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| 1 | Approaches to establish Q-markers for the quality standards of traditional Chinese medicines显示文摘Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has played a pivotal role in maintaining the health of Chinese people and is now gaining increasing acceptance around the global scope. However, TCM is confronting more and more concerns with respect to its quality. The intrinsic 'multicomponent and multitarget' feature of TCM necessitates the establishment of a unique quality and bioactivity evaluation system, which is different from that of the Western medicine. However, TCM is investigated essentially as'herbal medicine' or 'natural product', and the pharmacopoeia quality monographs are actually chemicalmarkers-based, which can ensure the consistency only in the assigned chemical markers, but, to some extent, have deviated from the basic TCM theory. A concept of 'quality marker'(Q-marker), following the 'property-effect-component' theory, is proposed. The establishment of Q-marker integrates multidisciplinary technologies like natural products chemistry, analytical chemistry, bionics, chemometrics,pharmacology, systems biology, and pharmacodynamics, etc. Q-marker-based fingerprint and multicomponent determination conduce to the construction of more scientific quality control system of TCM.This review delineates the background, definition, and properties of Q-marker, and the associated technologies applied for its establishment. Strategies and approaches for establishing Q-marker-based TCM quality control system are presented and highlighted with a few TCM examples. | Wenzhi Yang Yibei Zhang Wanying Wu Luqi Huang Dean Guo Changxiao Liu | 2017 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2017，7，4： | 51 |
| 2 | The Coix Genome Provides Insights into Panicoideae Evolution and Papery Hull Domestication显示文摘Coix is a grass crop domesticated as early as the Neolithic era.It is still widely cultivated for both highly nutritional food and medicinal use.However,the genetic study and breeding of this crop are hindered by the lack of a sequenced genome.Here,we report de novo sequencing and assembly of the 1619-Mb genome of Coix,and annotation of 75.39%repeats and 39629 protein-coding genes.Comparative genomics analysis showed that Coix is more closely related to sorghum than maize,but intriguingly only Coix and maize had a recent genome duplication event,which was not detected in sorghum.We further constructed a genetic map and mapped several important traits,especially the strength of hull.Selection of papery hull(thin:easy dehulling)from the stony hull(thick:difficult dehulling)in wild progenitors was a key step in Coix domestication.The papery hull makes seed easier to process and germinate.Anatomic and global transcriptome analysis revealed that the papery hull is a result of inhibition of cell division and wall biogenesis.We also successfully demonstrated that seed hull pressure resistance is controlled by two major quantitative trait loci(QTLs),which are associated with hull thickness and color,respectively.The two QTLs were further fine mapped within intervals of 250 kb and 146 kb,respectively.These resources provide a platform for evolutionary studies and will facilitate molecular breeding of this important crop. | Chao Guo Yanan Wang Aiguo Yang Jun He Chaowen Xiao Shanhua Lv Fengming Han Yibing Yuan Yuan Yuan Xiaolong Dong Juan Guo YawenYang-Hailan Liu Ningzhi Zuo Yaxi Hu Kangxu Zhao Zhengbo Jiang Xing Wang Tingting Jiang Yaou Sherf Moju Cao Yuan Wang Zhaobo Long Tingzhao Rong Luqi Huang Shufeng Zhou | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，2： | 11 |
| 3 | The chromosome-level reference genome assembly for Panax notoginseng and insights into ginsenoside biosynthesis显示文摘Panax notoginseng,a perennial herb of the genus Panax in the family Araliaceae,has played an important role in clinical treatment in China for thousands of years because of its extensive pharmacological effects.Here,we report a high-quality reference genome of P.notoginseng,with a genome size up to 2.66 Gb and a contig N50 of 1.12 Mb,produced with third-generation PacBio sequencing technology.This is the first chromosome-level genome assembly for the genus Panax.Through genome evolution analysis,we explored phylogenetic and whole-genome duplication events and examined their impact on saponin biosynthesis.We performed a detailed transcriptional analysis of P.notoginseng and explored genelevel mechanisms that regulate the formation of characteristic tubercles.Next,we studied the biosynthesis and regulation of saponins at temporal and spatial levels.We combined multi-omics data to identify genes that encode key enzymes in the P.notoginseng terpenoid biosynthetic pathway.Finally,we identified five glycosyltransferase genes whose products catalyzed the formation of different ginsenosides in P.notoginseng.The genetic information obtained in this study provides a resource for further exploration of the growth characteristics,cultivation,breeding,and saponin biosynthesis of P.notoginseng. | Zhouqian Jiang Lichan Tu Weifei Yang Yifeng Zhang Tianyuan Hu Baowei Ma Yun Lu Xiuming Cui Jie Gao Xiaoyi Wu Yuru Tong Jiawei Zhou Yadi Song Yuan Liu Nan Liu Luqi Huang Wei Gao | 2021 | Plant Communications2021，2，1： | 11 |
| 4 | Effect of cadmium on photosynthetic pigments,lipid peroxidation,antioxidants,and artemisinin in hydroponically grown Artemisia annua显示文摘The effects of different cadmium(Cd) concentrations(0,20,60,and 100 μmol/L) on hydroponically grown Artemisia annua L.were investigated.Cd treatments applied for 0,4,12,24,72,144,216,and 336 hr were assessed by measuring the changes in photosynthetic pigments,electrolyte leakage,malondialdehyde(MDA) and antioxidants(ascorbic acid and glutathione),while the artemisinin content was tested after 0,12,144,216,and 336 hr.A significant decrease was observed in photosynthetic pigment levels over time with increasing Cd concentration.Chlorophyll b levels were more affected by Cd than were chlorophyll a or carotenoid levels.The cell membrane was sensitive to Cd stress,as MDA content in all treatment groups showed insignificant differences from the control group,except at 12 hr treatment time.Ascorbic acid(AsA) content changed slightly over time,while glutathione(GSH) content took less time to reach a maximum as Cd concentration increased.Cd was found to promote synthesis and accumulation of artemisinin,especially at concentrations of 20 and 100 μmol/L.In conclusion,Cd stress can damage to photosynthetic pigments,and vigorously growing A.annua showed a strong tolerance for Cd stress.Appropriate amounts of added Cd aided synthesis and accumulation of artemisinin. | Xuan Li Manxi Zhao Lanping Guo Luqi Huang | 2012 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2012，24，8： | 9 |
| 5 | EVenn:Easy to create repeatable and editable Venn diagrams and Venn networks online显示文摘Effective visualization of features generated in next-generation sequencing or other experimental assays is of great interest.These features include operational taxonomy units(OTUs)in microbiome analysis(Zhang et al.,2019),genes,single nucleotide variants,and gene ontology information in transcriptome,genome,and epigenome analysis(Liu et al.,2018),ingredients in traditional Chinese formulas(Li et al.,2020). | Tong Chen Haiyan Zhang Yu Liu Yong-Xin Liu Luqi Huang | 2021 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2021，48，9： | 8 |
| 6 | Effects of ecological factors on secondary metabolites and inorganic elements of Scutellaria baicalensis and analysis of geoherblism显示文摘This study analyzed the effects of ecological factors on secondary metabolites of Scutellaria baicalensis using two sources:92individual roots of S.baicalensis from all over China,and secondary metabolites,medicinal materials and inorganic element contents obtained from the testing of 92 S.baicalensis rhizosphere soil samples.The study used environmental data from the Genuine Medicinal Material Spatial Analysis Database.Most of the chemical constituents of S.baicalensis were negatively correlated to latitude and positively correlated to temperature;generally,the contents of 21 chemical constituents were higher at low latitudes than that at high latitudes.By gradual regression analysis,it was found that the content of baicalin in S.baicalensis was negatively correlated to latitude and generally the content of inorganic elements in soil was excessively high(excluding Mg and Ca),which has a negative effect on the accumulation of chemical constituents in S.baicalensis.Based on the cluster analysis of 21 constituents,S.baicalensis from different places of origin was divided into two groups,and S.baicalensis was not genuine only in a specific small region.Within the zone from Chifeng,Inner Mongolia to Taibai,Shaanxi is suitable for accumulation of secondary metabolites of S.baicalensis and such a zone represents a suitable distribution and potential genuine producing area. | GUO LanPing WANG Sheng ZHANG Ji YANG Guang ZHAO ManXi MA WeiFeng ZHANG XiaoBo LI Xuan HAN BangXing CHEN NaiFu HUANG LuQi | 2013 | Science China(Life Sciences)2013，56，11： | 7 |
| 7 | Functional identification of the terpene synthase family involved in diterpenoid alkaloids biosynthesis in Aconitum carmichaelii显示文摘Aconitum carmichaelii is a high-value medicinal herb widely used across China,Japan,and other Asian countries.Aconitine-type diterpene alkaloids(DAs)are the characteristic compounds in Aconitum.Although six transcriptomes,based on short-read next generation sequencing technology,have been reported from the Aconitum species,the terpene synthase(TPS)corresponding to DAs biosynthesis remains unidentified.We apply a combination of Pacbio isoform sequencing and RNA sequencing to provide a comprehensive view of the A.carmichaelii transcriptome.Nineteen TPSs and five alternative splicing isoforms belonging to TPS-b,TPS-c,and TPS-e/f subfamilies were identified.In vitro enzyme reaction analysis functional identified two sesqui-TPSs and twelve di TPSs.Seven of the TPS-c subfamily genes reacted with GGPP to produce the intermediate ent-copalyl diphosphate.Five Ac KSLs separately reacted with ent-CPP to produce ent-kaurene,ent-atiserene,and ent-13-epi-sandaracopimaradie:a new diterpene found in Aconitum.Ac TPSs gene expression in conjunction DAs content analysis in different tissues validated that ent-CPP is the sole precursor to all DAs biosynthesis,with Ac KSL1,Ac KSL2 s and Ac KSL3-1 responsible for C20 atisine and napelline type DAs biosynthesis,respectively.These data clarified the molecular basis for the C20-DAs biosynthetic pathway in A.carmichaelii and pave the way for further exploration of C19-DAs biosynthesis in the Aconitum species. | Liuying Mao Baolong Jin Lingli Chen Mei Tian Rui Ma Biwei Yin Haiyan Zhang Juan Guo Jinfu Tang Tong Chen Changjiangsheng Lai Guanghong Cui Luqi Huang | 2021 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2021，11，10： | 6 |
| 8 | Molecular cloning and functional identification of a cDNA encoding 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase from Tripterygium wilfordii显示文摘The 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase(HDR) is the last step key enzyme of the methylerythritol phosphate(MEP) pathway,synthesizing isopentenyl diphosphate and its allyl isomer dimethylallyl diphosphate,which is important for regulation of isoprenoid biosynthesis.Here the full-length cDNA of HDR,designated TwHDR(GenBank Accession No.KJ933412.1),was isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii for the first time.TwHDR has an open reading frame(ORF) of 1386 bp encoding461 amino acids.TwHDR exhibits high homology with HDRs of other plants,with an N-terminal conserved domain and three conserved cysteine residues.TwHDR cDNA was cloned into an expression vector and transformed into an Escherichia coli hdr mutant.Since loss-of-function E.coli hdr mutant is lethal,the result showed that transformation of TwHDR cDNA rescued the E.coli hdr mutant.This complementation assay suggests that the TwHDR cDNA encodes a functional HDR enzyme.The expression of TwHDR was induced by methyl-jasmonate(MJ) in T.wilfordii suspension cells.The expression of TwHDR reached the highest level after 1 h of MJ treatment.These results indicate that we have identified a functional TwHDR enzyme,which may play a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of diterpenoid triptolide in T.wilfordii. | Qiqing Cheng Yuru Tong Zihao Wang Ping Su Wei Gao Luqi Huang | 2017 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2017，7，2： | 5 |
| 9 | Molecular cloning and functional identification of sterol C24-methyltransferase gene from Tripterygium wilfordii显示文摘Sterol C24-methyltransferase(SMT) plays multiple important roles in plant growth and development. SMT1, which belongs to the family of transferases and transforms cycloartenol into 24-methylene cycloartenol, is involved in the biosynthesis of 24-methyl sterols. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a sterol C24-methyltransferase from Tripterygium wilfordii(Tw SMT1). Tw SMT1(Gen Bank access number KU885950) is a 1530 bp cDNA with a 1041 bp open reading frame predicted to encode a 346-amino acid, 38.62 k Da protein. The polypeptide encoded by the SMT1 cDNA was expressed and purified as a recombinant protein from Escherichia coli(E. coli) and showed SMT activity. The expression of Tw SMT1 was highly up-regulated in T. wilfordii cell suspension cultures treated with methyl jasmonate(Me JA). Tissue expression pattern analysis showed higher expression in the phellem layer compared to the other four organs(leaf, stem, xylem and phloem), which is about ten times that of the lowest expression in leaf. The results are meaningful for the study of sterolbiosynthesis of T. wilfordii and will further lay the foundations for the research in regulating both the content of other main compounds and growth and development of T. wilfordii. | Hongyu Guan Yujun Zhao Ping Su Yuru Tong Yujia Liu Tianyuan Hu Yifeng Zhang Xianan Zhang Jia Li Xiaoyi Wu Luqi Huang Wei Gao | 2017 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2017，7，5： | 4 |
| 10 | Engineering of triterpene metabolism and overexpression of the lignin biosynthesis gene PAL promotes ginsenoside Rg3 accumulation in ginseng plant chassis显示文摘The ginsenoside Rgfound in Panax species has extensive pharmacological properties,in particular anti-cancer effects.However,its natural yield in Panax plants is limited.Here,we report a multimodular strategy to improve yields of Rgin a Panax ginseng chassis,combining engineering of triterpene metabolism and overexpression of a lignin biosynthesis gene,phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL).We first performed semi-rational design and site mutagenesis to improve the enzymatic efficiency of Pq3-O-UGT2,a glycosyltransferase that directly catalyzes the biosynthesis of Rgfrom Rh.Next,we used clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9)gene editing to knock down the branch pathway of protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside biosynthesis to enhance the metabolic flux of the protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside Rg.Overexpression of PAL accelerated the formation of the xylem structure,significantly improving ginsenoside Rgaccumulation(to 6.19-fold higher than in thecontrol).Wecombinedoverexpression of the ginsenoside aglycon synthetic genes squalene epoxidase,Pq3-O-UGT2,and PAL with CRISPR/Cas9-based knockdown of CYP716A53v2 to improve ginsenoside Rgaccumulation.Finally,we produced ginsenoside Rgat a yield of 83.6 mg/L in a shake flask(7.0 mg/g dry weight,21.12-fold higher than with wild-type cultures).The highproduction system established in this study could be a potential platform to produce the ginsenoside Rgcommercially for pharmaceutical use. | Lu Yao Huanyu Zhang Yirong Liu Qiushuang Ji Jing Xie Ru Zhang Luqi Huang Kunrong Mei Juan Wang Wenyuan Gao | 2022 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2022，64，9： | 3 |
| 11 | An ethnopharmacological investigation of medicinal Salvia plants (Lamiaceae) in China显示文摘In China,over 40 species of the genus Salvia have been used as medicinal plants for various diseases,some for thousands of years.Recently,research has focused on the biological activities of Salvia medicinal plants used in traditional chinese medicine(TCM).However,to date a scientific survey of the genus Salvia in China has not been carried out.In this paper,we report the results of 10 field surveys of Salvia medicinal plants collected in 17 provinces including detailed information on their local names,growing environment,distribution and therapeutic effects.We also summarize the results of research on the materia medica,phytochemistry and pharmacology of some of the important Salvia medicinal plants.Our study reveals that 35 Salvia plants have been used in TCM in different regions of China,including 20 species used as Danshen to treat heart diseases,and 15 species used to treat a range of other conditions including gynecological diseases,muscular or skeletal problems,hepatitis,urological diseases,and mouth and eye conditions.It is clear that some species of Salvia L.possess significant pharmacological activity in the context of ethnopharmacological knowledge,especially in the treatment of heart disease.Further studies of the phytochemistry and pharmacology of Salvia species will no doubt improve their medical utilization and contribute to the development of new natural drugs. | Minhui Li Qianquan Li Chunhong Zhang Na Zhang Zhanhu Cui Luqi Huang Peigen Xiao | 2013 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2013，3，4： | 2 |
| 12 | Chemical study and medical application of saponins as anti-cancer agents显示文摘 | Shuli Man Wenyuan Gao Yanjun Zhang Luqi Huang Changxiao Liu | 2010 | Fitoterapia2010，，7： | 2 |
| 13 | Top-geoherbs of traditional Chinese medicine:common traits,quality characteristics and formation显示文摘Top-geoherbs used in China are always featured with high qualities,and they grow in specified areas with specific environment.Recently,researches on top-geoherbs have attracted increasing attention in China and other countries.In order to have a thorough knowledge of top-geoherbs,this article reviews the concept,historical evolution,common trait and quality characteristics of top-geoherbs,and explains the forming mechanism including genetic mechanism and environmental mechanism.In addition,it introduces the influence of human factors on the quality of top-geoherbs.Finally,it proposes some problems that should be paid attention to in the researches on top-geoherbs. | Luqi Huang Lanping Guo Chaoyi Ma Wei Gao Qingjun Yuan | 2011 | Frontiers of Medicine2011，5，2： | 2 |
| 14 | Classic mechanisms and experimental models for the anti-inflammatory effect of traditional Chinese medicine显示文摘Inflammation is a common disease involved in the pathogenesis,complications,and sequelae of a large number of related diseases,and therefore considerable research has been directed toward developing anti-inflammatory drugs for the prevention and treatment of these diseases.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been used to treat inflammatory and related diseases since ancient times.According to the re-view of abundant modern scientific researches,it is suggested that TCM exhibit anti-inflammatory effects at different levels,and via multiple pathways with various targets,and recently a series of in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory models have been developed for anti-inflammation research in TCM.Currently,the reported classic mechanisms of TCM and experimental models of its anti-inflammatory effects pro-vide reference points and guidance for further research and development of TCM.Importantly,the research clearly confirms that TCM is now and will continue to be an effective form of treatment for many types of inflammation and inflammation-related diseases. | Du Hongzhi Hou Xiaoying Guo Yujie Chen Le Miao Yuhuan Liu Dahui Huang Luqi | 2022 | Animal Models and Experimental Medicine2022，5，2： | 2 |
| 15 | Study of Mode Characteristics for Equilateral Triangle Semiconductor Microlasers显示文摘InGaAsP semiconductor ETR microlasers with side length of 5 and 10 um are fabricated by ICP etching. The peaks in photoluminenscent spectra corresponding to longitudinal modes are observed with the interval consisting with the theoretical formulae. | Qiao-Yin Lu, Xiao-Hong Chen, Wei-Hua Guo, Li-Juan Yu, Yong-Zhen Huang State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing 100083, China, Tel: 010-82304524, E-mail: luqy@redsemi.ac.cnJian Wang and Yi LuoState Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China | 2003 | 光学学报2003，23，S1： | 2 |
| 16 | Mechanistic analysis for the origin of diverse diterpenes in Tripterygium wilfordii显示文摘Tripterygium wilfordii is a valuable medicinal plant rich in biologically active diterpenoids,but there are few studies on the origins of these diterpenoids in its secondary metabolism.Here,we identified three regions containing tandemly duplicated diterpene synthase genes on chromosomes(Chr) 17 and 21 of T. wilfordii and obtained 11 diterpene synthases with different functions.We farther revealed that these diterpene synthases underwent duplication and rearrangement at approximately 2.3-23.7 million years ago(MYA) by whole-genome triplication(WGT),transposon mediation,and tandem duplication,followed by functional divergence.We first demonstrated that four key amino acids in the sequences of TwCPS3,TwCPS5,and TwCPSS were altered during evolution,leading to their functional divergence and the formation of diterpene secondary metabolites.Then,we demonstrated that the functional divergence of three TwKSLs was driven by mutations in two key amino acids.Finally,we discovered the mechanisms of evolution and pseudogenization of miltiradiene synthases in T.wilfordii and elucidated that the new function in TwMS1/2 from the terpene synthase(TPS)-b subfamily was caused by progressive changes in multiple amino acids after the WGT event.Our results provide key evidence for the formation of diverse diterpenoids during the evolution of secondary metabolites in T.wilfordii. | Lichan Tu Xinbo Cai Yifeng Zhang Yuru Tong Jian Wang Ping Su Yun Lu Tianyuan Hu Yunfeng Luo Xiaoyi Wu Dan Li Luqi Huang Wei Gao | 2022 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2022，12，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Diabetic vascular diseases:molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies显示文摘Vascular complications of diabetes pose a severe threat to human health.Prevention and treatment protocols based on a single vascular complication are no longer suitable for the long-term management of patients with diabetes.Diabetic panvascular disease(DPD)is a clinical syndrome in which vessels of various sizes,including macrovessels and microvessels in the cardiac,cerebral,renal,ophthalmic,and peripheral systems of patients with diabetes,develop atherosclerosis as a common pathology.Pathological manifestations of DPDs usually manifest macrovascular atherosclerosis,as well as microvascular endothelial function impairment,basement membrane thickening,and microthrombosis.Cardiac,cerebral,and peripheral microangiopathy coexist with microangiopathy,while renal and retinal are predominantly microangiopathic.The following associations exist between DPDs:numerous similar molecular mechanisms,and risk-predictive relationships between diseases.Aggressive glycemic control combined with early comprehensive vascular intervention is the key to prevention and treatment.In addition to the widely recommended metformin,glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist,and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors,for the latest molecular mechanisms,aldose reductase inhibitors,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γagonizts,glucokinases agonizts,mitochondrial energy modulators,etc.are under active development.DPDs are proposed for patients to obtain more systematic clinical care requires a comprehensive diabetes care center focusing on panvascular diseases.This would leverage the advantages of a cross-disciplinary approach to achieve better integration of the pathogenesis and therapeutic evidence.Such a strategy would confer more clinical benefits to patients and promote the comprehensive development of DPD as a discipline. | Yiwen Li Yanfei Liu Shiwei Liu Mengqi Gao Wenting Wang Keji Chen Luqi Huang Yue Liu | 2023 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2023，8，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Study on the habitat characteristics of the geoherbs of Atractylodes lancea based on geograrhic information systems (GIS) 显示文摘 | Lanping Guo Luqi Huang Hong Yan | 2005 | Journal of US-China Medical Science2005，2，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Candidate genes involved in tanshinone biosynthesis in hairy roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza revealed by cDNA mi- croarray 显示文摘 | Cui Guanghong Huang Luqi Tang Xiaojing | 2011 | Molecular Biology Reports2011，38，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Cluster analysis of ginseng tissue cultures, dynamic change of growth, total saponins, specific oxygen uptake rate in bioreactor and immuno-regulative effect of ginseng adventitious root显示文摘 | Juan Wang Shuli Man Wenyuan Gao Liming Zhang Luqi Huang | 2013 | Industrial Crops & Products2013，，： | 1 |
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