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| 1 | The levels, sources and reactivity of volatile organic compounds in a typical urban area of Northeast China显示文摘Air concentrations of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) were continually measured at a monitoring site in Shenyang from 20 August to 16 September 2017. The average concentrations of alkanes, alkenes, aromatics and carbonyls were 28.54, 6.30, 5.59 and9.78 ppbv, respectively. Seven sources were identified by the Positive Matrix Factorization model based on the measurement data of VOCs and CO. Vehicle exhaust contributed the most(36.15%) to the total propene-equivalent concentration of the measured VOCs,followed by combustion emission(16.92%), vegetation emission and secondary formation(14.33%), solvent usage(10.59%), petrochemical industry emission(9.89%), petrol evaporation(6.28%), and liquefied petroleum gas(LPG) usage(5.84%). Vehicle exhaust, solvent usage and combustion emission were found to be the top three VOC sources for O_3 formation potential, accounting for 34.52%, 16.55% and 11.94%, respectively. The diurnal variation of the total VOCs from each source could be well explained by their emission characteristics,e.g., the two peaks of VOC concentrations from LPG usage were in line with the cooking times for breakfast and lunch. Wind rose plots of the VOCs from each source could reveal the possible distribution of the sources around the monitoring site. The O_3 pollution episodes during the measurement period were found to be coincident with the elevation of VOCs, which was mainly due to the air parcel from the southeast direction where petrochemical industry emission was found to be dominant, suggesting that the petrochemical industry emission from the southeast was probably a significant cause of O_3 pollution in Shenyang. | Zhuobiao Ma Chengtang Liu Chenglong Zhang Pengfei Liu Can Ye Chaoyang Xue Di Zhao Jichen Sun Yiming Du Fahe Chai Yujing Mu | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，5： | 12 |
| 2 | Advanced Na metal anodes显示文摘Na metal anode, benefiting from its high theoretical capacity and lowest electrochemical potential, is one of the most favorable candidates for future Na-based batteries with high energy density. Dendrite growth, volume change and high reactivity are the formidable challenges in terms of good cycling performance and high Coulombic efficiency as well as an expected safety guarantee of Na metal anode for the practical application. Solid electrolyte interphase(SEI) layer as an indispensable component of a battery,its formation and stability play the critical role in the feasibility of Na metal anode. In this review, we first discuss the current consideration and challenges of Na metal anode, and then summarize several strategies to suppress dendrite growth and improve electrochemical performance, including interface engineering, electrolyte composition, electrode construction, and so on. Finally, the conclusion and future perspective of potential development on Na metal anode are proposed. | Chenglong Zhao Yaxiang Lu Jinming Yue Du Pan Yuruo Qi Yong-Sheng Hu Liquan Chen | 2018 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2018，27，6： | 5 |
| 3 | Advances in Understanding Materials for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries by Atomic Force Microscopy显示文摘The development of advanced lithium batteries represents a major technological challenge for the new century.Understanding the fundamental electrode degradation mechanisms is important for battery performance improvements.The complex electrochemical processes inside a working battery are being explored to a limited extent.Various advanced material characterization techniques have been used to monitor dynamic conditions for optimizing battery materials.State-of-the-art atomic force microscopy methods have been applied to energy storage systems,specifically lithium-ion batteries.Atomic force microscopy is an ideal tool to provide localized morphological,chemical,and physical information at nanoscale for the in-depth understanding of the electrochemical processes,reaction mechanisms,and degradation of battery materials.Here,we review recent progress in the development and application of atomic force microscopy for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.We discuss atomic force microscopy as an analytical tool to help researchers understand graphite,silicon,layered metal oxides,and other representative electrode materials.We summarize the importance of atomic force microscopy technique in studying the next-generation Li–S and Li–O 2 batteries.We also highlight some of the remaining challenges and possible solutions for future development. | Shuwei Wang Qi Liu Chenglong Zhao Fengzheng Lv Xianying Qin Hongda Du Feiyu Kang Baohua Li | 2018 | Energy & Environmental Materials2018，1，1： | 4 |
| 4 | Geochemical significance of the Paleogene soda-deposits bearing strata in Biyang Depression,Henan Province显示文摘The Biyang Depression,lying in the eastern Nanxiang Basin,has a dustpan-shape with faults developed to the southwest and southeast.The Paleogene Hetaoyuan Formation in this depression hosts one of the oldest soda-deposits,the Anpeng deposit.These sodium carbonate-bearing strata consist of lutites,muddy dolomites,and bedded soda-deposits,which are dominated by nahcolite with little trona,mirabilite,and halite.In the top Unit 3 and lower Unit 2 of Hetaoyuan Formation where the sodium carbonates are concentrated,dolomitic shale,muddy carbonate,and sodium carbonate can be separated based on their distinct Al2O3,Ti O2,Na2O,Mg O+Ca O,and LOI(loss on ignition)contents.By using Na2O/(Mg O+Ca O)ratio as an indicator for the relative concentration of Na carbonates to Mg-Ca carbonates,the muddy dolomites can be classified into two groups.One group with Na2O/(Mg O+Ca O)<0.6 exhibits a positive correlation between this ratio and Al2O3+Ti O2 content,an proxy for terrigenous clastic input and the other group with Na2O/(Mg O+Ca O)>0.6 presents a negative correlation.As the clastic proportion decreases,the former indicates that it tends to form pure Mg-Ca carbonates reflecting evaporation less than or equal to replenishment for the lake water in a relative humid climate,and the latter reveals a trend to form sodium carbonates with lake water’s evaporation more than replenishment in a relatively dry climate.From muddy dolomite to sodium carbonate samples,with Na2O/(Mg O+Ca O)ratio increasing,the Al normalized Zr,Ti,La,K,Rb,and Ba tend to be enriched and the post-Archean Average Shale(PAAS)normalized positive Eu anomaly becomes more obvious.Integrated with the high B contents and the report of searlesite in the bedded sodium carbonates and the regional extensional tectonic regime,the above geochemical characteristics were interpreted to signify hydrothermal contribution to forming these soda-deposits through the deep fault systems of basin margins. | YANG JiangHai YI ChengLong DU YuanSheng ZHANG ZongHeng YAN JiaXin | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，1： | 3 |
| 5 | Regulation of mATG9 trafficking by Src- and ULK1mediated phosphorylation in basal and starvation-induced autophagy显示文摘Autophagy 要求多样的膜来源并且包含 mATG9 的膜 trafficking,在 ATG 家庭的唯一的膜蛋白质。然而,为 autophagy 开始的 mATG9 trafficking 的分子的规定仍然保持不清楚。这里,我们识别了在 mATG9 的 cytosolic N 终点以内排序信号的二保存经典适配器蛋白质,它调停从经由和 AP1/2 建筑群的相互作用的血浆膜和 trans-Golgi 网络(TGN ) 的 mATG9 的 trafficking。在 Tyr8 到的 Src phosphorylates mATG9 处于不着重的条件维持它的 endocytic 和组成的 trafficking。响应饥饿,在由 Src 的 Tyr8 并且在由 ULK1 的 Ser14 的 mATG9 的 phosphorylation 机能上地合作支持在 mATG9 和 AP1/2 建筑群之间的相互作用,为 autophagy 从血浆膜和 juxta 原子的区域导致 mATG9 的再分配到外部水池开始。我们的调查结果揭开 mATG9 trafficking 的新奇机制并且建议基础、导致压力的 autophagy 的协作。 | Changqian Zhou Kaili Ma Ruize Gao Chenglong Mu Linbo Chen Qiangqiang Liu Qian Luo Du Feng Yushan Zhu Quan Chen | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，2： | 2 |
| 6 | Integral Event-Triggered Attack-Resilient Control of Aircraft-on-Ground Synergistic Turning System With Uncertain Tire Cornering Stiffness显示文摘This article proposes an integral-based event-triggered attack-resilient control method for the aircraft-on-ground(AoG) synergistic turning system with uncertain tire cornering stiffness under stochastic deception attacks. First, a novel AoG synergistic turning model is established with synergistic reverse steering of the front and main wheels to decrease the steering angle of the AoG fuselage, thus reducing the steady-state error when it follows a path with some large curvature. Considering that the tire cornering stiffness of the front and main wheels vary during steering, a dynamical observer is designed to adaptively identify them and estimate the system state at the same time.Then, an integral-based event-triggered mechanism(I-ETM) is synthesized to reduce the transmission frequency at the observerto-controller end, where stochastic deception attacks may occur at any time with a stochastic probability. Moreover, an attackresilient controller is designed to guarantee that the closed-loop system is robust L2-stable under stochastic attacks and external disturbances. A co-design method is provided to get feasible solutions for the observer, controller, and I-ETM simultaneously. An optimization program is further presented to make a tradeoff between the robustness of the control scheme and the saving of communication resources. Finally, the low-and high-probability stochastic deception attacks are considered in the simulations. The results have illustrated that the AoG synergistic turning system with the proposed control method follows a path with some large curvature well under stochastic deception attacks. Furthermore,compared with the static event-triggered mechanisms, the proposed I-ETM has demonstrated its superiority in saving communication resources. | Chenglong Du Fanbiao Li Yang Shi Chunhua Yang Weihua Gui | 2023 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2023，10，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Soil organic carbon dynamics study bias deduced from isotopic fractionation in corn plant显示文摘Carbon stable isotope techniques were extensively employed to trace the dynamics of soil organic carbon(SOC)across a land-use change involving a shift to vegetation with different photosynthetic pathways.Based on the isotopic mass balance equation,relative contributions of new versus old SOC,and SOC turnover rate in corn fields were evaluated world-wide.However,most previous research had not analyzed corn debris left in the field,instead using an average corn plant δ^(13)C value or a measured value to calculate the proportion of corn-derived SOC,either of which could bias results.This paper carried out a detailed analysis of isotopic fractionation in corn plants and deduced the maximum possible bias of SOC dynamics study.The results show approximately 3‰ isotopic fractionation from top to bottom of the corn leaf.The ^(13)C enrichment sequence in corn plant was tassel﹥stalk or cob﹥root﹥leaves.Individual parts accounting for the total dry mass of corn returned distinct values.Consequently,the average δ^(13)C value of corn does not represent the actual isotopic composition of corn debris.Furthermore,we deduced that the greater the fractionation in corn plant,the greater the possible bias.To alleviate bias of SOC dynamics study,we suggest two measures:analyze isotopic compositions and proportions of each part of the corn and determine which parts of the corn plant are left in the field and incorporated into SOC. | Chenglong Tu Congqiang Liu Xiaohui Lu Lifeng Cui Jiayin Du | 2017 | Acta Geochimica2017，36，3： | 0 |
| 8 | In-flight calibration of the magnetometer on the Mars orbiter of Tianwen-1显示文摘Mars orbiter magnetometer(MOMAG)is one of seven science payloads onboard Tianwen-1’s orbiter.Unlike most of the satellites,Tianwen-1’s orbiter is not magnetically cleaned,and the boom where placed the magnetometer’s sensors is not long enough.These pose many challenges to the magnetic field data processing.In this study,we introduce the in-flight calibration process of the Tianwen-1/MOMAG.The magnetic interference including spacecraft generated dynamic field and the slowlychanging zero offsets are cleaned in sequence.Then the calibrated magnetic field data are compared with the data from the Mars atmosphere and volatile Evolutio N(MAVEN).We find that some physical structures in the solar wind are consistent between the two data sets,and the distributions of the magnetic field strength in the solar wind are very similar.These results suggest that the in-flight calibration of the MOMAG is successful and the MOMAG provides reliable data for scientific research. | ZOU ZhuXuan WANG YuMing ZHANG TieLong WANG GuoQiang XIAO SuDong PAN ZongHao ZHANG ZhouBin YAN Wei DU Yang CHI YuTian CHENG Long WU ZhiYong HAO XinJun LI YiRen LIU Kai CHEN ManMing SU ZhenPeng SHEN ChengLong XU MengJiao GUO JingNan | 2023 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2023，66，8： | 0 |
| 9 | The Mars orbiter magnetometer of Tianwen-1:in-flight performance and first science results显示文摘The Mars Orbiter MAGnetometer(MOMAG)is a scientific instrument onboard the orbiter of China’s first mission for Mars—Tianwen-1.Since November 13,2021,it has been recording magnetic field data from the solar wind to the magnetic pile-up region surrounding Mars.Here we present its in-flight performance and first science results,based on its first one and one-half months’data.Comparing these early MOMAG observations to the magnetic field data in the solar wind from NASA’s Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN(MAVEN)mission,we report that the MOMAG magnetic field data are at the same level in magnitude,and describe the same magnetic structures with similar variations in three components.We recognize 158 clear bow shock(BS)crossings in these MOMAG data;their locations match well statistically with the modeled average BS.We also identify and compare five pairs of datasets collected when Tianwen-1’s orbiter and the MAVEN probe made simultaneous BS crossings.These BS crossings confirm the global shape of modeled BS,as well as the south-north asymmetry of the Martian BS.Two cases presented in this paper suggest that the BS is probably more dynamic at flank than near the nose.So far,MOMAG performs well,and provides accurate magnetic field vectors.MOMAG is continuously scanning the magnetic field surrounding Mars.Data from MOMAG’s measurements complement data from MAVEN and will undoubt edly advance our understanding of the plasma environment of Mars. | YuMing Wang TieLong Zhang GuoQiang Wang SuDong Xiao ZhuXuan Zou Long Cheng ZongHao Pan Kai Liu XinJun Hao YiRen Li ManMing Chen ZhouBin Zhang Wei Yan ZhenPeng Su ZhiYong Wu ChengLong Shen YuTian Chi MengJiao Xu JingNan Guo Yang Du | 2023 | Earth and Planetary Physics2023，7，2： | 0 |
| 10 | Contributions on the Special-Contracted Teacher Scheme and the Supply of Rural Teachers显示文摘In the past decade,the Special-Contracted Teacher Scheme has witnessed remarkable progress,but there are deficiencies including inadequate benefit guarantee for and mixed reviews on the quality of special-contracted teachers.In the context of developing the 14th Five-Year Plan(2021-2025)for education and accelerating the modernization of education,the current implementation of the Special-Contracted Teacher Scheme requires to be further examined and judged,to adjust the policy in time and present policy recommendations for the supply of rural teachers during the 14th Five-Year Plan period.Therefore,several scholars were invited to contribute to gain insight into this policy from multiple perspectives. | ZHENG Xinrong WANG Chenglong DU Ping HUANG Bin SU Shangfeng | 2022 | Frontiers of Education in China2022，17，3： | 0 |
| 11 | Photochemical production of carbonyl sulfide,carbon disulfide and dimethyl sulfide in a lake water显示文摘Photochemical production of carbonyl sulfide(COS),carbon disulfide(CS_2) and dimethyl sulfide(DMS) was intensively studied in the water from the Aohai Lake of Beijing city.The lake water was found to be highly supersaturated with COS,CS_2 and DMS,with their initial concentrations of 0.91 ± 0.073 nmol/L,0.55 ± 0.071 nmol/L and 0.37 ± 0.062 nmol/L,respectively.The evident photochemical production of COS and CS_2 in the lake water under irradiation of 365 nm and 302 nm indicated that photochemical production of them might be the reason for their supersaturation.The similar dependence of wavelength and oxygen for photochemical production of COS,CS_2 and DMS implied that they might be from the same precursors.The water cage effect was found to favor COS production but inhibit CS_2and DMS formation,indicating that COS photochemical production was mainly from direct degradation of the precursors and the formation of CS_2 and DMS needed intermediates via combination of carbon-centered radicals and sulfur-centered radicals.The above assumptions were further confirmed by simulation experiments with addition of carbonyls and amino acids(cysteine and methionine),and the photochemical formation mechanisms for COS,CS_2 and DMS in water were derived from the investigations. | Qianqian Du Yujing Mu Chenglong Zhang Junfeng Liu Yuanyuan Zhang Chengtang Liu | 2017 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2017，29，1： | 0 |
| 12 | Formation Process and Mechanical Deformation Behavior of a Novel Laser-Printed Compression-Induced Twisting-Compliant Mechanism显示文摘A novel compression-induced twisting(CIT)-compliant mechanism was designed based on the freedom and constraint topology(FACT)method and manufactured by means of laser powder bed fusion(LPBF).The effects of LPBF printing parameters on the formability and compressive properties of the laserprinted CIT-compliant mechanism were studied.Within the range of optimized laser powers from 375 to 450 W and with the densification level of the samples maintained at above 98%,changes in the obtained relative densities of the LPBF-fabricated CIT-compliant mechanism with the applied laser powers were not apparent.Increased laser power led to the elimination of residual metallurgical pores within the inclined struts of the CIT mechanism.The highest dimensional accuracy of 0.2% and the lowest surface roughness of 20μm were achieved at a laser power of 450 W.The deformation behavior of the CIT-compliant mechanism fabricated by means of LPBF exhibited four typical stages:an elastic stage,a heterogeneous plastic deformation stage,a strength-destroying stage,and a deformation-destroying stage(or instable deformation stage).The accumulated compressive strain of the optimally printed CIT mechanism using a laser power of 450 W went up to 20% before fracturing,demonstrating a large deformation capacity.The twisting behavior and mechanical properties were investigated via a combination of finite-element simulation and experimental verification.An approximately linear relationship between the axial compressive strain and rotation angle was achieved before the strain reached 15% for the LPBF-processed CIT-compliant mechanism. | Jie Gao Dongdong Gu Chenglong Ma Donghua Dai Lixia Xi Kaijie Lin Tong Gao Jihong Zhu Yuexin Du | 2022 | Engineering2022，8，8： | 0 |
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