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| 1 | Short-chain fatty acids act as antiinflammatory mediators by regulating prostaglandin E_2 and cytokines显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of short-chain fatty ac-ids (SCFAs) on production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2),cytokines and chemokines in human monocytes.METHODS:Human neutrophils and monocytes were isolated from human whole blood by using 1-Step Polymorph and RosetteSep Human Monocyte Enrich-ment Cocktail,respectively. Human GPR41 and GPR43 mRNA expression was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The calcium flux assay was used to examine the biological activities of SCFAs in human neutrophils and monocytes. The effect ofSCFAs on human monocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was studied by measuring PGE2,cytokines and chemokines in the supernatant. The effect of SCFAs in vivo was examined by intraplantar injection into rat paws.RESULTS:Human GPR43 is highly expressed in human neutrophils and monocytes. SCFAs induce robust calcium flux in human neutrophils,but not in human monocytes. In this study,we show that SCFAs can in-duce human monocyte release of PGE2 and that this effect can be enhanced in the presence of lipopolysac-charide (LPS). In addition,we demonstrate that PGE2 production induced by SCFA was inhibited by pertussis toxin,suggesting the involvement of a receptor-mediated mechanism. Furthermore,SCFAs can specifi cally inhibit constitutive monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) production and LPS-induced interleukin-10 (IL-10) production in human monocytes without affecting the secretion of other cytokines and chemokines examined. Similar activities were observed in human PBMC for the release of PGE2,MCP-1 and IL-10 after SCFA treatment. In addition,SCFAs inhibit LPS-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ in human PBMC. Finally,we show that SCFAs and LPS can induce PGE2 production in vivo by intraplantar injection into rat paws (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION:SCFAs can have distinct antiinflammatory activities due to their regulation of PGE2,cytokine and chemokine release from human immune cells. | Mary Ann Cox James Jackson Michaela Stanton Alberto Rojas-Triana Loretta Bober Maureen Laverty Xiaoxin Yang Feng Zhu Jianjun Liu Suke Wang Frederick Monsma Galya Vassileva Maureen Maguire Eric Gustafson Marvin Bayne Chuan-Chu Chou Daniel Lundell Chung-Her Jenh | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，44： | 30 |
| 2 | Highly efficient GaAs solar cells by limiting light emission angle显示文摘In a conventional flat plate solar cell under direct sunlight,light is received from the solar disk,but is re-emitted isotropically.This isotropic emission corresponds to a significant entropy increase in the solar cell,with a corresponding drop in efficiency.Here,using a detailed balance model,we show that limiting the emission angle of a high-quality GaAs solar cell is a feasible route to achieving power conversion efficiencies above 38%with a single junction.The highest efficiencies are predicted for a thin,light trapping cell with an ideal back reflector,though the scheme is robust to a non-ideal back reflector.Comparison with a conventional planar cell geometry illustrates that limiting emission angle in a light trapping geometry not only allows for much thinner cells,but also for significantly higher overall efficiencies with an excellent rear reflector.Finally,we present ray-tracing and detailed balance analysis of two angular coupler designs,show that significant efficiency improvements are possible with these couplers,and demonstrate initial fabrication of one coupler design. | Emily D Kosten Jackson H Atwater James Parsons Albert Polman Harry A Atwater | 2013 | Light(Science & Applications)2013，2，1： | 9 |
| 3 | Preoperative Portal Vein Embolization for Major Liver Resection: A Meta-Analysis显示文摘 | Adel Abulkhir Paolo Limongelli Andrew J. Healey Osama Damrah Paul Tait James Jackson Nagy Habib Long R. Jiao | 2008 | Annals of Surgery2008，，1： | 3 |
| 4 | Chronic kidney disease and prevalent atrial fibrillation: The Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC)显示文摘 | Elsayed Z. Soliman Ronald J. Prineas Alan S. Go Dawei Xie James P. Lash Mahboob Rahman Akinlolu Ojo Val L. Teal Nancy G. Jensvold Nancy L. Robinson Daniel L. Dries Lydia Bazzano Emile R. Mohler Jackson T. Wright Harold I. Feldman | 2010 | American Heart Journal2010，，6： | 2 |
| 5 | The permeability of fibrous porous media显示文摘 | JACKSON W G JAMES F D | 1986 | The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering1986，64，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Spectral analysis of gravity gradiometry profiles显示文摘 | JAMES WHILE ANDREW JACKSON DIRK SMIT | 2006 | Geophysics2006，71，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Role of life style and aging on the longitudinal change in cardiorespiratory fitness显示文摘 | ACLS ANDREW S JACKSON XUEMEI SUI JAMES R HE BERT | 2009 | Arch Int Ern Med2009，169，19： | 1 |
| 8 | Utilization of the less-invasive stabilization system internal fixator for open fractures of the proximal tibia:a multi-center evaluation显示文摘 | James P Stannard Christopher G Finkemeier Jackson Lee | 2008 | Indian J Orthop2008，42，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Utliziation of the less invasive stabilization system internal fixation for open fractures of the proximal tibia:a multi-center evaluation显示文摘 | James P Stannard Christopher G Finke Meier Jackson Lee | 2008 | Indian J Orthop2008，42，4： | 1 |
| 10 | 体重调整固定剂量普通肝素与低分子肝素治疗急性静脉血栓栓塞的比较显示文摘背景:普通肝素用于治疗急性静脉血栓栓塞时,通常在监测血凝下静脉输注给药,患者需要住院治疗。然而,体重调整后皮下注射固定剂量普通肝素可能既适用于住院也适用于门诊静脉血栓栓塞患者的治疗。
目的:确定皮下注射体重调整固定剂量普通肝素治疗静脉血栓栓塞是否与低分子肝素同样安全有效。设计、地点及患者:随机、开标、裁定者盲法、非劣效试验。708例急性静脉血栓栓塞患者来自加拿大和新西兰6所大学附属临床中心,年龄≥18岁。试验于1998年9月至2004年2月进行。在随机分组的患者中,11例从疗效分析中排除,8例从安全性分析中排除。
干预:普通肝素皮下注射初始剂量为333U/kg,以后给予固定剂量250U/kg,每12小时1次(n=345)。低分子肝素(依诺肝素或达肝素)按100IU/kg剂量皮下注射,每12小时1次(n=352)。两种治疗均可院外进行,配合华法林治疗3个月。
主要观测指标:随机分组后3个月内复发性静脉血栓栓塞事件及10天内严重出血情况。结果:普通肝素组有13例患者(3.8%)发生静脉血栓栓塞复发,而低分子肝素组有12例患者复发(3.4%;绝对差值,0.4%;95%可信区间,-2.6%~3.3%)。开始治疗后10天内普通肝素组有4例患者(1.1%)发生严重出血,而低分子肝素组有5例(1.4%;绝对差值,-0.3%;95%可信区间,-2.3%~1.7%)。院外治疗患者在普通肝素组占72%,低分子肝素组占68%。
结论:对于急性静脉血栓栓塞患者而言,皮下注射固定剂量普通肝素与低分子肝素一样安全有效,适于门诊治疗。 | Clive Kearon Jeffrey S. Ginsberg Jim A. Julian James Douketis Susan Solymoss Paul Ockelford Sharon Jackson Alexander G. Turpie Betsy MacKinnon Jack Hirsh Michael Gent 王春玲(译) 孙艺红(译) 胡大一(校) | 2007 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2007，26，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Regulation of Transcript Levels of a Potato Gibberellin 20-Oxidase Gene by Light and Phytochrome B显示文摘 | Jackson S D James P E Prat S | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Fruit and Vegetable Juices and Alzheimer’s Disease: The Kame Project显示文摘 | Qi Dai Amy R. Borenstein Yougui Wu James C. Jackson Eric B. Larson | 2006 | The American Journal of Medicine2006，，9： | 1 |
| 13 | The hydrodynamic resistance of hyaluronic acid and its contribution to tissue permeability显示文摘 | J Jackson G W James D F | 1982 | Biorheology1982，19，12： | 1 |
| 14 | How Effective is Low Vision Service Provision? A Systematic Review显示文摘 | Alison M. Binns Catey Bunce Chris Dickinson Robert Harper Rhiannon Tudor-Edwards Margaret Woodhouse Pat Linck Alan Suttie Jonathan Jackson Jennifer Lindsay James Wolffsohn Lindsey Hughes Tom H. Margrain | 2012 | Survey of Ophthalmology2012，，1： | 1 |
| 15 | The Permeability of Fibrous Porous Media显示文摘 | Jackson G W James D F | 1986 | Canadian Journal of Chem Eng1986，64，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Spectral analysis of gravity gradiometry profiles显示文摘 | JAMES WHILE ANDREW JACKSON DIRK SMIT | 2006 | Geophysics2006，171，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Faculty-Student Dual Relationships: Implications for Counselor Educators 显示文摘 | James L Jackson | 2007 | Alabama Counseling Association Journal2007，，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Preparation and characterization of forsterite ( Mg2SiO4 ) xerogels 显示文摘 | Mitchell M B D Jackson D James P F | 1998 | Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology1998，13，123： | 1 |
| 19 | Inappropriate Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Shocks in MADIT II显示文摘 | James P. Daubert Wojciech Zareba David S. Cannom Scott McNitt Spencer Z. Rosero Paul Wang Claudio Schuger Jonathan S. Steinberg Steven L. Higgins David J. Wilber Helmut Klein Mark L. Andrews W. Jackson Hall Arthur J. Moss | 2008 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2008，，14： | 1 |
| 20 | The association between brain volumes, delirium duration, and cognitive outcomes in intensive care unit survivors: The VISIONS cohort magnetic resonance imaging study*显示文摘 | Max L. Gunther Alessandro Morandi Erin Krauskopf Pratik Pandharipande Timothy D. Girard James C. Jackson Jennifer Thompson Ayumi K. Shintani Sunil Geevarghese Russell R. Miller Angelo Canonico Kristen Merkle Christopher J. Cannistraci Baxter P. Rogers J. | 2012 | Critical Care Medicine2012，，7： | 1 |
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