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| 1 | Melanoma:Molecular genetics,metastasis,targeted therapies,immunotherapies,and therapeutic resistance显示文摘Cutaneous melanoma is a common cancer and cases have steadily increased since the mid 70s.For some patients,early diagnosis and surgical removal of melanomas is lifesaving,while other patients typically turn to molecular targeted therapies and immunotherapies as treatment options.Easy sampling of melanomas allows the scientific community to identify the most prevalent mutations that initiate melanoma such as the BRAF,NRAS,and TERT genes,some of which can be therapeutically targeted.Though initially effective,many tumors acquire resistance to the targeted therapies demonstrating the need to investigate compensatory pathways.Immunotherapies represent an alternative to molecular targeted therapies.However,inter-tumoral immune cell populations dictate initial therapeutic response and even tumors that responded to treatment develop resistance in the long term.As the protocol for combination therapies develop,so will our scientific understanding of the many pathways at play in the progression of melanoma.The future direction of the field may be to find a molecule that connects all of the pathways.Meanwhile,noncoding RNAs have been shown to play important roles in melanoma development and progression.Studying noncoding RNAs may help us to understand how resistance e both primary and acquired e develops;ultimately allow us to harness the true potential of current therapies.This review will cover the basic structure of the skin,the mutations and pathways responsible for transforming melanocytes into melanomas,the process by which melanomas metastasize,targeted therapeutics,and the potential that noncoding RNAs have as a prognostic and treatment tool. | William Wagstaff Rimel N.Mwamba Karina Grullon Mikhayla Armstrong Piao Zhao Bryce Hendren-Santiago Kevin H.Qin Alexander J.Li Daniel A.Hu Andrew Youssef Russell R.Reid Hue H.Luu Le Shen Tong-Chuan He Rex C.Haydon | 2022 | Genes & Diseases2022，9，6： | 2 |
| 2 | Real options, volaflity, and stock returns显示文摘 | Grullon G Lyanders E Zhadanov A | 2012 | Journal of Finance2012，67，4： | 1 |
| 3 | Advertising, breadth of ownership, and liquidity显示文摘 | Grullon G Kanatas G Weston J P | 2004 | Review of Financial Studies2004，17，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Stock market liquidity and the cost of issuing equity显示文摘 | Butler A W Grullon G Weston J P | 2005 | Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analy- sis2005，40，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Stock Market Liquidity and the Cost of Issuing Equity显示文摘 | Butler A Grullon G Weston J | 2005 | The Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis2005，40，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Advertising,breadth of ownership,and li-quidity显示文摘 | Grullon G | 2004 | Review of Financial Studies2004，17，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Are dividend changes a sign of firm maturity? 显示文摘 | Grullon G Michaely R Swaminathan B | 2002 | Jornal of Business2002，75，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Dividends, Share Repurchases, and the Substitution Hypothesis 显示文摘 | GRULLON G MICHAELY R | 2002 | Journal of Finance2002，57，4： | 1 |
| 9 | The Information Content of Share Repurchase Programs 显示文摘 | Grullon G Michaely R | 2004 | Journal of Finance2004，59，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Stock market liquidity and the cost of issuing equity显示文摘 | Butler A W Grullon G Weston J P | 2005 | Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis2005，40，2： | 1 |
| 11 | The information contentof share repurchase programs显示文摘 | GRULLON G MICHAELY R | 2004 | Journal of Finance2004，，52： | 1 |
| 12 | The information contentof share repurchase programs显示文摘 | GRULLON G MICHAELY R | 2004 | Journal of Finance2004，59，： | 1 |
| 13 | Closed-End Fund Discounts with Informed Ownership Differential显示文摘 | Gustavo Grullon F. Albert Wang | 2001 | Journal of Financial Intermediation2001，，2： | 1 |
| 14 | The Information Content ofShare Repurchase Programs显示文摘 | GRULLON MICHAELY | 2004 | Journal of Finance2004，，52： | 1 |
| 15 | The Information Content of Share Repurchase Programs显示文摘 | Grullon G Michaely R | 2004 | Journal of Finance2004，59，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Capital Adequacy, Bank Mergers and the Medium of Payment显示文摘 | Grullon G Michaely R Swary I | 1997 | Journal of Business Finance&Accounting1997，，24： | 1 |
| 17 | The Information Content of Share Repurchase Programs显示文摘 | Gustavo Grullon and Roni Michaely | 2004 | Journal of Finance2004，2004，： | 1 |
| 18 | Advertising, breadth of ownership, and liquidity 显示文摘 | Grullon G Weston J P | 2004 | Review of Financial Studies2004，17，2： | 1 |
| 19 | The Information Content of Share Repurchase Programs 显示文摘 | Grullon G and Michaely R | 2004 | Joumal of Finance2004，，59： | 1 |
| 20 | Advertising, Breadth of Ownership, and Liquidity显示文摘 | Gustavo Grullon | 2004 | The Review of Financial Studies2004，，： | 1 |
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