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| 1 | Cadmium transport mediated by soil colloid and dissolved organic matter:A field study显示文摘This study investigated the potential role of soil colloids and dissolved organic matter (DOM) in transporting Cd through in situ undisturbed paddy soil monoliths. Brilliant Blue was used as a tracer to assess the effect of preferential flow on Cd down migration. Experimental results showed that deep penetration of Cd and Brilliant Blue into the soil profile took place due to the preferential flow through macropores, mainly earthworm channels, with much of chemicals thus bypassing the soil matrix. Dye tracer and Cd distribution within the soil matrix was fairly restricted to several centimeters. Colloid restrained the migration of both dye and Cd in the matrix and preferential flow area. DOM facilitated the transport of Cd and Brilliant Blue in matrix and macropores by about 10 cm over that of the control. Pearson's is correlation analysis revealed strong associations between Brilliant Blue concentrations, exchangeable Cd and total Cd concentrations in three studied plots indicating that they had taken the same preferential flow pathway. | Zhaoli Li, Lixiang Zhou College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，1： | 24 |
| 2 | Gut microbes in cardiovascular diseases and their potential therapeutic applications显示文摘Microbial ecosystem comprises a complex community in which bacteria interact with each other. The potential roles of the intestinal microbiome play in human health have gained considerable attention. The imbalance of gut microbial community has been looked to multiple chronic diseases. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are leading causes of morbidity worldwide and are influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Recent advances have provided scientific evidence that CVD may also be attributed to gut microbiome. In this review, we highlight the complex interplay between microbes, their metabolites, and the potential influence on the generation and development of CVDs. The therapeutic potential of using intestinal microbiomes to treat CVD is also discussed. It is quite possible that gut microbes may be used for clinical treatments of CVD in the near future. | Ling Jin Xiaoming Shi Jing Yang Yangyu Zhao Lixiang Xue Li Xu Jun Cai | 2021 | Protein & Cell2021，12，5： | 14 |
| 3 | Occurrence of Neoproterozoic low-grade metagranite in the western Beihuaiyang zone,the Dabie orogen显示文摘Based on detailed field investigations and petrographic observations,we discovered Neoproterozoic-emplaced granite from the metavolcanics of the Dingyuan Formation in the western Beihuaiyang zone,the Dabie orogen. This study reports the results of zircon U-Pb dating and preliminary petrographic observations on two metagranite samples. The studied rocks experienced epidote-amphibolite facies metamorphism and strong structural deformation. Their U-Pb ages are 726 ± 6 and 758 ± 12 Ma,respectively,similar to those for the Luzhenguan complex in the eastern segment of the Beihuaiyang zone. In combination with previously determined 635 ± 5 Ma low-grade metagabbro,this study suggests the occurrence of at least two types of Neoproterozoic intrusive rocks in the Beihuaiyang zone,the northern margin of the South China Block (SCB):726-758 Ma metagranite and 635 Ma metagabbro. These rocks occur within the metamorphosed Ordovician volcanic zone (originally named the Dingyuan Formation) and are in tectonic contact to each other,but they formed in different tectonic settings. The protolith ages for the Neoproterozoic low-grade metaigneous rocks are in good agreement not only with ages for two episodes of mid-and late-Neoproterozoic mafic and felsic magmatism in the Suizhou and Zaoyang area,Hubei Province,but also agree with protolith ages of ultrahigh-pressure metaigneous rocks in the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt. In view of their tectonic relationships to country rocks,it appears that these Neoproterozoic low-grade rocks are exotic and they may have been detached and scraped from subducting SCB crust in the early Triassic during the initial continental subduction,and thrusted over Paleozoic metamorphosed rocks in the southern margin of the North China Block during continental collision. | LIU YiCan LIU LiXiang GU XiaoFeng LI ShuGuang SONG Biao | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，30： | 10 |
| 4 | A GmNINa-miR172c-NNC1 Regulatory Network Coordinates the Nodulation and Autoregulation of Nodulation Pathways in Soybean显示文摘Symbiotic root nodules are root lateral organs of plants in which nitrogen-fixing bacteria(rhizobia)convert atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia.The formation and number of nodules in legumes are precisely controlled by a rhizobia-induced signal cascade and host-controlled autoregulation of nodulation(AON).However,how these pathways are integrated and their underlying mechanisms are unclear.Here,we report that microRNA172c(miR172c)activates soybean(Glycine max)R hizobia-induced CLE1(GmRICI)and GmRIC2 by removing the transcriptional repression of these genes by Nodule Number Control 1(NNC1),leading to the activation of the AON pathway.NNC1 interacts with GmNINa,the soybean ortholog of Lotus NODULE INCEPTION(NIN),and hampers its transcriptional activation o i G m RICI and GmRIC2.Importantly,GmNINa acts as a transcriptional activator of miR172c.Intriguingly,NNC1 can transcriptionally repress miR172c expression,adding a negative feedback loop into the NNC1 regulatory network.Moreover,GmNINa interacts with NNC1 and can relieve the NNC1-mediated repression of miR172c transcription.Thus,the GmNINa-miR172c-NNC1 network is a master switch that coordinately regulates and optimizes NF and AON signaling,supporting the balance between nodulation and AON in soybean. | Lixiang Wang Zhengxi Sun Chao Su Yongliang Wang Qiqi Yan Jiahuan Chen Thomas Ott Xia Li | 2019 | Molecular Plant2019，12，9： | 7 |
| 5 | Novel way to research nonlinear feedback shift register显示文摘In this paper,we regard the nonlinear feedback shift register(NLFSR)as a special Boolean network,and use semi-tensor product of matrices and matrix expression of logic to convert the dynamic equations of NLFSR into an equivalent algebraic equation.Based on them,we propose some novel and generalized techniques to study NLFSR.First,a general method is presented to solve an open problem of how to obtain the properties(the number of fixed points and the cycles with different lengths)of the state sequences produced by a given NLFSR,i.e.,the analysis of a given NLFSR.We then show how to construct all 22n-(l-n)/22n-lshortest n-stage feedback shift registers(nFSR)and at least 22n-(l-n)-1/22n-l-1shortest n-stage nonlinear feedback shift registers(nNLFSR)which can output a given nonperiodic/periodic sequence with length l.Besides,we propose two novel cycles joining algorithms for the construction of full-length nNLFSR.Finally,two algorithms are presented to construct 22n-2-1different full-length nNLFSRs,respectively. | ZHAO DaWei PENG HaiPeng LI LiXiang HUI SiLi YANG YiXian | 2014 | Science China(Information Sciences)2014，57，9： | 7 |
| 6 | Adipocyte-derived SFRP5 inhibits breast cancer cells migration and invasion through Wnt and epithelial-mesenchymal transition signaling pathways显示文摘Objective:Obesity is closely associated with metastasis in breast cancer patients.Secreted frizzled-related protein 5(SFRP5),one of the novel adipokines with anti-inflammatory properties,is associated with obesity.This study aims to study the role of SFRP5 in the crosstalk between obesity and breast cancer metastasis and identify the underlying mechanism.Methods:3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were differentiated to mature adipocytes and a hypertrophic adipocyte model was induced with palmitic acid(PA).Cell motility was measured in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells co-cultured with adipocytes conditioned medium(CM)with or without SFRP5 protein.Wnt and epithelialmesenchymal transition(EMT)signal pathways were investigated by western blot.Circulating SFRP5 level in 218 breast cancer patients and the association with clinicopathologic characteristics of breast cancer were further determined.Online databases ENCORI and PREDICT Plus were used to exam the link between SFRP5 and prognosis.Results:Reduced SFRP5 level was detected in the hypertrophic adipocyte model.Recombinant SFRP5 protein inhibited MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells invasion and migration induced by PA-treated adipocyte CM,and SFRP5 inhibition by specific antibody reversed the effect of SFRP5.Furthermore,SFRP5 significantly inhibited Wnt and downstream EMT in breast cancer cells.Low circulating SFRP5 level correlated with body mass index(BMI),lymph node(LN)metastasis,TNM stage and high Ki67 expression in breast cancer patients.Increased SFRP5 level was associated with favorable predicted survival.Kaplan-Meier curves showed high SFRP5 level in tumor tissue was associated with better outcome of breast cancer patients.Conclusions:Our findings demonstrated SFRP5 is a vital adipokine that mediates the crosslink between obesity and the metastatic potential of breast cancer.Promotion of SFRP5 expression in the adipose microenvironment may represent a novel approach for preventing breast cancer metastasis. | Wenzhong Zhou Chunmiao Ye Liang Li Liyuan Liu Fei Wang Lixiang Yu Fei Zhou Yujuan Xiang Yongjiu Wang Gengshen Yin Zhongbing Ma Qinye Fu Qiang Zhang Dezong Gao Shuya Huang Zhigang Yu | 2020 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2020，32，3： | 5 |
| 7 | Base editing-mediated splicing correction therapy for spinal muscular atrophy显示文摘Dear Editor,Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a devastating autosomal recessive motor neuron disease.1,2 Infants with more severe forms of type I SMA die before the age of 2 if no intervention is provided.1,2 Spinraza and zolgensma have been approved by the FDA as SMA therapeutics for pediatric patients.1,2 However,as an antisense oligonucleotide(ASO)based therapy,spinraza requires four loading doses,followed by three annual maintenance doses.The patients would be subjected to repeated intrathecal injections in the procedure.Zolgensma is a single-dose gene-replacement therapy for SMA,but unfortunately is unreliable in maintaining a high,stable level of gene expression.These issues have limited the therapeutic effects of the two approved drugs for SMA. | Xiang Lin Haizhu Chen Ying-Qian Lu Shunyan Hong Xinde Hu Yanxia Gao Lu-Lu Lai Jin-Jing Li Zishuai Wang Wenqin Ying Lixiang Ma Ning Wang Erwei Zuo Hui Yang Wan-Jin Chen | 2020 | Cell Research2020，30，6： | 5 |
| 8 | The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor TabHLH1 increases chlorogenic acid and luteolin biosynthesis in Taraxacum antungense Kitag显示文摘Polyphenols are the main active components of the anti-inflammatory compounds in dandelion,and chlorogenic acid(CGA)is one of the primary polyphenols.However,the molecular mechanism underlying the transcriptional regulation of CGA biosynthesis remains unclear.Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA:quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase(HQT2)is the last rate-limiting enzyme in chlorogenic acid biosynthesis in Taraxacum antungense.Therefore,using the TaHQT2 gene promoter as a probe,a yeast one-hybrid library was performed,and a basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)transcription factor,TabHLH1,was identified that shared substantial homology with Gynura bicolor DC bHLH1.The TabHLH1 transcript was highly induced by salt stress,and the TabHLH1 protein was localized in the nucleus.CGA and luteolin concentrations in TabHLH1-overexpression transgenic lines were significantly higher than those in the wild type,while CGA and luteolin concentrations in TabHLH1-RNA interference(RNAi)transgenic lines were significantly lower.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that overexpression and RNAi of TabHLH1 in T.antungense significantly affected CGA and luteolin concentrations by upregulating or downregulating CGA and luteolin biosynthesis pathway genes,especially TaHQT2,4-coumarate-CoA ligase(Ta4CL),chalcone isomerase(TaCHI),and flavonoid-3′-hydroxylase(TaF3′H).Dual-luciferase,yeast one-hybrid,and electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that TabHLH1 directly bound to the bHLH-binding motifs of proTaHQT2 and proTa4CL.This study suggests that TabHLH1 participates in the regulatory network of CGA and luteolin biosynthesis in T.antungense and might be useful for metabolic engineering to promote plant polyphenol biosynthesis. | Qun Liu Li Li Haitao Cheng Lixiang Yao Jie Wu Hui Huang Wei Ning Guoyin Kai | 2021 | Horticulture Research2021，8，1： | 4 |
| 9 | Optical vortex copier and regenerator in the Fourier domain显示文摘The generation and manipulation of optical vortices are of fundamental importance in a variety of promising applications. Here, we develop a nonlinear optical paradigm to implement self-and cross-convolution of optical vortex arrays, demonstrating the features of a vortex copier and regenerator. We use a phase-only spatial light modulator to prepare the 1064 nm invisible fundamental light to carry special optical vortex arrays and use a potassium titanyl phosphate crystal to perform type Ⅱ second-harmonic generation in the Fourier domain to achieve 532 nm visible structured vortices. Based on pure cross-convolution, we succeed in copying arbitrary-order single vortices as well as their superposition states onto a prearranged array of fundamental Gaussian spots. Also, based on the simultaneous effect of self-and cross-convolutions, we can expand the initial vortex lattices to regenerate more vortices carrying various higher topological charges. Our presented method of realizing an optical vortex copier and regenerator could find direct applications in optical manipulation, optical imaging, optical communication, and quantum information processing with structured vortex arrays. | XIAODONG QIU FANGSHU LI HAIGANG LIU XIANFENG CHEN LIXIANG CHEN | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，6： | 4 |
| 10 | Tau Accumulation via Reduced Autophagy Mediates GGGGCC Repeat Expansion-Induced Neurodegeneration in Drosophila Model of ALS显示文摘Expansions of trinucleotide or hexanucleotide repeats lead to several neurodegenerative disorders,including Huntington disease[caused by expanded CAG repeats(CAGr)in the HTT gene],and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis[ALS,possibly caused by expanded GGGGCC repeats(G4C2r)in the C9ORF72 gene],of which the molecular mechanisms remain unclear.Here,we demonstrated that lowering the Drosophila homologue of tau protein(dtau)significantly rescued in vivo neurodegeneration,motor performance impairments,and the shortened life-span in Drosophila expressing expanded CAGr or expanded G4C2r.Expression of human tau(htau4 R)restored the disease-related phenotypes that had been mitigated by the loss of dtau,suggesting an evolutionarily-conserved role of tau in neurodegeneration.We further revealed that G4C2r expression increased tau accumulation by inhibiting autophagosome-lysosome fusion,possibly due to lowering the level of BAG3,a regulator of autophagy and tau.Taken together,our results reveal a novel mechanism by which expanded G4C2r causes neurodegeneration via an evolutionarily-conserved mechanism.Our findings provide novel autophagy-related mechanistic insights into C9ORF72-ALS and possible entry points to disease treatment. | Xue Wen Ping An Hexuan Li Zijian Zhou Yimin Sun Jian Wang Lixiang Ma Boxun Lu | 2020 | Neuroscience Bulletin2020，36，12： | 4 |
| 11 | Establishment of novel rat models for premalignant breast disease显示文摘 | Wang Feng Ma Zhongbing Wang Fei Fu Qinye Fang Yunzhi Zhang Qiang Gao Dezong Li Yuyang Li Liang Yu Lixiang Yu Zhigang | 2014 | Chinese Medical Journal2014，，11： | 4 |
| 12 | Accurate machine learning models based on small dataset of energetic materials through spatial matrix featurization methods显示文摘A large database is desired for machine learning(ML) technology to make accurate predictions of materials physicochemical properties based on their molecular structure.When a large database is not available,the development of proper featurization method based on physicochemical nature of target proprieties can improve the predictive power of ML models with a smaller database.In this work,we show that two new featurization methods,volume occupation spatial matrix and heat contribution spatial matrix,can improve the accuracy in predicting energetic materials' crystal density(ρ_(crystal)) and solid phase enthalpy of formation(H_(f,solid)) using a database containing 451 energetic molecules.Their mean absolute errors are reduced from 0.048 g/cm~3 and 24.67 kcal/mol to 0.035 g/cm~3 and 9.66 kcal/mol,respectively.By leave-one-out-cross-validation,the newly developed ML models can be used to determine the performance of most kinds of energetic materials except cubanes.Our ML models are applied to predict ρ_(crystal) and H_(f,solid) of CHON-based molecules of the 150 million sized PubChem database,and screened out 56 candidates with competitive detonation performance and reasonable chemical structures.With further improvement in future,spatial matrices have the potential of becoming multifunctional ML simulation tools that could provide even better predictions in wider fields of materials science. | Chao Chen Danyang Liu Siyan Deng Lixiang Zhong Serene Hay Yee Chan Shuzhou Li Huey Hoon Hng | 2021 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2021，30，12： | 4 |
| 13 | Adsorption of methyl orange from aqueous solution by composite magnetic microspheres of chitosan and quaternary ammonium chitosan derivative显示文摘Novel composite magnetic microspheres containing chitosan and quaternary ammonium chitosan derivative(CHMMs) were prepared by inverse suspension method,and used for the methyl orange(MO) removal from aqueous solutions.The CHMMs were characterized by a scanning electron microscope,a transmission electron microscope,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,respectively.Compared with the chitosan beads,the incorporation of quaternary ammonium chitosan derivative significantly reduced the particle size.The MO adsorption by CHMMs was investigated by batch adsorption experiments.The adsorption kinetics was conformed to the pseudo second-order kinetics equation.The adsorption isotherm followed the Langmuir model better than the Freundlich model and the calculated maximum MO adsorption capacity was 266.6 mg·g^-1 at 293 K.Thermodynamic studies indicated that the MO adsorption was endothermic in nature with the enthalpy change(△H°) of 99.44 kJ·mol^-1.The CHMMs had a stable performance for MO adsorption in the pH range of 4-10,but high ionic strength deteriorated the MO removal due to the shielding of the ion exchange interaction.A 1 mol·L^-1 NaCl solution could be used to regenerate the exhausted CHMMs.The proposed CHMMs can be used as an effective adsorbent for dye removal or recovery from the dye wastewater. | Bin Zhao Xiaojing Sun Liang Wang Lixiang Zhao Zhaohui Zhang Junjing Li | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2019，27，8： | 3 |
| 14 | New Benchmark for Household Garbage Image Recognition显示文摘Household garbage images are usually faced with complex backgrounds,variable illuminations,diverse angles,and changeable shapes,which bring a great difficulty in garbage image classification.Due to the ability to discover problem-specific features,deep learning and especially convolutional neural networks(CNNs) have been successfully and widely used for image representation learning.However,available and stable household garbage datasets are insufficient,which seriously limits the development of research and application.Besides,the state-of-the-art in the field of garbage image classification is not entirely clear.To solve this problem,in this study,we built a new open benchmark dataset for household garbage image classification by simulating different lightings,backgrounds,angles,and shapes.This dataset is named 30 classes of household garbage images(HGI-30),which contains 18 000 images of 30 household garbage classes.The publicly available HGI-30 dataset allows researchers to develop accurate and robust methods for household garbage recognition.We also conducted experiments and performance analyses of the state-of-the-art deep CNN methods on HGI-30,which serves as baseline results on this benchmark. | Zhize Wu Huanyi Li Xiaofeng Wang Zijun Wu Le Zou Lixiang Xu Ming Tan | 2022 | Tsinghua Science and Technology2022，27，5： | 3 |
| 15 | Discovery of Late Carboniferous strata and their tectonic significance in the southern margin of the North China Block(Huoqiu and Gushi areas)显示文摘Late Carboniferous fossils(such as Boultonia? sp., Tabulata, and spiriferoid specimens with smooth shells), bioclastic material(such as crinoid stems and sponge fragments), and Late Ordovician microfossils of the conodont Belodina have been discovered in the lower part of the strata typically referred to as the Neoproterozoic on the boundary of the provinces of Anhui and Henan in the southern margin of the North China Block. These findings prove that the strata contain macrofossils belonging to the Late Carboniferous, which belonged to a carbonate debris flow deposit that was formed under a carbonate slope environment. The conodont fossils might belong to a detrital deposit. Thus, it is possible to reset the stratigraphic sequences and tectonic attributes belonging to the North Huaiyang tectonic belt and limit the Shouxian fault to the boundary between the Dabie Orogen and North China Block. | Shuangying Li Zaifei Ji Song Wang Cheng Cheng Lixiang Guo Dongdong Yang Hao Niu | 2014 | Chinese Science Bulletin2014，59，7： | 3 |
| 16 | Single-cell transcriptomic landscape of human blood cells显示文摘High throughput single-cell RNA-seq has been successfully implemented to dissect the cellular and molecular features underlying hematopoiesis.However,an elaborate and comprehensive transcriptome reference of the whole blood system is lacking.Here,we profiled the transcriptomes of 7551 human blood cells representing 32 immunophenotypic cell types,including hematopoietic stem cells,progenitors and mature blood cells derived from 21 healthy donors.With high sequencing depth and coverage,we constructed a single-cell transcriptional atlas of blood cells(ABC) on the basis of both protein-coding genes and long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs),and showed a high consistence between them.Notably,putative lncRNAs and transcription factors regulating hematopoietic cell differentiation were identified.While common transcription factor regulatory networks were activated in neutrophils and monocytes,lymphoid cells dramatically changed their regulatory networks during differentiation.Furthermore,we showed a subset of nucleated erythrocytes actively expressing immune signals,suggesting the existence of erythroid precursors with immune functions.Finally,a web portal offering transcriptome browsing and blood cell type prediction has been established.Thus,our work provides a transcriptional map of human blood cells at single-cell resolution,thereby offering a comprehensive reference for the exploration of physiological and pathological hematopoiesis. | Xiaowei Xie Mengyao Liu Yawen Zhang Bingrui Wang Caiying Zhu Chenchen Wang Qing Li Yingying Huo Jiaojiao Guo Changlu Xu Linping Hu Aiming Pang Shihui Ma Una Wang Wenbin Cao Shulian Chen Qiuling Li Sudong Zhang Xueying Zhao Wen Zhou Hongbo Luo Guoguang Zheng Erlie Jiang Sizhou Feng Lixiang Chen Lihong Shi Hui Cheng Sha Hao Ping Zhu Tao Cheng | 2021 | National Science Review2021，8，3： | 3 |
| 17 | MIT1, encoding a 15-cis-ζ-carotene isomerase, regulates tiller number and stature in rice显示文摘Lateral branching is an important determinant of shoot architecture and crop yield. The plant hormone strigolactone (SL) inhibits lateral bud outgrowth in various plant species. Deficiencies in SL biosynthesis and signal transduction result in excessive outgrowth of lateral buds (Stirnberg et al., 2002;Sorefan et al., 2003). | Lihua Liu Mengmeng Ren Peng Peng Yan Chun Lu Li Jinfeng Zhao Jingjing Fang Lixiang Peng Jijun Yan Jinfang Chu Yiqin Wang Shoujiang Yuan Xueyong Li | 2021 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2021，48，1： | 3 |
| 18 | Polyfluorenes containing pyrazine units:Synthesis,photophysics and electroluminescence显示文摘A series of conjugated copolymers of 9,9-dioctylfluorene and symmetrical pyrazine unit (BY) were synthesized by Suzuki copolymerization and were used as novel light-emitting materials in PLEDs.Efficient energy transfer was observed in both thin film and solution.Compared with the lowest occupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of the polyfluorenes homopolymer (PFO),the lower LUMO energy levels of copolymers indicated that the introduction of the BY unit would be benefit to electron injection.The turn-on voltages of their single-layer electroluminescent (EL) devices (ITO/PEDOT/polymer/LiF/Al) were at 6.1-4.0 V,which were much lower than that of PFO (7.0 V).The maximum brightness,current efficiency,and external quantum efficiency of all PFBY copolymers were higher than those of the PFO homopolymer.The single-layer device of PFBY5 was the best one in the copolymers,with a maximum brightness of 485 cd/m2,a current efficiency of 0.29 cd/A,and an external quantum efficiency of 0.10%.The introduction of PVK and TPBI for the multilayer device of PFBY5 increased the device efficiencies,which showed a maximum brightness of 3012 cd/m2,a maximum current efficiency of 1.81 cd/A,and an external quantum efficiency of 0.66%. | WANG Ming,LI Ying,XIE ZhiYuan & WANG LiXiang State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130022,China | 2011 | Science China Chemistry2011，54，4： | 3 |
| 19 | Modes of genetic adaptations underlying functional innovations in the rumen显示文摘The rumen is the hallmark organ of ruminants and hosts a diverse ecosystem of microorganisms that facilitates efficient digestion of plant fibers.We analyzed 897 transcriptomes from three Cetartiodactyla lineages:ruminants,camels and cetaceans,as well as data from ruminant comparative genomics and functional assays to explore the genetic basis of rumen functional innovations.We identified genes with relatively high expression in the rumen,of which many appeared to be recruited from other tissues.These genes show functional enrichment in ketone body metabolism,regulation of microbial community,and epithelium absorption,which are the most prominent biological processes involved in rumen innovations.Several modes of genetic change underlying rumen functional innovations were uncovered,including coding mutations,genes newly evolved,and changes of regulatory elements.We validated that the key ketogenesis rate-limiting gene(HMGCS2)with five ruminant-specific mutations was under positive selection and exhibits higher synthesis activity than those of other mammals.Two newly evolved genes(LYZ1 and DEFB1)are resistant to Gram-positive bacteria and thereby may regulate microbial community equilibrium.Furthermore,we confirmed that the changes of regulatory elements accounted for the majority of rumen gene recruitment.These results greatly improve our understanding of rumen evolution and organ evo-devo in general. | Xiangyu Pan Yudong Cai Zongjun Li Xianqing Chen Rasmus Heller Nini Wang Yu Wang Chen Zhao Yong Wang Han Xu Songhai Li Ming Li Cunyuan Li Shengwei Hu Hui Li Kun Wang Lei Chen Bin Wei Zhuqing Zheng Weiwei Fu Yue Yang Tingting Zhang Zhuoting Hou Yueyang Yan Xiaoyang Lv Wei Sun Xinyu Li Shisheng Huang Lixiang Liu Shengyong Mao Wenqing Liu Jinlian Hua Zhipeng Li Guojie Zhang Yulin Chen Xihong Wang Qiang Qiu Brian PDalrymple Wen Wang Yu Jiang | 2021 | Science China(Life Sciences)2021，64，1： | 3 |
| 20 | Gedunin Degrades Aggregates of Mutant Huntingtin Protein and Intranuclear Inclusions via the Proteasomal Pathway in Neurons and Fibroblasts from Patients with Huntington’s Disease显示文摘Huntington's disease(HD) is a deadly neurodegenerative disease with abnormal expansion of CAG repeats in the huntingtin gene. Mutant Huntingtin protein(m HTT) forms abnormal aggregates and intranuclear inclusions in specific neurons, resulting in cell death. Here,we tested the ability of a natural heat-shock protein 90 inhibitor, Gedunin, to degrade transfected m HTT in Neuro-2 a cells and endogenous m HTT aggregates and intranuclear inclusions in both fibroblasts from HD patients and neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells from patients. Our data showed that Gedunin treatment degraded transfected m HTT in Neuro-2 a cells, endogenous m HTT aggregates and intranuclear inclusions in fibroblasts from HD patients, and in neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells from patients in a dose-and time-dependent manner, and its activity depended on the proteasomal pathway rather than the autophagy route. These findings also showed that although Gedunin degraded abnormal m HTT aggregates and intranuclear inclusions in cells from HD patient, it did not affect normal cells, thus providing a new perspective for using Gedunin to treat HD. | Weiqi Yang Jingmo Xie Qiang Qiang Li Li Xiang Lin Yiqing Ren Wenlei Ren Qiong Liu Guomin Zhou Wenshi Wei Hexige Saiyin Lixiang Ma | 2019 | Neuroscience Bulletin2019，35，6： | 2 |
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