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| 1 | Cancer risk in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Epidemiology,prevention, and surveillance strategies显示文摘Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) is a rare cholestatic liver disease characterized by progressive fibroinflammatory destruction of the intra-and/or extrahepatic biliary ducts. While its features and disease course can be variable,most patients with PSC have concurrent inflammatory bowel disease and will eventually develop liver cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease, with liver transplantation representing the only potentially curative option. Importantly,PSC is associated with a significantly increased risk of malignancy compared to the general population, mainly cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder carcinoma,hepatocellular carcinoma, and colorectal cancer, with nearly 50% of deaths in patients with PSC being due to cancer. Therefore, robust surveillance strategies are needed, though uncertainty remains regarding how to best do so. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, prevention, and surveillance of cancers in patients with PSC. Where evidence is limited, we present pragmatic approaches based on currently available data and expert opinion. | Brian M Fung Keith D Lindor James H Tabibian | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，6： | 15 |
| 2 | NAFLD fibrosis score:A prognostic predictor for mortality and liver complications among NAFLD patients显示文摘AIM:To study whether the severity of liver fibrosis estimated by the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) fibrosis score can predict all-cause mortality,cardiac complications,and/or liver complications of patients with NAFLD over long-term follow-up.METHODS:A cohort of well-characterized patients with NAFLD diagnosed during the period of 1980-2000 was identified through the Rochester Epidemiology Project.The NAFLD fibrosis score(NFS) was used to separate NAFLD patients with and without advanced liver fibrosis.We used the NFS score to classify the probability of fibrosis as <-1.5 for low probability,>-1.5 to < 0.67 for intermediate probability,and > 0.67 for high probability.Primary endpoints included allcause death and cardiovascular-and/or liver-related mortality.From the 479 patients with NAFLD assessed,302 patients(63%) greater than 18 years old were included.All patients were followed,and medical charts were reviewed until August 31,2009 or the date when the first primary endpoint occurred.By using a standardized case record form,we recorded a detailed history and physical examination and the use of statins and metformin during the follow-up period.RESULTS:A total of 302/479(63%) NAFLD patients(mean age:47 ± 13 year) were included with a followup period of 12.0 ± 3.9 year.A low probability of advanced fibrosis(NFS <-1.5 at baseline) was found in 181 patients(60%),while an intermediate or high probability of advanced fibrosis(NSF >-1.5) was found in 121 patients(40%).At the end of the follow-up period,55 patients(18%) developed primary endpoints.A total of 39 patients(13%) died during the follow-up.The leading causes of death were non-hepatic malignancy(n = 13/39;33.3%),coronary heart disease(CHD)(n = 8/39;20.5%),and liver-related mortality(n = 5/39;12.8%).Thirty patients had new-onset CHD,whereas 8 of 30 patients(27%) died from CHD-related causes during the follow-up.In a multivariate analysis,a higher NFS at baseline and the presence of new-onset CHD were significantly predictive of death(OR = 2.6 and 9.2,respectively;P < 0.0001).Our study showed a significant,graded relationship between the NFS,as classified into 3 subgroups(low,intermediate and high probability of liver fibrosis),and the occurrence of primary endpoints.The use of metformin or simvastatin for at least 3 mo during the follow-up was associated with fewer deaths in patients with NAFLD(OR = 0.2 and 0.03,respectively;P < 0.05).Additionally,the rate of annual NFS change in patients with an intermediate or high probability of advanced liver fibrosis was significantly lower than those patients with a low probability of advanced liver fibrosis(0.06 vs 0.09,P = 0.004).The annual NFS change in patients who died was significantly higher than those in patients who survived(0.14 vs 0.07,P = 0.03).At the end of the follow-up,we classified the patients into 3 subgroups according to the progression pattern of liver fibrosis by comparing the NFS at baseline to the NFS at the end of the followup period.Most patients were in the stable-fibrosis(60%) and progressive-fibrosis(37%) groups,whereas only 3% were in the regressive fibrosis.CONCLUSION:A higher NAFLD fibrosis score at baseline and a new onset of CHD were significantly predictive of death in patients with NAFLD. | Sombat Treeprasertsuk Einar Bjrnsson Felicity Enders Sompongse Suwanwalaikorn Keith D Lindor | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，8： | 13 |
| 3 | Clinical features and management of primary sclerosing cholangitis显示文摘Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the bile ducts,resulting in cirrhosis and need for liver transplantation and reduced life expectancy.The majority of cases occur in young and middle-aged men,often in association with inflammatory bowel disease.The etiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis includes immune-mediated components and elements of undefined nature.No effective medical therapy has been identified.The multiple complications of primary sclerosing cholangitis include metabolic bone disease,dominant strictures,bacterial cholangitis,and malignancy,particularly cholangiocarcinoma,which is the most lethal complication of primary sclerosing cholangitis.Liver transplantation is currently the only life-extending therapeutic alternative for patients with end-stage disease,although recurrence in the allografted liver has been described.A PSC-like variant attracting attention is cholangitis marked by raised levels of the immunoglobulin G4 subclass,prominence of plasma cells within the lesions,and steroid responsiveness. | Marina G Silveira Keith D Lindor | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，21： | 9 |
| 4 | Pathogenesis of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Advances in Diagnosis and Management显示文摘 | John E. Eaton Jayant A. Talwalkar Konstantinos N. Lazaridis Gregory J. Gores Keith D. Lindor | 2013 | Gastroenterology2013，，： | 5 |
| 5 | The histological course of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a longitudinal study of 103 patients with sequential liver biopsies显示文摘 | Leon A. Adams Schuyler Sanderson Keith D. Lindor Paul Angulo | 2004 | Journal of Hepatology2004，，1： | 3 |
| 6 | 梅奥医学院的新课程改革显示文摘医学院一贯以课程负担重、培养周期长而著称。随着医学知识的不断积累、医疗技术和环境的不断更新,如何提高现代医学生的综合素质已成为医学院校都在积极探索的课题。作为美国最好的医学院之一的梅奥医学院也进行了多年的课程改革探索,并且取得了不错的成绩。 | Keith D. Lindor Barbara L. Porter 陈宗禹(译) | 2011 | 中国卫生人才2011，，5： | 3 |
| 7 | The Natural History of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study显示文摘 | Leon A. Adams James F. Lymp Jenny St. Sauver Schuyler O. Sanderson Keith D. Lindor Ariel Feldstein Paul Angulo | 2005 | Gastroenterology2005，，1： | 3 |
| 8 | The Value of Serum CA 19-9 in Predicting Cholangiocarcinomas in Patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis显示文摘 | Cynthia Levy MD James Lymp PhD Paul Angulo MD Gregory J. Gores MD Nicholas Larusso MD Keith D. Lindor | 2005 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences2005，，9： | 3 |
| 9 | 消除病毒性肝炎的联合宣言显示文摘一、病毒性肝炎给人类健康造成的严重负担
与HIV或者疟疾这些众所周知的感染性疾病相比,病毒性肝炎常被称作"沉默的杀手"。 | Javier Brahm Laurent Castera 侯金林 Keith Lindor 张新(译) 李用国(译) | 2016 | 肝脏2016，21，12： | 3 |
| 10 | Primary biliary cirrhosis显示文摘 | Lindor KD Gershwin ME Poupon R | | Hepatology0，，： | 2 |
| 11 | Unmet clinical need in autoimmune liver diseases显示文摘 | Jessica K. Dyson Gwilym Webb Gideon M. Hirschfield Ansgar Lohse Ulrich Beuers Keith Lindor David E.J. Jones | 2014 | Journal of Hepatology2014，，： | 2 |
| 12 | Survival after inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal cancer in the Colon Cancer Family Registry显示文摘AIM: To investigate the survival of individuals with colorectal cancer (CRC) with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD-associated CRC) compared to that of individuals without IBD diagnosed with CRC. METHODS: Epidemiologic, clinical, and follow-up data were obtained from the Colon Cancer Family Registry (Colon CFR). IBD-associated cases were identified from self-report of physician diagnosis. For a subset of participants, medical records were examined to confirm self-report of IBD. Cox proportional hazards regression was applied to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95%CI of mortality, comparing IBD-associated to non-IBD-associated CRC, adjusted for age at CRC diagnosis, sex, Colon CFR phase, and number of prior endoscopies. Following imputation to complete CRC stage information, adjustment for CRC stage was examined. RESULTS: A total of 7202 CRC cases, including 250 cases of IBD-associated CRC, were analyzed. Over a twelve year follow-up period following CRC diagnosis, 2013 and 74 deaths occurred among non-IBD associated CRC and IBD-associated CRC patients, respectively. The difference in survival between IBD-associated and non-IBD CRC cases was not statistically significant (aHR = 1.08; 95%CI: 0.85-1.36). However, the assumption of proportional hazards necessary for valid inference from Cox regression was not met over the entire follow-up period, and we therefore limited analyses to within five years after CRC diagnosis when the assumption of proportional hazards was met. Over this period, there was evidence of worse prognosis for IBD-associated CRC (aHR = 1.36; 95%CI: 1.05-1.76). Results were similar when adjusted for CRC stage, or restricted to IBD confirmed in medical records. CONCLUSION: These results support the hypothesis that IBD-associated CRC has a worse prognosis than non-IBD-associated CRC. | Scott V Adams Dennis J Ahnen John A Baron Peter T Campbell Steven Gallinger William M Grady Loic LeMarchand Noralane M Lindor John D Potter Polly A Newcomb | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，21： | 2 |
| 13 | Colon Neoplasms Develop Early in the Course of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis显示文摘 | Erin W. Thackeray Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya Diaa Elfaki Emmanouil Sinakos Keith D. Lindor | 2011 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2011，，1： | 2 |
| 14 | Unsedated small-caliber esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) versus conventional EGD: A comparative study显示文摘 | Darius Sorbi Christopher J. Gostout Jessica Henry Keith D. Lindor | 1999 | Gastroenterology1999，，6： | 2 |
| 15 | Primary biliary cirrhosis显示文摘 | Keith D. Lindor M. Eric Gershwin Raoul Poupon Marshall Kaplan Nora V. Bergasa E. Jenny Heathcote | 2009 | Hepatology2009，，1： | 2 |
| 16 | The Natural History of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study显示文摘 | Leon A. Adams James F. Lymp Jenny St. Sauver Schuyler O. Sanderson Keith D. Lindor Ariel Feldstein Paul Angulo | 2005 | Gastroenterology2005，，1： | 2 |
| 17 | The histological course of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a longitudinal study of 103 patients with sequential liver biopsies显示文摘 | Leon A. Adams Schuyler Sanderson Keith D. Lindor Paul Angulo | 2004 | Journal of Hepatology2004，，1： | 2 |
| 18 | Cholangiocarcinoma: Expanding the Spectrum of Risk Factors显示文摘 | Diaa H. Elfaki Andrea A. Gossard Keith D. Lindor | 2008 | Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer (-)2008，，1： | 2 |
| 19 | The role of ultrasonography and automatic-needle biopsy in outpatient percutaneous liver biopsy显示文摘 | KD Lindor C Bru RA Jorgensen J Rakela JM Bordas JB Gross J Rodes DB McGill CC Reading EM James JW Charboneau J Ludwig KP Batts AR Zinsmeister | 1996 | Hepatology1996，，5： | 2 |
| 20 | Current management of primary biliary cirrhosis and primary selerosing cholangitis 显示文摘 | LEVY C LINDOR KD | 2003 | Hepatol2003，38，： | 1 |
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