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| 1 | Identification on threshold and efficiency of rainfall replenishment to soil water in semi-arid loess hilly areas显示文摘As one critical source of water for maintaining ecosystems in arid and semi-arid regions, rainfall replenishment to soil water can determine vegetation growth and ecosystem functions. However, the limited rainfall resources were often not used effectively in the semi-arid loess hilly areas due to random temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall and specific vegetation features. Thus, it is highly significant to determine the threshold and efficiency of rainfall replenishment to soil water under different vegetation types. The threshold and efficiency can offer scientific evidence for rehabilitating vegetation and improving efficiency of using rainfall resources. In this study, the efficiency and threshold of rainfall replenishment to soil water were determined under natural grassland, wheat, artificial grassland, sea buckthorn shrubland and Chinese pine forestland based on consecutive measurements. The results indicated that the lag-time, rate, efficiency of rainfall replenishment to soil water were closely related to vegetation type, with significant differences existing among different vegetation types. The lag-time for natural grassland in the soil horizon of 20 cm was the shortest one(26.4 h), followed by wheat(27.8 h), sea buckthorn(41.8 h), artificial grassland(50.0 h) and Chinese pine(81.8 h).The value of replenishment rate, followed the order of wheat(0.40 mm h^(-1))> natural grassland(0.30 mm h(-1))> sea buckthorn(0.17 mm h(-1))> artificial grassland(0.14 mm h(-1))> Chinese pine(0.09 mm h(-1)). As for the efficiency of rainfall replenishment to soil water, natural grassland was the most efficient one(35.1%), followed by wheat(29.2%), sea buckthorn(16.8%), artificial grassland(11.5%), Chinese pine(4.2%). At last, it was found that wheat had the lowest threshold(6.8 mm) of rainfall replenishment to soil water, which was followed by natural grassland(10.5 mm), sea buckthorn(20.5 mm), artificial grassland(22.6 mm) and Chinese pine(26.4 mm). These results implied that soil water in natural grassland was sensitive to rainfall and easily to be replenished, while soil water in Chinese pine was harder to be replenished by rainfall compared to other vegetation types. | Lei YANG Handan ZHANG Liding CHEN | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，3： | 17 |
| 2 | The seasonal variations of δ^(18)O , Cl^- , Na^+ ,NO_3^- and Ca^(2+) in the snow and firn recovered from Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica显示文摘Snow and firn samples recovered from two snow pits (2.5 and 4.5m deep) and one 50-m firn core along the route of the 1996/1997 Chinese First Antarctic Inland Traverse Expedition in Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica, have been measured for chemical composition and oxygen isotope ratio. In the two snow pits, the variations of NO3- are partly in phase with that of δ18O, while the variations of Cl- and Na+ are in inverse phase with that of δ18O. | LI Zhongqin, ZHANG Mingjun, QIN Dahe, XIAO Cunde, TIAN Lide KANG Jiancheng and LI Jun Lanzhou Institute of Glaciology and Geocryology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000, China Chinese Institute of Polar Research, Shanghai 200129, China Antarctic CRC and Australian Antarctic Division , Hobart, Australia Corresponding author | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，24： | 17 |
| 3 | Major advances in studies of the physical geography and living environment of China during the past 70 years and future prospects显示文摘The natural environment provides material essentials for human survival and development. The characteristics,processes, regional differentiation and forcing mechanisms of the elements of the natural environment(e.g. geomorphology,climate, hydrology, soil, etc.) are the main objects of research in physical geography. China has a complex natural environment and huge regional differentiation and therefore it provides outstanding reserach opportunities in physical geography. This review summarizes the most important developments and the main contributions of research in the physical geography and human living environment in China during the past 70 years. The major topics addressed are the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the evolution of its cryosphere, the development of fluvial systems, the acidification of the vast arid region of the Asian interior, variations in the monsoon and westerly climate systems on multiple timescales, the development of lakes and wetlands, the watershed system model, soil erosion, past human-environment interactions, biogeography, and physical geographic zonality. After briefly introducing international research developments, we review the history of research in physical geography in China, focusing on the major achievements and major academic debates, and finally we summarize the status of current research and the future prospects. We propose that in the context of the national demand for the construction of an ecological civilization, we should make full use of the research findings of physical geography, and determine the patterns and mechanisms of natural environmental processes in order to continue to promote the continued contribution of physical geography to national development strategies, and to further contribute to the theory of physical geography from a global perspective. | Fahu CHEN Bojie FU Jun XIA Duo WU Shaohong WU Yili ZHANG Hang SUN Yu LIU Xiaomin FANG Boqiang QIN Xin LI Tingjun ZHANG Baoyuan LIU Zhibao DONG Shugui HOU Lide TIAN Baiqing XU Guanghui DONG Jingyun ZHENG Wei YANG Xin WANG Zaijun LI Fei Wang Zhenbo HU Jie WANG Jianbao LIU Jianhui CHEN Wei HUANG Juzhi HOU Qiufang CAI Hao LONG Ming JIANG Yaxian HU Xiaoming FENG Xingguo MO Xiaoyan YANG Dongju ZHANG Xiuhong WANG Yunhe YIN Xiaochen LIU | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，11： | 11 |
| 4 | Controlled Growth of One-Dimensional Oxide Nanomaterials显示文摘这篇文章在控制生长考察最近的开发 ofone 维(1D ) 氧化物 nanomaterials 包括 ZnO, SnO_2, In_2O_3, Ga_2O_3, SiO_x, MgO, andAl_2O_3。1D 氧化物 nanomaterials 的生长在简单化学蒸汽运输和冷凝作用系统被执行。这篇文章将以许多研究人员完成的纳米技术和 1Dnanomaterials 的调查开始,然后主要与他们改变试验性的参数控制的形态学,尺寸,作文,和微观结构在 1Doxide nanomaterials 的控制生长上讨论,例如在原始资料和底层的温度,在试管炉子,全部的反应时间,炉子的加热的率,煤气的流动率,和开始的材料的温度坡度。他们在各种各样的形态学的形成的角色被分析并且讨论。最后,这评论将在这个区域的未来研究方向上与个人观点被结束。 | Xiaosheng FANG Lide ZHANG | 2006 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2006，22，1： | 8 |
| 5 | Fractionation mechanism of stable isotope in evaporating water body显示文摘Under Rayleigh equilibrium condition, stable isotopic ratio in residual water increases with the decrease of the residual water proportion f exponentially, and the fractionation rate of stable isotopes is inversely proportional to temperature. However, under kinetic evaporation condition, the fractionation of stable isotopes is not only related to the phase temperature but also influenced by the atmospheric humidity and the mass exchange between liquid and vapor phases. The ratio δin residual water will not change with f after undergoing evaporation of a long time for great relative humidity. The rate that the evaporating water body reaches isotopic steady state is mainly dependent on the relative humidity in atmosphere. The analysis shows that the actual mean linear variety rates, about -30.0, of the δ18O in residual water versus the residual water proportion at Nagqu and Amdo stations are consistent with the simulated process under temperature of 20 oC and relative humidity of 50%. The distillation line simulated under Rayleigh equilibrium condition is analogous to the global meteoric water line (MWL) as the temperature is about 20 oC. Under non-equilibrium condition, the slope and constant values of distillation line are directly proportional to temperature and relative humidity. According to the basic data, the simulated distillation line is very consistent with the actual distillation line of Qinghai Lake. | ZHANG Xinping TIAN Lide LIU Jingmiao | 2005 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2005，15，3： | 7 |
| 6 | Effect of Agricultural Land Use Changes on Soil Nutrient Use Efficiency in an Agricultural Area,Beijing,China显示文摘Agricultural land use and management practices may affect soil properties,which play a critical role in sustaining crop production.Since the late 1970s,several new agricultural land use types had been introduced in the rural areas of China.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of these land use changes on the soil properties,nu-trient absorption rate,and nutrient use economic efficiency ratio in an agricultural area of Beijing.Specifically,the cropland,the orchard and the vegetable field were examined.Results of this study suggest that land use and farming management practices significantly affect the content of soil organic carbon (SOC),total nitrogen (TN),total phos-phorus (TP),and available phosphorus in the surface layer of 0-25 cm (p<0.05) in the Yanqing Basin,northwestern Beijing.Soil nutrients in each agricultural land use type decrease rapidly with the increasing soil depth.Orchard and vegetable field tend to have higher soil nutrients than the cropland does.However,the soil nutrient-absorption rate (NAR) of the orchard and vegetable field is lower than that of the cropland,even though orchard and vegetable field may provide much higher economic benefit.While increasing SOC,TN,and TP in the orchard and vegetable field by intensive farming may be a valuable option to improve soil quality,potential increase in the risk of nutrient loss,or agricultural non-point source pollution can be a tradeoff if the intensive practices are not managed appropriately. | CHEN Liding QI Xin ZHANG Xinyu LI Qi ZHANG Yanyan | 2011 | Chinese Geographical Science2011，21，4： | 5 |
| 7 | Synthesis, Microstructure and Optical Absorption of Coatings with Doping of Nano-TiO_2 for Protection Against UltravioletIrradiation显示文摘The synthesis of dispersions of MMA (methylmethacrylate) with different concentrations of oleic acid coated nano-TiO2 particles was performed by hydrolysis of TiCI4 in the mixture solutions of MMA, oleic acid and H2O with various concentrations. When MMA: oleic acid: H2O : TiCi4 =1.00: 0.064 : 0.01: 0.032 (by mol fraction), the dispersion of MMA with oleic acid coated nano-TiO2 particles was very stable. Optical absorption result showed that the absorption band was located in the ultraviolet range from 200 to 400 nm. This dispersion was added to a kind of automobile surface lustering agent (type II), and then this lustering agent with nano-TiO2 was coated on the surface of automobile surface paint. When the doping amount of the dispersion in the lustering agent=10 vol. pct, the state of paint (color and glossiness) did not present any change after irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp with the power of 1000 watt for two days. The sample with surface paint and lustering agent doped by 10 percent dispersion after suffering from irradiation of the sunlight for half a year (from May to November) kept the original state. However, for the samples with automobile paint and lustering agent without doping of nano- TiO2, the color and glossiness lost easily after irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp. These results prove that nano-TiO2 is a kind of high-efficient additive of paint for protection against ultraviolet irradiation. | Ye ZHANG and Lide ZHANG (Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China) Chimei MO, Yuanhong LI, Lianzeng YAO and Weili CAI (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China | 2000 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2000，16，3： | 5 |
| 8 | Analysis and assessment of heavy metal contamination in surface water and sediments: a case study from Luan River, Northern China显示文摘重金属 Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd,和 Cr 的集中从 Luan 河 inChina 在表面水和沉积里被检验,。与在 Cu 和 Ni 的衰落,集中在下游的车站在表面水里发现了。这发现建议水水流是在重金属污染的一个主要解释因素。在河的中间的活动范围观察的许多 Cr, Pb,和 Cd 在本地区域显示重金属污染,尽管 Daheiting 水库下游地在水里的集中有明显的减少。人为的活动贡献重金属污染沉积,这因此是的离开河更远的沉积也建议的在看见的 Cu , Pb ,和 Ni 的重要升起趋势用作环境指示物,与沉积,评价用geo累积索引被进行(我<潜水艇class=“ a-plus-plus ”> geo )和潜在的生态的风险索引( RI )。我 < 潜水艇 class= “ a-plus-plus ” > geo 价值揭示了那 Cd (3.13 ) , Cr (2.39 ) 在 Luan 河里显著地积累了。RI 珍视因为采样车站的大多数(89%) 比 300 高,建议来自 Luan 河的那沉积提出严重生态的风险,与在上面、中间的溪流的比那下游地高的潜在的生态的风险。在水里的 Pb/Ni 和在沉积的 Cr/Ni 之中的好关联被观察。簇分析建议 Cd 可以有各种各样的起源,从人为的来源被导出。 | Zhaoming WANG Ranhao SUN Haiping ZHANG Liding CHEN | 2015 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2015，9，2： | 5 |
| 9 | Effect of excitation intensity on fluorescence spectra in ZnO nanostructures and its origin显示文摘ZnO nanostructures with three kinds of morphologies, namely,tetrapod-,rod-,and sheet-like shape, are synthesized by chemical vapor deposition, conventional solution-phase,and hydrothermal methods, respectively.The fluorescence measurements display that the spectra of these nanostructures exhibit similar unexpected change laws with the altering excitation intensity. It is observed that when the excitation intensity increases, for the green emission band,the peak position shows a small blue-shift, the width turns broader,and the intensity grows first stronger and then weaker;for the UV emission band, the peak position exhibits a significant red-shift,and the width and intensity have the similar behaviors with those of the green band.Additionally,the relative intensity of green emission to UV emission decreases gradually.It is clarified that the origin of this abnormal phenomenon is ascribed to the local laser heating effect and the high sensitivity of nanostructures to this heating effect. | ZHANG YuGang ZHANG LiDe | 2009 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2009，52，1： | 5 |
| 10 | Preparation of InSb nanocrystals embedded in SiO_2 thin films显示文摘InSb nanocrystals embedded in SiO 2 thin films were prepared by rf magnetron cosputtering technique. THe observation by transmission electron microscope showed that InSb nanocrystals dispersed uniformly in SiO-2 matrices. InSb nanocrystals with different sizes can be obtained by changing the annealing condition. The average size of InSb nanocrystals depended on annealing temperature and time, but not on the t 1/3 rules. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were also applied to the analyses of the composite thin films. | ZHU Kaigui 1, SHI Jianzhong 1, WEI Yanfeng 2 and ZHANG Lide 1 1. Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei 230031, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China | 1998 | Chinese Science Bulletin1998，43，19： | 4 |
| 11 | One-Dimensional (1D) ZnS Nanomaterials and Nanostructures显示文摘One-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials and nanostructures have received much attention due to their potential interest for understanding fundamental physical concepts and for applications in constructing nanoscale electric and optoelectronic devices. Zinc sulfide (ZnS) is an important semiconductor compound of II-VI group, and the synthesis of 1D ZnS nanomaterials and nanostructures has been of growing interest owing to their promising application in nanoscale optoelectronic devices. This paper reviews the recent progress on 1D ZnS nanomaterials and nanostructures, including nanowires, nanowire arrays, nanorods, nanobelts or nanoribbons, nanocables, and hierarchical nanostructures etc. This article begins with a survey of various methods that have been developed for generating 1D nanomaterials and nanostructures, and then mainly focuses on structures, synthesis, characterization, formation mechanisms and optical property tuning, and luminescence mechanisms of 1D ZnS nanomaterials and nanostructures. Finally, this review concludes with personal views towards future research on 1D ZnS nanomaterials and nanostructures. | Xiaosheng FANG Lide ZHANG | 2006 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2006，22，6： | 3 |
| 12 | Amount and temperature effects responsible for precipitation isotope variation in the southern slope of Himalayas显示文摘Seasonal variation of stable isotopes in precipitation of Kathmandu Valley on the southern slope of Himalaya was carried out to understand the controlling mechanism of amount and temperature effect on the basis of one year stable isotope data from 2010 to 2011. Highly depleted isotope values in major rainy period are obtained just after the onset of precipitation in summer, which accounts for 'amount effect' due to saturation isotopic compositions in high moisture condition, whereas, the higher values in winter are indicative to regional vapors (temperature effect) recycling of various sources. An abrupt depletion of isotope values in mid-June, indicates the onset date of monsoon precipitation, by the replacement of winter air mass with southern monsoon. Thus, precipitation isotopes are a tool revealing the onset date of summer monsoon and temporal features of variability, in local and regional monsoons precipitations. A comparison of long term monthly values of δ 18 O, temperature, and precipitation with GNIP δ 18 O data shows the temporal variations of stable isotopes are mostly controlled by amount and temperature effects. During summer monsoon, the amount effects are stronger for high values of precipitation (R=0.7) and altitude effect appears for low moisture in late rainy season, thus from December to June (winter to pre-monsoon) the controlling features of isotopes remains under the temperature effect. A temporal rate of temperature effect is derived as 0.04‰ per year which indicates a dry signal of atmospheric condition and a temperature relation δ 18 O=(0.371±0.08)T+(0.156±0.05) is obtained from this analysis. The meteoric water lines of Kathmandu before and after monsoon onset of 2011, are found as δD=(4.36±0.3)δ 18 O+(15.66±1.2) and δD=(6.91±0.2)δ 18 O (7.92±2.26) from lab samples result, and δD=9.2δ 18 O+11.725 and δD=8.53δ 18 O+16.65 from GNIP data, which lacks the consistency both for slopes and intercepts values for the study period. The mean lapse rate values of δ 18 O and δD from GNIP data are obtained as 0.002‰/m and 0.015 ‰/m, which indicate the altitudinal effects in regional precipitation of the southern slope of Himalayas. This study estimates new stable isotopes data in recent precipitation using simple methodology which can be important for regional precipitation monitoring systems, environmental change and paleo-climatic studies. | Tek Bahadur Chhetri TanDong Yao LiDe Tian XinPing Zhang | 2013 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2013，5，2： | 3 |
| 13 | Deep-blue organic light-emitting diodes based on a doublet d-f transition cerium(Ⅲ) complex with 100% exciton utilization efficiency显示文摘Compared to red and green organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs),blue OLEDs are still the bottleneck due to the lack of efficient emitters with simultaneous high exciton utilization efficiency(EUE)and short excited-state lifetime.Different from the fluorescence,phosphorescence,thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF),and organic radical materials traditionally used in OLEDs,we demonstrate herein a new type of emitter,cerium(Ⅲ)complex Ce-1 with spin-allowed and parity-allowed d-f transition of the centre Ce^(3+) ion.The compound exhibits a high EUE up to 100% in OLEDs and a short excited-state lifetime of 42 ns,which is considerably faster than that achieved in efficient phosphorescence and TADF emitters.The optimized OLEDs show an average maximum external quantum efficiency(EQE)of 12.4% and Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage(CIE)coordinates of(0.146,0.078). | Liding Wang Zifeng Zhao Ge Zhan Huayi Fang Hannan Yang Tianyu Huang Yuewei Zhang Nan Jiang Lian Duan Zhiwei Liu Zuqiang Bian Zhenghong Lu Chunhui Huang | 2020 | Light(Science & Applications)2020，9，1： | 3 |
| 14 | Hydrological and climatological glaciers observation 20 years on Tanggula Pass of Tibetan Plateau: its significance and contribution显示文摘Two decades have passed since China and Japan jointly launched hydrological & climatological observations on the glaciers in Tanggula Pass, Tibetan Plateau. Although the research institutions involved have been either restructured or renamed, their work, between 1989 and 1993, was ground-breaking and remains significant even to this day. Some observation sites established at that time are still utilized for large-scaled projects sponsored by GAME/Tibet, NSFC (Natural Science Foundation of China) and the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program). Recently, a glacier monitoring system has been es- tablished on the cap of Dongkemadi Glacier, and is expected to make further contributions to research on the change of the cryospheric and climatic environment in the area. | TanDong Yao YinSheng Zhang JianChen Pu LiDe Tian Yutaka Ageta T. Ohata | 2011 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2011，3，3： | 3 |
| 15 | PHASE STRUCTURE OF W-DOPED NANO-TiO2 PRODUCED BY SOL-GEL METHOD显示文摘With Ti(OBu)4 as precursor, and HAc as complexing agent, pure and W-doped TiO2 gelatins were prepared by a sol-gel method. During the process of gel formation, metal ions were dispersed in the porous TiO2 matrix.Then, powders of nano-TiO2 and W-doped nano-TiO2 were prepared by drying, grinding and heat treatment at different temperatures. The grain size and structure of the samples, pure TiO2 and W-doped, and treated at different temperatures,were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Beckman Coulter Sorption Analysis and TEM.Results showed that, with increasing temperature, the TiO2 transformed from anatase to rutile and the grain size increased. This transformation and grain growth of TiO2 could be retarded by doping with W. | Yucheng Wu Xiaoye Hu Ting Xie Guanghai Li Lide Zhang | 2005 | China Particuology2005，3，4： | 3 |
| 16 | Protein and RNA expression of acid-sensing ion channels 2 and 3 in myocardial ischemia rats induced by isoproterenol显示文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the impact of electro-acupuncture at the Neiguan(PC 6) acupoint on protein and RNA expression of acid-sensing ion channel 2(ASIC2) and ASIC3 in myocardial ischemia rats.METHODS:Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were used,weighing(230 ± 50) g.The rats were randomized into a normal group A,model group B,Neiguan(PC 6) group C,Lieque(LU 7) group D,and A-shi points group E.There were 10 rats in each group.Rats were continuously administered 85 mg/kg intravenous isoproterenol daily to establish the model.Successfully modeled rats in groups C,D,and E were given electro-acupuncture treatment.Each group of rats was sacrificed with chloral hydrate(1 mL/100 g) intraperitoneal injection.The left ventricular myocardium was extracted and placed at- 70 ℃ until use.Western blot analysis and real-time PCR were performed to assay protein and RNA expressions of ASIC2 and ASIC3,respectively.Fold changes in RNA expression were quantified with the 2~^(-△△Ct) method.Blood samples were drawn from the aorta abdominalis and tested for creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS:Myocardial ischemia rats given electro-acupuncture at the Neiguan(PC 6) acupoint had significantly lower protein and RNA expression of ASIC2 and ASIC3,and CK-MB and LDH levels,compared with model rats(P < 0.01).CONCLUSION:Electro-acupuncture at the Neiguan(PC 6) acupoint can not only decrease the protein and RNA expression of ASIC2 and ASIC3,but also inhibit the opening of ASICs and reduce the cardiomyocyte damage in myocardial ischemia rats. | Wang Shudong Zhang Lide Dong Baoqiang Zhang Wenshun Ho Chin Ee Guo Na Chen Yiguo | 2015 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2015，35，2： | 2 |
| 17 | Luminescence of nanometer-sized amorphous silicon nitride solids 显示文摘 | Chi-mei Mo Lide Zhang Lunyi Xie | 1993 | J Appl Phys1993，73，： | 1 |
| 18 | Characteristics of dielectric behavior in nanostructured materials显示文摘 | Mo Chi-mei Zhang Lide Wang Guozhong | 1995 | NanoStructured Material1995，6，： | 1 |
| 19 | The influence of orientation on the photoluminescence behavior of ZnO thin films obtained by chemical solution deposition显示文摘 | WANG Ming ZHANG Lide | 2009 | Mater Lett2009，63，： | 1 |
| 20 | Anomalous Dielec trie Behavior in Nanome ter-Sized Amorphous Silicon Nitride显示文摘An anomalous dielectric behavior in nanometer-sized amocthous silicon nitride is reported. The dielectric constant of nanometer-sized ajnorph. silicon nitride has strong dependence on frequency at room temperature (RT),which is completely different from the conventional coarse-grain silicon nitride. The maximum of the dielectric constant of nanometer-sized amorphous silicon nitride at KT is about 40 times larger than that of the conventional silicon nitride. The anomalous dielectric behavior is explained by a kind of mech&nism of pola.rizationt that is, interfacial polarization. | WANG Tao ZHANG Lide MOU Jimei | 1993 | Chinese Physics Letters1993，10，11： | 1 |
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