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| 1 | Hepatitis B virus replication显示文摘Hepadnaviruses,including human hepatitis B virus(HBV),replicate through reverse transcription of an RNAintermediate,the pregenomic RNA(pgRNA).Despite thiskinship to retroviruses,there are fundamental differencesbeyond the fact that hepadnavirions contain DNAinstead of RNA.Most peculiar is the initiation of reversetranscription:it occurs by protein-priming,is strictlycommitted to using an RNA hairpin on the pgRNA,ε,as template,and depends on cellular chaperones;moreover,proper replication can apparently occur onlyin the specialized environment of intact nucleocapsids.This complexity has hampered an in-depth mechanisticunderstanding.The recent successful reconstitution inthe test tube of active replication initiation complexesfrom purified components,for duck HBV(DHBV),now allows for the analysis of the biochemistry ofhepadnaviral replication at the molecular level.Here wereview the current state of knowledge at all steps of thehepadnaviral genome replication cycle,with emphasison new insights that turned up by the use of such cell-free systems.At this time,they can,unfortunately,not be complemented by three-dimensional structurainformation on the involved components.However,atleast for the ε RNA element such information is emerging,raising expectations that combining biophysics withbiochemistry and genetics will soon provide a powerfuintegrated approach for solving the many outstandingquestions.The ultimate,though most challenging goal,will be to visualize the hepadnaviral reverse transcriptasein the act of synthesizing DNA,which will also havestrong implications for drug development. | Juergen Beck Michael Nassal | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007,13,1: | 54 |
| 2 | 北京市环城绿化隔离带生态规划显示文摘研究运用生态规划方法、地理信息技术和遥感数据,在分析北京城市发展所面临的城市布局与生态环境问题,以及在规划范围内土地利用与生态环境功能的基础上,探讨了北京绿化隔离带的功能,提出了北京绿化隔离带的总体结构,景观格局与生态规划控制指标。研究表明:规划区内城镇建设用地已达4 0 .2 % ,现有土地景观布局零乱,各类开发建设活动十分活跃,扩张趋势明显,要保证足够的土地资源以发展绿化控制带的难度很大。绿化隔离带土地潜力和适宜性的评价结果揭示,如果能够严格控制城镇建设用地的进一步扩张,充分利用各类适宜性土地发展绿地,如林地、裸地、水体、耕地,重新规划分散的乡村居民点,释放一定的建设用地,则估计有6 5 .8%的潜力土地可发展为绿地。根据北京城市发展对近郊生态功能的要求以及规划区土地利用现状,北京绿化隔离带的总体结构应是楔型环城绿化隔离带,即沿交通干线贯穿绿带,中-小型生活社区与小城镇分布在绿化隔离带之中。绿化隔离带的景观生态格局应是以森林为基质、河流道路为廊道。 | 欧阳志云 王如松 李伟峰 Juergen Paulussen 李迪华 肖燚 王效科 | 2005 | 生态学报2005,25,5: | 43 |
| 3 | Wagnild-Young心理弹性量表(RS-11)中文版的信效度检验显示文摘目的对Wagnild-Young心理弹性量表(RS-11)进行初步的修订和信效度检验。方法根据量表修订的方法,选取某大学在校生3363名进行测试,分析中文版的信、效度。结果项目分析结果表明RS-11各项目的项目鉴别力良好(r=0.344~0.700);内部一致性系数为0.807,分半信度为0.865,量表的重测信度为0.617;与CD-RISC-25关联效度为0.725;与大五人格和SCL-90关联效度理想。结论修订的Wagnild-Young心理弹性量表(RS-11)具有较高的信度和效度。 | 高志华 杨绍清 Juergen Margraf Xiaochi Zhang | 2013 | 中国健康心理学杂志2013,21,9: | 42 |
| 4 | 大学生社会支持对乐观倾向的影响:心理弹性与心理一致感的中介作用显示文摘研究旨在了解大学生社会支持、乐观倾向、心理弹性和心理一致感的基本情况及其相互关系,探讨心理弹性和心理一致感在社会支持与乐观倾向之间的中介作用,并对大学生乐观倾向的影响机制进行深入分析。研究使用大学生社会支持量表、心理一致感量表、心理弹性量表和乐观倾向量表对上海市某高校2979名大学生进行调查。研究结果表明:(1)大学生社会支持、心理弹性与心理一致感和乐观倾向的总体状况良好,处于正向积极水平。社会支持、心理弹性与心理一致感和乐观倾向均存在显著的性别差异,女生情况好于男生。(2)大学生乐观倾向与社会支持、心理弹性、心理一致感之间均存在显著正相关(r=.31-.50)。(3)社会支持对乐观倾向有直接预测作用,心理弹性和心理一致感的中介效应显著,模型拟合程度良好(χ2/df=36.80,p<.001,NFI=.98,CFI=.98,IFI=.98)。研究为揭示社会支持与乐观倾向背后可能的原因与作用机制提供了理论支持。 | 朱美侠 蔡丹 武云露 Zhang XiaoChi Juergen Margraf | 2016 | 心理科学2016,39,2: | 43 |
| 5 | 大城市绿化控制带的结构与生态功能显示文摘绿化控制带是指在城市周围建设的绿色植被带。从国际上特大城市建设绿化控制带的效果来看,城市绿化控制带对控制城市格局,改善城市环境,提高城市居民生活质量具有显著作用。随着我国城市化进程加快,大城市的建成区面积将迅速扩大。城市向周边扩展失去有效的控制、城市热岛效应加剧、城市环境恶化、城市绿地生态服务功能低已成为我国大城市发展所面临的难题。借鉴国际上大城市规划与建设城市绿化控制带的经验,加强我国大城市绿化控制带的建设,是我国大城市有效控制城市无序扩大和改善城市生态环境的一个重要途径。 | 欧阳志云 李伟峰 Juergen Paulussen 王如松 李迪华 | 2004 | 城市规划2004,28,4: | 45 |
| 6 | 捻针时真、假穴不同中枢激活效应的脑功能MRI显示文摘目的 利用功能磁共振 (fMRI)观察捻针针刺方法对大脑的作用。方法 用盲法随机分别针刺 13例正常人左侧太冲、丘墟和假穴 ,手法采用捻针和不捻针 ,利用 1 5TMR仪行全脑功能成像 ,用SPM99b分析图像。结果 发现只在真穴捻针针刺时有更强的激活效应 ,有显著性意义的Brodmann激活区域为 :针刺太冲穴激活了左右顶叶BA4 0区 ,右额叶BA4 7和 10区 ,右丘脑 ,左小脑 ;针刺丘墟穴激活了左右顶叶BA4 0区 ,右顶叶BA2区 ,左额叶BA9、10、4 4区 ,左岛叶BA13区 ,左颞叶BA2 2区 ,右颞叶BA4 2区 ,右壳核 ,左小脑。两真穴激活部位部分相同 ,部分不同。在假穴捻针对不捻针的研究中 ,未见到有显著性意义的激活区。结论 真穴捻针时可能对皮层神经活动有较特异的作用 ,而假穴未观察到此种现象 ,推测这可能是针刺治疗作用的机制之一。 | 方继良 Timo Krings Juergen Weidemann Ingo Meister Armin Thron | 2004 | 中华放射学杂志2004,38,12: | 40 |
| 7 | 相变储能大体积混凝土的控温性能显示文摘提出相变控温储能材料机敏控制混凝土结构温度裂缝技术途径.在混凝土浇注过程中将相变材料掺入使之与混凝土结构一体化,利用相变材料在特定温度范围的热效应控制混凝土内部温度场,从而机敏控制温度应力防止温度裂缝.通过自行设计的温度测试系统,对相变控温混凝土控温性能进行实测研究,结果表明:相变材料不但可以降低大体积混凝土的最高绝热温升值,而且可以降低大体积混凝土升温速度和降温速度,从根本上防止了大体积混凝土温度裂缝的出现. | 史巍 张雄 Juergen Dreyer | 2010 | 同济大学学报(自然科学版)2010,38,4: | 32 |
| 8 | 搅拌摩擦焊接的热力耦合分析模型显示文摘随着数值模拟技术在搅拌摩擦焊接研究中的应用日益广泛,对模型本身的准确程度要求越来越高,因而针对数值分析模型的研究显得更有意义。通过分析搅拌摩擦焊接热力耦合计算方面的相关资料,结合实际开展的搅拌摩擦焊接试验以及试验过程中对部分物理量的测量和分析,建立更加完善的搅拌摩擦焊接数值模拟模型。对生热过程、材料模型、夹具约束以及搅拌头机械载荷作用都进行细致分析和探讨,在新模型中采用被焊材料的剪切极限作为生热驱动力,考虑被焊材料的力学性能随温度和温度历史发生变化,建立夹具和试板之间的接触关系,并在力学分析模型中将搅拌头机械载荷简化考虑。利用新建立的数值分析模型对铝合金薄板搅拌摩擦焊接过程进行模拟,得到和试验结果吻合较好的温度场、残余应力和变形结果。 | 鄢东洋 史清宇 吴爱萍 JUERGEN Silvanus 张增磊 | 2010 | 机械工程学报2010,46,16: | 31 |
| 9 | 土地利用/景观生态学研究中的马尔可夫链统计性质分析显示文摘马尔可夫链在土地利用和景观生态学研究中得到了广泛应用,而应用中通常假设土地利用变化为满足马尔可夫性的一阶时齐马尔可夫链,对马尔可夫链的统计性质是否成立却很少进行检验.本文以北京市土地利用变化监测数据为算例,提出了马尔可夫链统计性质的皮尔逊χ2拟合优度检验方法.检验结果表明,土地利用研究中通常假设的时齐性和马尔可夫性(一阶性)在统计学上并不成立,即北京土地利用演变过程为非时齐的高阶马尔可夫链.相对于马尔可夫统计性质的似然比检验中转移概率大于零的要求,皮尔逊χ2检验对转移概率的要求相对宽松,允许转移概率为零,所以应用的范围较似然比检验更为广泛. | 吴琼 王如松 李宏卿 Juergen Paulussen 何永 王碧辉 | 2006 | 应用生态学报2006,17,3: | 28 |
| 10 | 铝合金薄板搅拌摩擦焊接残余变形的数值分析显示文摘大尺寸6056铝合金薄板经过搅拌摩擦焊接实验后出现了严重的面外变形,虽然变形程度小于熔化焊结果,但已经影响到被焊薄板的装配和使用.为详细研究和预测铝合金薄板在搅拌摩擦焊后的残余变形,以焊接实验条件为基础,建立了搅拌摩擦焊接三维有限元热力耦合分析模型.模型中涉及了利用搅拌头工作转矩计算热输入量、工件和卡具之间的接触热传导、随温度变化的材料模型,以及综合考虑搅拌头机械作用等工作.利用该模型可以得到不对称的纵向残余应力结果,残余变形的趋势在整块板上都与实验结果相同,而且变形量和实验测量值之间的误差在20%以内. | 鄢东洋 史清宇 吴爱萍 Juergen Silvanus 刘园 张增磊 | 2009 | 金属学报2009,45,2: | 27 |
| 11 | One hundred and one over-the-scope-clip applications forsevere gastrointestinal bleeding,leaks and fistulas显示文摘AIM: To investigate the efficacy and clinical outcome of patients treated with an over-the-scope-clip(OTSC) system for severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage, perforations and fistulas.METHODS: From 02-2009 to 10-2012, 84 patients were treated with 101 OTSC clips. 41 patients(48.8%) presented with severe upper-gastrointestinal(GI) bleeding, 3(3.6%) patients with lower-GI bleeding, 7 patients(8.3%) underwent perforation closure, 18 patients(21.4%) had prevention of secondary perforation, 12 patients(14.3%) had control of secondary bleeding after endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) and 3 patients(3.6%) had an intervention on a chronic fistula. RESULTS: In 78/84 patients(92.8%), primary treatment with the OTSC was technically successful. Clinical primary success was achieved in 75/84 patients(89.28%). The overall mortality in the study patients was 11/84(13.1%) and was seen in patients with life threatning upper GI hemorrhage. There was no mortality in any other treatment group. In detail OTSC application lead to a clinical success in 35/41(85.36%) patients with upper GI bleeding and in 3/3 patients with lower GI bleeding. Technical success of perforation closure was 100% while clinical success was seen in 4/7 cases(57.14%) due to attendant circumstances unrelated to the OTSC. Technical and clinic success was achieved in 18/18(100%) patients for the prevention of bleeding or perforation after endoscopic mucosal resection and ESD and in 3/3 cases of fistula closure. Two application-related complications were seen(2%).CONCLUSION: This largest single center experience published so far confirms the value of the OTSC for GI emergencies and complications. Further clinical experience will help to identify optimal indications for its targeted and prophylactic use. | Edris Wedi Susana Gonzalez Detlev Menke Elena Kruse Kai Matthes Juergen Hochberger | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016,22,5: | 28 |
| 12 | Minimal invasive microscopic tooth preparation in esthetic restoration: a specialist consensus显示文摘By removing a part of the structure,the tooth preparation provides restorative space,bonding surface,and finish line for various restorations on abutment.Preparation technique plays critical role in achieving the optimal result of tooth preparation.With successful application of microscope in endodontics for>30 years,there is a full expectation of microscopic dentistry.However,as relatively little progress has been made in the application of microscopic dentistry in prosthodontics,the following assumptions have been proposed:Is it suitable to choose the tooth preparation technique under the naked eye in the microscopic vision?Is there a more accurate preparation technology intended for the microscope?To obtain long-term stable therapeutic effects,is it much easier to achieve maximum tooth preservation and retinal protection and maintain periodontal tissue and oral function health under microscopic vision?Whether the microscopic prosthodontics is a gimmick or a breakthrough in obtaining an ideal tooth preparation should be resolved in microscopic tooth preparation.This article attempts to illustrate the concept,core elements,and indications of microscopic minimally invasive tooth preparation,physiological basis of dental pulp,periodontium and functions involved in tool preparation,position ergonomics and visual basis for dentists,comparison of tooth preparation by naked eyes and a microscope,and comparison of different designs of microscopic minimally invasive tooth preparation techniques.Furthermore,a clinical protocol for microscopic minimally invasive tooth preparation based on target restorative space guide plate has been put forward and new insights on the quantity and shape of microscopic minimally invasive tooth preparation has been provided. | Haiyang Yu Yuwei Zhao Junying Li Tian Luo Jing Gao Hongchen Liu Weicai Liu Feng Liu Ke Zhao Fei Liu Chufan Ma Juergen MSetz Shanshan Liang Lin Fan Shanshan Gao Zhuoli Zhu Jiefei Shen Jian Wang Zhimin Zhu Xuedong Zhou | 2019 | International Journal of Oral Science2019,11,4: | 25 |
| 13 | 焊接数值模拟中以温度为控制变量的高效算法显示文摘对焊接数值模拟中的各种加速计算方法进行了细致研究,并在分段热源法的基础上提出了温度函数法.和分段热源法相比较,温度函数法将焊接数值模拟中的控制变量由热量转变为温度,增加了焊接温度场的可控制性,并提高了模拟温度场在模型宽度和厚度方向与实际焊接温度场的一致性.文中通过铝合金薄板搅拌摩擦对焊的模型对温度函数法进行验证.结果表明,温度函数法得到的残余应力和变形结果与移动热源方法得到的结果具有一致性,并且和实际试验测量结果吻合,计算效率有大幅度的提高,能够达到工程应用的需要. | 鄢东洋 史清宇 吴爱萍 Silvanus Juergen | 2009 | 焊接学报2009,30,8: | 24 |
| 14 | Growth of Large-Area Single- and Bi-Layer Graphene by Controlled Carbon Precipitation on Polycrystalline Ni Surfaces显示文摘We report graphene films composed mostly of one or two layers of graphene grown by controlled carbon precipitation on the surface of polycrystalline Ni thin films during atmospheric chemical vapor deposition(CVD).Controlling both the methane concentration during CVD and the substrate cooling rate during graphene growth can signifi cantly improve the thickness uniformity.As a result,one-or two-layer graphene regions occupy up to 87%of the fi lm area.Single layer coverage accounts for 5%11%of the overall fi lm.These regions expand across multiple grain boundaries of the underlying polycrystalline Ni fi lm.The number density of sites with multilayer graphene/graphite(>2 layers)is reduced as the cooling rate decreases.These fi lms can also be transferred to other substrates and their sizes are only limited by the sizes of the Ni fi lm and the CVD chamber.Here,we demonstrate the formation of fi lms as large as 1 in^(2).These fi ndings represent an important step towards the fabrication of large-scale high-quality graphene samples. | Alfonso Reina Stefan Thiele Xiaoting Jia Sreekar Bhaviripudi Mildred S.Dresselhaus Juergen A.Schaefer Jing Kong | 2009 | Nano Research2009,2,6: | 21 |
| 15 | 搅拌摩擦焊接过程的试验测量及分析显示文摘通过设计一系列搅拌摩擦焊接试验,详细测量和分析焊接温度场分布、搅拌头机械载荷、残余应力和残余变形.试验发现,搅拌摩擦焊的温度测量结果的准确性取决于采样频率和热电偶的定位方法;搅拌头的机械载荷主要表现为下压力和扭矩,它们在准稳态焊接的条件下会保持稳定,但取值随焊接参数的变化而发生相应变化;焊接残余应力的主要成分是纵向应力,焊缝区域内呈现较高水平的拉应力,分布呈不对称的双峰特征;薄板的焊接变形具有马鞍形和反马鞍形两种形态,且变形程度受到薄板尺寸、旋转频率和焊接速度的影响. | 鄢东洋 史清宇 吴爱萍 Juergen Silvanus 刘园 | 2010 | 焊接学报2010,31,2: | 18 |
| 16 | Treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘不含酒精的脂肝疾病(NAFLD ) 是为在发达国家的提高的肝酶的最普通的原因。在因为超重孩子的增加的数字,具有特别兴趣的预防节目以外,处理应该集中于最重要的风险因素,肥胖和抗胰岛素性。作为阐明的后果 NAFLD 的 pathomechanisms,潜在的治疗学的选择的数字增加了。然而,调查治疗学的效果的许多研究在至少一个下列点显示出缺点:连续的肝活体检视,治疗的短术语和包括的病人的有限数字的缺乏。第二产生胰岛素抗体 pioglitazone 和 rosiglitazone 为注意在 NAFLD,而是重量获得和潜在的 hepatotoxicity 电话显示出最有希望的改进。在结论,为特定的药的应用程序的一个一般建议不能被给。在肥胖的病人改进胰岛素敏感度的而且控制的临床的试用,体重减轻和物理活动应该是优先级目的。 | Juergen Siebler Peter R Galle | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006,12,14: | 16 |
| 17 | Lipid accumulation in hepatocytes induces fibrogenic activation of hepatic stellate cells显示文摘尽管有非酒精的脂肪肝疾病是良性的混乱的起始的信仰,纤维变性前进发生在病人的一个重要数字,这现在被认出。而且,肝的脂肪变性在大量其它为肝的纤维变性的前进作为一个风险因素被识别了肝疾病。这里,我们建立了一在里面在肝的星形的房间(HSC ) 上学习肝的类脂化合物累积的效果的 vitro 模型,肝 fibrogenesis 的中央调停人。主要人的 hepatocytes 与浸透的丰满的酸 palmitate 被孵化导致细胞内部的类脂化合物累积。随后,人的 HSC 从 steatotic 或控制 hepatocytes 与调节媒介(厘米) 被孵化。在 hepatocytes 的类脂化合物累积导致了加速了 HSC 的激活和增长的因素的版本,并且提高了他们的抵抗到 apoptosis,大部分经由 PI-3-kinase 小径的激活调停了。而且,从 steatotic hepatocytes 的厘米导致了 profibrogenic 基因 TGF- 尾, metallo-proteinase-1 (TIMP-1 ) 的织物禁止者, TIMP-2 和 matrix-metallo-proteinase-2 的表示,以及在 HSC 的原子因素的魏 B 依赖者 MCP-1 表示。在摘要,我们的在里面 vitro 数据在 vivo 为在肝的脂肪变性和 fibrogenesis 之间的 pathophysiological 连接显示潜在的机制。附此,这研究提供一在 vitro 吸引人学习导致脂肪变性的 fibrogenesis 的分子的机制,并且识别并且测试小说的模型在脂肪肝为 antifibrotic 指向治疗疾病。 | Hella Wobser Christoph Dora Thomas S Weiss Thomas Amann Cornelius Bollheimer Roland Btittner Juergen Schoelmerich Claus Helterbrand | 2009 | Cell Research2009,19,8: | 16 |
| 18 | Co-expression of CDX2 and MUC2 in gastric carcinomas: Correlations with clinico-pathological parameters and prognosis显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the role of CDX2 homeobox protein as a predictor for cancer progression and prognosis as well as its correlation with MUC2 expression. CDX2 represents a transcription factor for various intestinal genes (including MUC2) and thus an important regulator of intestinal differentiation, which could previously be identified in gastric carcinomas and intestinal metaplasia.METHODS: Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues from 190 gastric carcinoma patients were stained with monodonal antibodies recognizing CDX2 and MUC2, respectively. Immunoreactivity was evaluated semiquantitatively and statistical analyses including χ2 tests, uni- and multi-variate survival analyses were performed.RESULTS: CDX2 was mostly expressed in a nuclear or supranuclear pattern, whereas MUC2 showed an almost exclusive supranuclear reactivity. Both antigens were present in >80% of areas exhibiting intestinal metaplasia. An immunoreactivity in >5% of the tumor area was observed in 57% (CDX2) or in 21% (MUC2) of the carcinomas. The presence of both molecules did not correlate with WHO,significantly stronger vlUC2 expression in mucinous tumors). CDX2 correlated with a lower pT and pN stage in the subgroups of intestinal and stage I cancers and was associated with MUC2 positivity. A prognostic impact of CDX2 or MUC2 was not observed. CONCLUSION: CDX2 and MUC2 play an important role in the differentiation of normal, inflamed, and neoplastic gastric tissues. According to our results, loss of CDX2 may represent a marker of tumor progression in early gastric cancer and carcinomas with an intestinal phenotype. | Kristina Roessler Stefan P.M(o|¨)nig Paul M.Schneider Franz-Georg Hanisch Stephanie Landsberg Juergen Thiele Arnulf H.H(o|¨)lscher Hans P.Dienes Stephan E.Baldus | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005,11,21: | 15 |
| 19 | 后形而上学能否回答“良善生活”的问题?显示文摘 | 哈贝马斯(Juergen Habermas)(著) 曹卫东(译) | 2006 | 现代哲学2006,,5: | 14 |
| 20 | 中国人和澳大利亚人冠状动脉病变对比研究显示文摘目的探讨中国人和澳大利亚人冠状动脉病变的差异。方法中国南京和澳大利亚悉尼3个中心同步注册入选临床可疑冠心病行冠状动脉造影病例6251例(黄种人3021例,白种人3230例),其中黄种人确诊冠心病患者2098例(占69.4%),白种人确诊冠心病患者2439例(占75.5%)。冠状动脉病变程度由病变部位、支数及病变 Gensini 总积分表示。结果 (1)两组冠状动脉病变主要累及血管均依次为左前降支、右冠状动脉、左回旋支和左主干。(2)黄种人和白种人男性三支病变分别为29.8%和34.0%,女性为15.8%和26.2%,男性左主干病变分别为9.6%和14.2%,女性为4.9%和11.6%,两组男性三支病变及左主干病变均高于女性,单支病变低于女性(P<0.01),双支病变不同性别问均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。(3)白种人三支病变及左主干病变为31.9%和13.5%,高于黄种人(分别为26.0%和8.3%,均P<0.01),单支病变低于黄种人(38.0%比44.7%,P<0.01),双支病变两组间差异无统计学意义(30.1%比29.3%,P>0.05)。Gensini 总积分随年龄增长而增加。40岁以上相同年龄段,白种人 Gensini 总积分均明显高于黄种人。结论冠状动脉病变随年龄增加而增加,男性冠状动脉病变严重程度较相同年龄段女性重。澳大利亚人冠心病患者冠状动脉病变严重程度均较中国人同性别重。提示同样程度冠状动脉粥样硬化,澳大利亚人比中国人早10余年。 | 江时森 吕磊 Crag Juergens 宫剑滨 王立军 彭永平 徐东进 黄浙勇 | 2007 | 中华心血管病杂志2007,35,5: | 14 |