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| 1 | Non-invasive means of measuring hepatic fat content显示文摘Hepatic steatosis affects 20% to 30% of the general adult population in the western world. Currently, the technique of choice for determining hepatic fat deposition and the stage of fibrosis is liver biopsy. However, it is an invasive procedure and its use is limited, particularly in children. It may also be subject to sampling error. Non-invasive techniques such as ultrasound, computerised tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) can detect hepatic steatosis, but currently cannot distinguish between simple steatosis and steatohepatitis, or stage the degree of fibrosis accurately. Ultrasound is widely used to detect hepatic steatosis, but its sensitivity is reduced in the morbidly obese and also in those with small amounts of fatty infiltration. It has been used to grade hepatic fat content, but this is subjective. CT can detect hepatic steatosis, but exposes subjects to ionising radiation, thus limiting its use in longitudinal studies and in children. Recently, magnetic resonance (MR) techniques using chemical shift imaging have provided a quantitative assessment of the degree of hepatic fatty infiltration, which correlates well with liver biopsy results in the same patients. Similarly, in vivo 1H MRS is a fast, safe, non-invasive method forthe quantification of intrahepatocellular lipid (IHCL) levels. Both techniques will be useful tools in future longitudinal clinical studies, either in examining the natural history of conditions causing hepatic steatosis (e.g. non-alcoholic fatty liver disease), or in testing new treatments for these conditions. | Sanjeev R Mehta E Louise Thomas Jimmy D Bell Desmond G Johnston Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，22： | 21 |
| 2 | Effect of nutritional counselling on hepatic,muscle and adipose tissue fat content and distribution in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘AIM: To assess the effectiveness of the current UK clinical practice in reducing hepatic fat (IHCL). METHODS: Whole body MRI and 1H MRS were obtained, before and after 6 mo nutritional counselling, from liver, soleus and tibialis muscles in 10 subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). RESULTS: A 500 Kcal-restricted diet resulted in an average weight loss of 4% (-3.4 kg,) accompanied by significant reductions in most adipose tissue (AT) depots, including subcutaneous (-9.9%), abdominal subcutaneous (-10.2%) and intra-abdominal-AT (-11.4%). Intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) were significantly reduced in the tibialis muscle (-28.2%). Decreases in both IHCL (-39.9%) and soleus IMCL (-12.2%) content were also observed, although these were not significant. Several individuals showed dramatic decreases in IHCL, while others paradoxically showed increases in IHCL content. Changes in body composition were accompanied by improvements in certain liver function tests: serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Significant correlations were found between decreases in IHCL and reductions in both intra-abdominal and abdominal subcutaneous AT. Improvements in liver function tests were associated with reductions in intra-abdominal AT, but not with changes in IHCL. CONCLUSION: This study shows that even a very modest reduction in body weight achieved through lifestyle modification can result in changes in body fat depots and improvements in LFTs. | E Louise Thomas Audrey E Brynes Gavin Hamilton Nayna Patel Adam Spong Robert D Goldin Gary Frost Jimmy D Bell Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，36： | 13 |
| 3 | Quality Improvement Guidelines for the Treatment of Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis with Use of Endovascular Thrombus Removal显示文摘 | Suresh Vedantham Patricia E. Thorpe John F. Cardella Clement J. Grassi Nilesh H. Patel Hector Ferral Lawrence V. Hofmann Bertrand M. Janne d’Othée Vittorio P. Antonaci Elias N. Brountzos Daniel B. Brown Louis G. Martin Alan H. Matsumoto Steven G. Meranze | 2006 | Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology2006，，3： | 3 |
| 4 | Myosin binding protein C:Structural abnormalities in familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy显示文摘The muscle protein myosin binding protein C (MyBPC) is a large multi-domain protein whose role in the sarcomere is complex and not yet fully understood. Mutations in MyBPC are strongly associated with the heart disease familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) and these experiments of nature have provided some insight into the intricate workings of this protein in the heart. While some regions of the MyBPC molecule have been assigned a function in the regulation of muscle contraction, the interaction of other regions with various parts of the myosin molecule and the sarcomeric proteins, actin and titin, remain obscure. In additic n, several intra-domain interactions between adjacent MyBPC molecules have been identified. Although the basic structure of the molecule (a series of immunoglobulin and fibronectin domains) has been elucidated, the assembly of MyBPC in the sarcomere is a topic for debate. By analysing the MyBPC sequence with respect to FHC-causing mutations it is possible to identify individual residues or regions of each domain that may be important either for binding or regulation. This review looks at the current literature, in concert with alignments and the structural models of MyBPC, in an attempt to understand how FHC mutations may lead to the disease state. | Cecily E OAKLEY Brett D HAMBLY Paul MG CURMI Louise J BROWN | 2004 | Cell Research2004，14，2： | 2 |
| 5 | Evidence That the Diabetes Gene Encodes the Leptin Receptor: Identification of a Mutation in the Leptin Receptor Gene in db / db Mice显示文摘 | Hong Chen Olga Charlat Louis A Tartaglia Elizabeth A Woolf Xun Weng Stephen J Ellis Nathan D Lakey Janice Culpepper Karen J More Roger E Breitbart Geoffrey M Duyk Robert I Tepper Jay P Morgenstern | 1996 | Cell1996，，3： | 2 |
| 6 | Tumor necrosis factor gene polymorphism influences TNF alpha produc-tion in LPS-stimulated whole blood cell culture in healthy humans显示文摘 | Louis E Franchimont D Piron A | | 0，，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Quality Improvement Guidelines for the Treatment of Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis with Use of Endovascular Thrombus Removal显示文摘 | Suresh Vedantham Patricia E. Thorpe John F. Cardella Clement J. Grassi Nilesh H. Patel Hector Ferral Lawrence V. Hofmann Bertrand M. Janne d’Othée Vittorio P. Antonaci Elias N. Brountzos Daniel B. Brown Louis G. Martin Alan H. Matsumoto Steven G. Meranze | 2009 | Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology2009，，7： | 1 |
| 8 | Snowdrop lectin(GNA)has no acute toxic effects on a beneficial insect predator, the 2 - spot ladybird(Adalia bipunctatal)显示文摘 | Rachel E D Louise F Stephen D | 2000 | J Insect Physiol2000，16，： | 1 |
| 9 | Nurse mento- ring study demonstrates a magnetic work environment: predictors of mentoring benefits among pediatric nurses显示文摘 | Louise D J Aris B E Carrie L G | 2011 | J Pediatr Nurs2011，26，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Biodiversity and ecosystem services science for a sustainable planet: the DIVERSITAS vision for 2012–20显示文摘 | Anne Larigauderie Anne-Hélène Prieur-Richard Georgina M Mace Mark Lonsdale Harold A Mooney Lijbert Brussaard David Cooper Wolfgang Cramer Peter Daszak Sandra Díaz Anantha Duraiappah Thomas Elmqvist Daniel P Faith Louise E Jackson Cornelia Krug Paul W Lead | 2012 | Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability2012，，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Quantitative brain measurements in community-dwelling elderly persons with mild parkinsonian signs显示文摘 | Louis E D Brickman A M DeCarli C | | 0，，12： | 1 |
| 12 | 查看详情显示文摘 | Weiher N Bus E Delannoy L Louis C Ramaker D E Miller J T van Bokhoven J A | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Metabolic abnormality in the cerebellum in patients with essential tremor:a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging study显示文摘 | LOUISE E D SHUNGU D C CHAN S | 2002 | Neuroscience Letters2002，333，： | 1 |
| 14 | Entrepreneurs in academe:an exploration of behaviors among life scientists显示文摘 | LOUIS K S BLUMENTHAL D GLUCK M E | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 15 | AGREE II: advancing guideline development, reporting and evaluation in health care显示文摘 | Brouwers Melissa C Kho Michelle E Browman George P Burgers Jako S Cluzeau Francoise Feder Gene Fervers Béatrice Graham Ian D Grimshaw Jeremy Hanna Steven E Littlejohns Peter Makarski Julie Zitzelsberger Louise | 2010 | Canadian Medical Association. Journal2010，，18： | 1 |
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