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| 1 | Cytokine production in patients with cirrhosis and TLR4 polymorphisms显示文摘AIM:To analyze the cytokine production by peripheral blood cells from cirrhotic patients with and without TLR4 D299G and/or T399I polymorphisms.METHODS:The study included nine patients with cirrhosis and TLR4 D299G and/or T399I polymorphisms,and 10 wild-type patients matched for age,sex and degree of liver failure.TLR4 polymorphisms were determined by sequence-based genotyping.Cytokine production by peripheral blood cells was assessed spontaneously and also after lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and lipoteichoic acid(LTA)stimulation.RESULTS:Patients with TLR4 polymorphisms had a higher incidence of previous hepatic encephalopathy than wild-type patients(78%vs 20%,P=0.02).Spontaneous production of interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-10 was lower in patients with TLR4 polymorphisms than in wild-type patients[IL-6:888.7(172.0-2119.3)pg/m L vs 5540.4(1159.2-26053.9)pg/m L,P<0.001;IL-10:28.7(6.5-177.1)pg/m L vs 117.8(6.5-318.1)pg/m L,P=0.02].However,the production of tumor necrosis factor-α,IL-6 and IL-10 after LPS and LTA stimulation was similar in the two groups.CONCLUSION:TLR4 polymorphisms were associated with a distinctive pattern of cytokine production in cirrhotic patients,suggesting that they play a role in the development of cirrhosis complications. | Juan Camilo Nieto Elisabet Sánchez Eva Román Silvia Vidal Laia Oliva Carlos Guarner-Argente Maria Poca Xavier Torras Cándido Juárez Carlos Guarner German Soriano | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，46： | 5 |
| 2 | Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphisms and bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis and ascites显示文摘AIM To assess the relationship between the presence of toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) polymorphisms and bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients with ascites. METHODS We prospectively included consecutive patients with cirrhosis and ascites hospitalized during a 6-year period. Patients with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection or any other immunodeficiency, patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(beyond Milan's criteria) or any other condition determining poor short-term prognosis, and patients with a permanent urinary catheter were excluded. The presence of D299 G and/or T399 I TLR4 polymorphisms was determined by sequencing and related to the incidence and probability of bacterial infections, other complications of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and mortality during follow-up. A multivariate analysis to identify predictive variables of mortality in the whole series was performed. RESULTS We included 258 patients: 28(10.8%) were carriers of D299G and/or T399I TLR4 polymorphisms(polymorphism group) and 230 patients were not(wildtype group). The probability of developing any bacterial infection at one-year follow-up was 78% in the polymorphism group and 69% in the wild-type group(P = 0.54). The one-year probability of presenting infections caused by gram-negative bacilli(51% vs 44%, P = 0.68), infections caused by gram-positive cocci(49% vs 40%, P = 0.53), and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(29% vs 34%, respectively, P = 0.99) did not differ between the two groups. The oneyear probability of transplant-free survival was 55% in the polymorphism group and 66% in the wild-type group(P = 0.15). Multivariate analysis confirmed that age, Child-Pugh score, active alcohol intake, previous hepatic encephalopathy, hepatocellular carcinoma and serum creatinine were associated with a higher risk of death during follow-up. CONCLUSION Genetic polymorphisms D299 G and/or T399 I of TLR4 do not seem to play a relevant role in the predisposition of cirrhotic patients with ascites to bacterial infections. | Edilmar Alvarado-Tapias Carlos Guarner-Argente Elida Oblitas Elisabet Sánchez Silvia Vidal Eva Román Mar Concepción Maria Poca Cristina Gely Oana Pavel Juan Camilo Nieto Cándido Juárez Carlos Guarner Germán Soriano | 2018 | World Journal of Hepatology2018，10，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Intestinal bacterial overgrowth and bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats with ascites显示文摘 | Carlos Guarner Bruce A. Runyon Sharon Young Mary Heck M.Yasin Sheikh | 1997 | Journal of Hepatology1997，，6： | 2 |
| 4 | Norfloxacin vs Ceftriaxone in the Prophylaxis of Infections in Patients With Advanced Cirrhosis and Hemorrhage显示文摘 | Javier Fernández Luis Ruiz del Arbol Cristina Gómez Rosa Durandez Regina Serradilla Carlos Guarner Ramón Planas Vicente Arroyo Miguel Navasa | 2006 | Gastroenterology2006，，4： | 2 |
| 5 | Modulation of the Activities of Catalase, Cu-Zn, Mn Superoxide Dismutase, and Glutathione Peroxidase in Adipocyte from Ovariectomised Female Rats with Metabolic Syndrome显示文摘 | Rebeca Cambray Guerra Alejandra Zu?iga-Mu?oz Verónica Guarner Lans Eulises Díaz-Díaz Carlos Alberto Tena Betancourt Israel Pérez-Torres Joseph R. Vasselli | 2014 | International Journal of Endocrinology2014，，： | 1 |
| 6 | Intestinal mucosal oxidative damage and bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats显示文摘 | Maite Chiva Carlos Guarner Carmen Peralta Teresa Llovet Gloria Gómez Germán Soriano Joaquín Balanzó | 2003 | European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology2003，，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Acute Hemodynamic Response to β-Blockers and Prediction of Long-term Outcome in Primary Prophylaxis of Variceal Bleeding显示文摘 | Càndid Villanueva Carles Aracil Alan Colomo Virginia Hernández–Gea Josep M. López–Balaguer Cristina Alvarez–Urturi Xavier Torras Joaquim Balanzó Carlos Guarner | 2009 | Gastroenterology2009，，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 without antioxidants does not decrease bacterial translocation in rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis显示文摘 | Germán Soriano Elisabet Sánchez Carlos Guarner | 2012 | Journal of Hepatology2012，，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Bacterial translocation and its consequences in patients with cirrhosis显示文摘 | Carlos Guarner Germán Soriano | 2005 | European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology2005，，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Acute Hemodynamic Response to β-Blockers and Prediction of Long-term Outcome in Primary Prophylaxis of Variceal Bleeding显示文摘 | Càndid Villanueva Carles Aracil Alan Colomo Virginia Hernández–Gea Josep M. López–Balaguer Cristina Alvarez–Urturi Xavier Torras Joaquim Balanzó Carlos Guarner | 2009 | Gastroenterology2009，，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Interleukin-6, and Nitric Oxide in Sterile Ascitic Fluid and Serum from Patients with Cirrhosis Who Subsequently Develop Ascitic Fluid Infection显示文摘 | José Such Donald J. Hillebrand Carlos Guarner Lee Berk Pedro Zapater Jim Westengard Carmen Peralta Germán Soriano James Pappas Bruce A. Runyon | 2001 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences2001，，11： | 1 |
| 12 | Intestinal bacterial overgrowth and bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats with ascites显示文摘 | Carlos Guarner Bruce A. Runyon Sharon Young Mary Heck M.Yasin Sheikh | 1997 | Journal of Hepatology1997，，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis显示文摘 | Carlos Guarner Germán Soriano | 1997 | Semin Liver Dis1997，，03： | 1 |
| 14 | 内镜真空(E-Vac)治疗用于右半结肠间置术重建食管后颈部食管回肠吻合口漏显示文摘Introduction Anastomotic leakage is considered the Achilles heel after oesophagogastric resection and its therapeutic management remains a challenge.Different endoscopic options,such a clips,stents,internal drainage,fibrin glue instillation,or suturing devices,have been suggested as minimally endoscopic therapies to treat these complications.Recently,the use of endoscopic vacuum(E-Vac)therapy has proven to be useful for the healing of these adverse events and some studies have even reported its superiority to other endoscopic devices[1].The E-Vac promotes the growth of granulation tissue and increases microcirculation while providing debridement of the cavity leak in each sponge replacement by continuous negative pressure.We describe an exceptional clinical scenario in which the use of the E-Vac allows the successful closure of a cervical oesophagoileostomy leakage and the resolution of a mediastinal abscess after an ileum and right-colon interposition for oesophageal replacement. | Sonia Fernández-Ananín Eulalia Ballester Carlos Guarner Argente Carmen Balague Eduard M.Targarona | 2020 | Gastroenterology Report2020，8，6： | 0 |
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