,其中儿童2型糖尿病占所有2型糖尿病的1%~2%。目前多认为肥胖、高能量饮食、体力活动不足、高血压、血脂异常等是2型糖尿病的主要危险因素。来自《糖尿病》(Diabetes)杂志上的一项最新研究显示:居住在空气污染水平较高地区的拉丁裔儿童患2型糖尿病的风险更高,这是首次在儿童群体中发现空气污染与糖尿病风险之间的关联。 | alderete t l habre r toledo-corral c m 孙莹(编译) | 2017 | 中国学校卫生2017，38，5： | 7 |
| 17 | 绝对重力测量在云南和北京观测到的重力时间变化显示文摘中国地震局地震研究所与德国汉诺威大学大地测量研究所于1990、1992和1995年共同在滇西地震预报实验场和昆明进行了3次绝对重力测量。此外,1990、1992年在北京,1990年在武汉也进行了绝对重力测量。通过对各次绝对测量的结果进行比较,并与其它重力仪获得的数据的对比估算了它们的可靠性,进而详细地讨论了各个测点的重力变化。研究发现:在香山、黑龙潭、下关和保山观测到了-010μms-2以上的重力变化,其中前两个点是地下水位变化引起的,后两个点是地震活动引起的。此外,在北京的白家疃和昆明的野毛山不同时间的测量结果差异更大。 | 贾民育 邢灿飞 李辉 孙少安 TORGE W TIMMEN L SCHNUELL M ROEDER R | 1999 | 中国地震1999，15，1： | 7 |
| 18 | Leukemia:研究鉴定出与34种AML白血病亚群相关联的基因突变显示文摘针对成年急性髓细胞白血病(acute myeloid leukemia,AML)患者的一项新的大型研究将80种癌症相关基因突变与5种AML亚型相关联。这5种AML亚型可通过特异性的染色体异常加以确定。在未来,这些发现可能有助指导基因突变测试和治疗决策。 | A-K Eisfeld K Mrózek J Kohlschmidt D Nicolet S Orwick C J Walker K W Kroll J S Blachly A J Carroll J E Kolitz B L Powell E S Wang R M Stone A de la Chapelle J C Byrd C D Bloomfield | 2017 | 现代生物医学进展2017，17，15： | 7 |
| 19 | Three-dimensional structural changes in living hippocampal neurons imaged using magnetic AC mode atomic force microscopy.显示文摘 | Yunxu S Danying L Yanfang R Dong H Wanyun M | 2006 | 中国生物学文摘2006，20，9： | 7 |
| 20 | Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Patient-Centered Approach: Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)显示文摘 | Inzucchi Silvio E Bergenstal Richard M Buse John B Diamant Michaela Ferrannini Ele Nauck Michael Peters Anne L Tsapas Apostolos Wender Richard Matthews David R | 2012 | EN2012，，3： | 6 |
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