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| 1 | Hepatitis C virus infection and apoptosis显示文摘Apoptosis is central for the control and elimination of viral infections. In chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, enhanced hepatocyte apoptosis and upregulation of the death inducing ligands CD95/Fas, TRAIL and TNFα occur. Nevertheless, HCV infection persists in the majority of patients. The impact of apoptosis in chronic HCV infection is not well understood. It may be harmful by triggering liver fibrosis, or essential in interferon (IFN) induced HCV elimination. For virtually all HCV proteins, pro- and anti-apoptotic effects have been described, especially for the core and NS5A protein. To date, it is not known which HCV protein affects apoptosis in vivo and whether the infectious virions act pro- or anti- apoptotic. With the availability of an infectious tissue culture system, we now can address pathophysiologically relevant issues. This review focuses on the effect of HCV infection and different HCV proteins on apoptosis and of the corresponding signaling cascades. | Richard Fischer Thomas Baumert Hubert E Blum | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，36： | 10 |
| 2 | Role of autophagy in differential sensitivity of hepatocarcinoma cells to sorafenib显示文摘AIM: To investigate the role of sorafenib(SFN) in autophagy of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). We evaluated how SFN affects autophagy signaling pathway in human HCC cell lines. METHODS: Two different human HCC cell lines, Hep3 B and Huh7, were subjected to different concentrations of SFN. Cell viability and onset of apoptosis were determined with colorimetric assay and immunoblotting analysis, respectively. The changes in autophagy-related proteins, including LC3, ULK1, AMPK, and LKB, were determined with immunoblotting analysis in the presence or absence of SFN. To assess autophagic dynamics, autophagic flux was measured with chloroquine, a lysosomal inhibitor. The autophagic responsiveness between different HCC cell lines was compared under the autophagy enhancing conditions.RESULTS: Hep3 B cells were significantly more resistant to SFN than Huh7 cells. Immunoblotting analysis revealed a marked increase in SFN-mediated autophagy flux in Huh7 cells, which was, however, absent in Hep3 B cells. While both starvation and rapamycin enhanced autophagy in Huh7 cells, only rapamycin increased autophagy in Hep3 B cells. Immunoblotting analysis of autophagy initiation proteins showed that SFN substantially increased phosphorylation of AMPK and consequently autophagy in Huh7, but not in Hep3 B cells.CONCLUSION: The autophagic responsiveness to SFN is distinct between Hep3 B and Huh7 cells. Resistance of Hep3 B cells to SFN may be associated with altered autophagy signaling pathways. | Trevan D Fischer Jin-Hee Wang Adrian Vlada Jae-Sung Kim Kevin E Behrns | 2014 | World Journal of Hepatology2014，6，10： | 5 |
| 3 | Influence of magnesium deficiency on rates of leaf expansion,starch and sucrous accumulation,and net assimilationin phaseolus vulgaris显示文摘 | Fischer E S Bremer E | 1993 | Physiol Planta1993，89，： | 4 |
| 4 | Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2008: a systematic analysis显示文摘 | Robert E Black Simon Cousens Hope L Johnson Joy E Lawn Igor Rudan Diego G Bassani Prabhat Jha Harry Campbell Christa Fischer Walker Richard Cibulskis Thomas Eisele Li Liu Colin Mathers | 2010 | The Lancet2010，，9730： | 3 |
| 5 | The sepsis-induced increase in muscle proteolysis is blocked by specific proteasome inhibitors显示文摘 | Hobler S C Tiao G Fischer J E | 1998 | Am J Physiol1998，274，： | 2 |
| 6 | Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2008: a systematic analysis显示文摘 | Robert E Black Simon Cousens Hope L Johnson Joy E Lawn Igor Rudan Diego G Bassani Prabhat Jha Harry Campbell Christa Fischer Walker Richard Cibulskis Thomas Eisele Li Liu Colin Mathers | 2010 | The Lancet . 2010 (9730)2010，，： | 2 |
| 7 | Perioperative outcomes of major hepatic resections under low central venous pressure anesthesia: blood loss, blood transfusion, and the risk of postoperative renal dysfunction显示文摘 | Jose A Melendez Vittoria Arslan Mary E Fischer David Wuest William R Jarnagin Yuman Fong Leslie H Blumgart | 1998 | Journal of the American College of Surgeons1998，，6： | 2 |
| 8 | Two independent triggers for the Indian Ocean dipole/zonal mode in a coupled GCM显示文摘 | FISCHER A S TERRAY P GUILYARDI E | 2005 | J Climate2005，18，17： | 1 |
| 9 | PDGF essentially links TGF-beta signaling to nuclear beta-catenin accumulation in hepatocellular carcinoma progression显示文摘 | Fischer AN Fuchs E Mikula M | 2007 | Oncogene2007，26，23： | 1 |
| 10 | Thermal stresses for frictional contact in wheel-rail system 显示文摘 | Fischer F D Wemer E Yan W Y | 1997 | Wear1997，211，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Information, contracting and quality costs 显示文摘 | Baiman S Fischer P E Rajah M V | 2000 | Management Science2000，46，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Thermogravimetric characteriza- tion of gelcast alumina composites显示文摘 | Dweck J Fischer R Fischer E | 1997 | Journal of Thermal Analys- is and Calorimetry1997，49，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Breast carcinoma: effect of preoperative contrast-enhanced MR imaging on the therapeutic approach显示文摘 | Fischer V Kopka L Grabbe E | 1999 | Radiology1999，213，： | 1 |
| 14 | Antioxidant status in patients on chronic hemodialysis therapy:impact of parenteral selenium supplementation显示文摘 | Koenig JS Fischer M Bulant E | 1997 | Wien Klin Wochenschr1997，109，： | 1 |
| 15 | Biodegradable starch/day nanocomposite films for food packaging applications显示文摘 | Avella M De Vlieger J J Erfico M E Fischer S Vacca P & Volpe M G | 2005 | Food Chemistry2005，93，： | 1 |
| 16 | An update on anesthesia for thoracoscopic surgery 显示文摘 | Fischer GW Cohen E | 2010 | Curr Opin Anaesthesiol2010，23，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Arsenic trioxide plus cisplatin/interferon a -2b/doxorubicin/capecitabine combination chemotherapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma 显示文摘 | Tomuleasa C Soritau O Fischer - Fodor E | 2011 | He- matol Oncol Stem Cell Ther2011，2，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Performance Measurement and Design in Supply Chains显示文摘 | STANLEY BAIMAN RAJAN PAUL E FISCHER MADHAV V | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 19 | Prolonged zonaglomerulosa insufficiency causing hyperkalemia in primaryaldosteronism after adrenalectomy 显示文摘 | Fischer E Hanslik G Pallauf A | 2012 | Clin EndocrinolMetab2012，97，11： | 1 |
| 20 | Molecular basis for the herbicide resistance of roundup ready crops显示文摘 | Todd F Han H J Healy-Fried M L Fischer M Schnbrunn E | 2006 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2006，，13： | 1 |
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