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| 1 | 关于中国土壤碳库及固碳潜力研究的若干问题显示文摘土壤碳库研究及碳汇问题是近年来土壤碳循环与全球变化研究的热点领域.本文回顾了中国土壤碳库估算的研究成果,分析了我国土壤碳库在气候变化下的演变态势,并探讨了土壤有机碳矿化与温室气体的释放问题.整合已有的研究资料,可以认为中国土壤总有机碳库接近90Pg,无机碳库约为60Pg,农田土壤已有的固碳速率在20~25Tg/a水平.农田土壤固碳的理论容量可以达到2.0Pg水平,但农业技术的实施能够实现的技术潜力可能仅为理论潜力的1/3左右.因此,改善土壤管理和农田经营机制可能是提高土壤固碳技术潜力的关键.土壤固碳中有机碳积累并不表现出分解的敏感性,固碳显得有利于提高农田生产力和改善生态系统功能,一些农田综合温室气体排放的生命周期评价的案例研究反而显示有机质积累下农业生产的碳排放强度没有提高甚而降低.未来中国土壤碳库研究的重点发展方向在于:(1)以流域为尺度和地球表层系统为对象的系统固碳与碳汇研究;(2)生态系统土壤碳固定与稳定机制,特别是土壤固碳与生产力和生态服务功能的协同机理和多界面过程.中国土壤碳科学将面临多学科集成和多目标服务的新发展机遇. | 郑聚锋 程琨 潘根兴 SMITH Pete 李恋卿 张旭辉 郑金伟 韩晓君 杜彦玲 | 2011 | 科学通报2011，56，26： | 52 |
| 2 | Perspectives on studies on soil carbon stocks and the carbon sequestration potential of China显示文摘Soil carbon stocks and sequestration have been given a lot of attention recently in the study of terrestrial ecosystems and global climate change.This review focuses on the progress made on the estimation of the soil carbon stocks of China,and the characterization of carbon dynamics of croplands with regard to climate change,and addresses issues on the mineralization of soil organic carbon in relation to greenhouse gas emissions.By integrating existing research data,China's total soil organic carbon(SOC) stock is estimated to be 90 Pg and its inorganic carbon(SIC) stock as 60 Pg,with SOC sequestration rates in the range of 20-25 Tg/a for the last two decades.An estimation of the biophysical potential of SOC sequestration has been generally agreed as being 2 Pg over the long term,of which only 1/3 could be attainable using contemporary agricultural technologies in all of China's croplands.Thus,it is critical to enhance SOC sequestration and mitigate climate change to improve agricultural and land use management in China.There have been many instances where SOC accumulation may not induce an increased amount of decomposition under a warming scenario but instead favor improved cropland productivity and ecosystem functioning.Furthermore,unchanged or even decreased net global warming potential(GWP) from croplands with enhanced SOC has been reported by a number of case studies using life cycle analysis.Future studies on soil carbon stocks and the sequestration potential of China are expected to focus on:(1) Carbon stocks and the sequestration capacity of the earths' surface systems at scales ranging from the plot to the watershed and(2) multiple interface processes and the synergies between carbon sequestration and ecosystem productivity and ecosystem functioning at scales from the molecular level to agro-ecosystems.Soil carbon science in China faces new challenges and opportunities to undertake integrated research applicable to many areas. | ZHENG JuFeng CHENG Kun PAN GenXing Pete SMITH LI LianQing ZHANG XuHui ZHENG JinWei HAN XiaoJun DU YanLing | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，35： | 24 |
| 3 | Natural Climate Solutions for China:The Last Mile to Carbon Neutrality显示文摘“I call on all leaders worldwide to declare a State of Climate Emergency in their own countries until carbon neutrality is reached.”–António GUTERRES(United Nations Secretary General),12 December,2020 There is no shortcut to a carbon neutral society;solutions are urgently required from both energy&industrial sectors and global ecosystems.While the former is often held accountable and emphasized in terms of its emissions reduction capability,the latter(recently termed natural climate solutions)should also be assessed for potential and limitations by the scientific community,the public,and policy makers. | Zhangcai QIN Xi DENG Bronson GRISCOM Yao HUANG Tingting LI Pete SMITH Wenping YUAN Wen ZHANG | 2021 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2021，38，6： | 5 |
| 4 | Impacts of land use and salinization on soil inorganic and organic carbon in the middle-lower Yellow River Delta显示文摘Soil inorganic carbon(SIC)is an important reservoir of carbon(C)in arid,semi-arid,and semi-humid regions.However,knowledge is incomplete on the dynamics of SIC and its relationship with soil organic C(SOC)under different land use types in the semi-humid region,particularly in coastal zones impacted by soil salinization.We collected 170 soil samples from 34 profiles across various land use types(maize-wheat,cotton,paddy,and reed)in the middle-lower Yellow River Delta(YRD),China.We measured soil pH,electrical conductivity(EC),water-soluble salts,and SOC and SIC contents.Our results showed significant differences in both SOC and SIC among land use types.The dry cropland(maize-wheat and cotton)soils had significantly higher SOC and SIC densities(4.71 and 15.46 kg C m^(-2),respectively)than the paddy soils(3.28 and 14.09 kg C m^(-2),respectively)in the 0–100 cm layer.Compared with paddy soils,reed soils contained significantly higher SOC(4.68 kg C m^(-2))and similar SIC(15.02 kg C m^(-2))densities.There was a significant positive correlation between SOC and SIC densities over a 0–100 cm soil depth in dry cropland soils,but a negative relationship in the paddy soils.On average,SOC and SIC densities under maize-wheat cropping were 15%and 4%lower,respectively,in the salt-affected soils in the middle-lower YRD than the upper YRD.This study indicated that land use types had great influences on both SOC and SIC and their relationship,and salinization had adverse effect on soil C storage in the YRD. | Yang GUO Xiujun WANG Xianglan LI Minggang XU Yuan LI Haonan ZHENG Yongming LUO Pete SMITH | 2021 | Pedosphere2021，31，6： | 4 |
| 5 | The role of soil organic matter in maintaining the productivity and yield stability of cereals in China显示文摘 | Genxing Pan Pete Smith Weinan Pan | 2008 | Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment2008，，1： | 2 |
| 6 | Soil inorganic carbon sequestration through alkalinity regeneration using biologically induced weathering of rock powder and biochar显示文摘Soil inorganic carbon(SIC)accounts for about half of the C reserves worldwide and is considered more stable than soil organic carbon(SOC).However,soil acidification,driven mainly by nitrogen(N)fertilization can accelerate SIC losses,possibly leading to complete loss under continuous and intensive N fertilization.Carbonate-free soils are less fertile,productive,and more prone to erosion.Therefore,minimizing carbonate losses is essential for soil health and climate change mitigation.Rock/mineral residues or powder have been suggested as a cheaper source of amendments to increase soil alkalinity.However,slow mineral dissolution limits its efficient utilization.Soil microorganisms play a vital role in the weathering of rocks and their inoculation with mineral residues can enhance dissolution rates.Biochar is an alternative material for soil amendments,in particular,bone biochar(BBC)contains higher Ca and Mg that can induce even higher alkalinity.This review covers i)the contribution and mechanism of rock residues in alkalinity generation,ii)the role of biochar or BBC to soil alkalinity,and iii)the role of microbial inoculation for accelerating alkalinity generation through enhanced mineral dissolution.We conclude that using rock residues/BBC combined with microbial agents could mitigate soil acidification and SIC losses and also improve agricultural circularity. | Muhammad Azeem Sajjad Raza Gang Li Pete Smith Yong-Guan Zhu | 2022 | Soil Ecology Letters2022，4，4： | 2 |
| 7 | China’s low-emission pathways toward climate-neutral livestock production for animal-derived foods显示文摘Animal-derived food production accounts for 19%of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Diet followed in China is ranked as lowcarbon emitting(i.e.,0.21 t CO_(2-)eq per capita in 2018,ranking at 145^(th) of 168 countries)due to the low average animal-derived food consumption rate,and preferential consumption of animal-derived foods with lower GHG emissions(i.e.,pork and eggs versus beef and milk). | Rong Wang Zhaohai Bai Jinfeng Chang Qiushuang Li Alexander N.Hristov Pete Smith Yulong Yin Zhiliang Tan Min Wang | 2022 | The Innovation2022，3，2： | 2 |
| 8 | Carbon losses from soil and its consequences for land-use management显示文摘 | Julian J C Dawson Pete Smith | 2007 | Science of the Total Environment2007，382，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Expression and function of Toll-like receptors in chicken heterophils显示文摘 | Michael H. Kogut Muhammad Iqbal Haiqi He Victoria Philbin Pete Kaiser Adrian Smith | 2005 | Developmental and Comparative Immunology2005，，9： | 1 |
| 10 | Fish feed as a source of oxytetracycline-resistant bacteria in the sediments under fish farms显示文摘 | Joe Kerry Maura Hiney Rosie Coyne Saoirse NicGabhainn Deirdre Gilroy Dave Cazabon Pete Smith | 1995 | Aquaculture1995，，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Towards an integrated global framework to assess the impacts of land use and management change on soil carbon: current capability and future vision显示文摘 | Pete Smith Christian A. Davies Stephen Ogle Giuliana Zanchi Jessica Bellarby Neil Bird Robert M. Boddey Niall P. M c Namara David Powlson Annette Cowie Meine Noordwijk Sarah C. Davis Daniel DE B. Richter Len Kryzanowski Mark T. Wijk Judith Stuart Akira Ki | 2012 | Glob Change Biol2012，，7： | 1 |
| 12 | An increase in topsoil SOC stock of China’s croplands between 1985 and 2006 revealed by soil monitoring显示文摘 | Pan G X Xu X W Pete Smith | 2010 | Agriculture Ecosystem and Environment2010，136，： | 1 |
| 13 | Greenhouse gas mitigation in agriculture显示文摘 | Smith Pete Martino Daniel Cai Zucong Gwary Daniel Janzen Henry Kumar Pushpam McCarl Bruce Ogle Stephen O&apos Mara Frank Rice Charles Scholes Bob Sirotenko Oleg Howden Mark McAllister Tim Pan Genxing Romanenkov Vladimir Schneider Uwe Towprayoon Sirintornt | 2007 | Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B2007，，1492： | 1 |
| 14 | Soil C storage as affected by tillage and straw management: An assessment using field measurements and model predictions显示文摘 | Kees Jan van Groenigen Astley Hastings Dermot Forristal Brendan Roth Mike Jones Pete Smith | 2010 | Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment2010，，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Carbon Sequestration in the Agricultural Soils of Europe显示文摘 | Annette Freibauer Mark D A Rounsevell Pete Smith | 2004 | Geoderma2004，122，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Greenhouse gas mitigation in agriculture显示文摘 | Smith Pete Martino Daniel Cai Zucong Gwary Daniel Janzen Henry Kumar Pushpam McCarl Bruce Ogle Stephen O&apos Mara Frank Rice Charles Scholes Bob Sirotenko Oleg Howden Mark McAllister Tim Pan Genxing Romanenkov Vladimir Schneider Uwe Towprayoon Sirintorn | 2007 | 2007 (1492)2007，，1492： | 1 |
| 17 | Policy and technological constraints to implementation of greenhouse gas mitigation options in agriculture显示文摘 | Pete Smith Daniel Martino Zucong Cai Daniel Gwary Henry Janzen Pushpam Kumar Bruce McCarl Stephen Ogle Frank O’Mara Charles Rice Bob Scholes Oleg Sirotenko Mark Howden Tim McAllister Genxing Pan Vladimir Romanenkov Uwe Schneider Sirintornthep Towprayoon | 2006 | Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment2006，，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Soil C storage as affected by tillage and straw management: An assessment using field measurements and model predictions显示文摘 | Kees Jan van Groenigen Astley Hastings Dermot Forristal Brendan Roth Mike Jones Pete Smith | 2010 | Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment2010，，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Carbon sequestration in croplands: the potential in Europe and the global context显示文摘 | Pete Smith | 2003 | European Journal of Agronomy2003，，3： | 1 |
| 20 | The role of soil organic matter in main- taining the productivity and yield stability of cereals in China显示文摘 | Pan G X Pete Smith Pan W N | 2009 | Agri- culture Ecosystems and Environment2009，129，： | 1 |
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