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| 1 | Neuroanatomy of lower gastrointestinal pain disorders显示文摘Chronic abdominal pain accompanying intestinal inflammation emerges from the hyperresponsiveness of neuronal,immune and endocrine signaling pathways within the intestines,the peripheral and the central nervous system.In this article we review how the sensory nerve information from the healthy and the hypersensitive bowel is encoded and conveyed to the brain.The gut milieu is continuously monitored by intrinsic enteric afferents,and an extrinsic nervous network comprising vagal,pelvic and splanchnic afferents.The extrinsic afferents convey gut stimuli to second order neurons within the superficial spinal cord layers.These neurons cross the white commissure and ascend in the anterolateral quadrant and in the ipsilateral dorsal column of the dorsal horn to higher brain centers,mostly subserving regulatory functions.Within the supraspinal regions and the brainstem,pathways descend to modulate the sensory input.Because of this multiple level control,only a small proportion of gut signals actually reaches the level of consciousness to induce sensation or pain.In inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)patients,however,long-term neuroplastic changes have occurred in the brain-gut axis which results in chronic abdominal pain.This sensitization may be driven on the one hand by peripheral mechanisms within the intestinal wall which encompasses an interplay between immunocytes,enterochromaffin cells,resident macrophages,neurons and smooth muscles.On the other hand,neuronal synaptic changes along with increased neurotransmitter release in the spinal cord and brain leads to a state of central wind-up.Also life factors such as but not limited to inflammation and stress contribute to hypersensitivity.All together,the degree to which each of these mechanisms contribute to hypersensitivity in IBD and IBS might be diseaseand even patient-dependent.Mapping of sensitization throughout animal and human studies may significantly improve our understanding of sensitization in IBD and IBS.On the long run,this knowledge can be put forward in potential therapeutic targets for abdominal pain in these conditions. | Wim Vermeulen Joris G De Man Paul A Pelckmans Benedicte Y De Winter | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，4： | 7 |
| 2 | Genetic organization and heterogeneity of the iceA locus of Helicobacter pylori显示文摘 | Céu Figueiredo Wim G.V Quint Ricardo Sanna Erwin Sablon John P Donahue Qing Xu Geraldine G Miller Richard M Peek Martin J Blaser Leen-Jan van Doorn | 2000 | Gene2000，，1： | 1 |
| 3 | The digestion of phosphate ore in phosphoric acid显示文摘 | Sietse van der S Yulia M Wim G J | 1987 | Ind Eng Chem Res1987，26，： | 1 |
| 4 | Rheology of mixtures of glutenin subfractions显示文摘 | AMATIA A TSIAMI A J WIM G M | 1997 | Journal of Cereal Science1997，26，： | 1 |
| 5 | Development of a lipase fermention process that uses a recombinant Psudomonas alcaligenes strain显示文摘 | GIJS G RONALD W J WIM J Q | 1998 | Appl Environ Microbio1998，64，7： | 1 |
| 6 | Purification,characterization, and partial covalent structure of Escherichia coli adhesive antigen K99 显示文摘 | Frits K G Per K Wim G | 1990 | Infect Immun1990，58，： | 1 |
| 7 | The role of alliance network redundancy in the creation of core and non-core technologies 显示文摘 | WIM V VICTOR G BONNIE B | 2009 | Journal of Management Studies2009，，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Molecular mechanism of anaerobic ammonium oxidation 显示文摘 | Kartal B Maalcke W J Almeida N M Cirpus I Gloerich J Wim Geerts Camp H J M O Harhangi H R Janssen-Megens E M Francoijs K-J Stunnenberg H G Keltjens J T Jetten M S M Strous M | 2011 | Nature2011，479，： | 1 |
| 9 | Sisal cellulose whiskers reinforced polyvinyl acetate nanocomposites显示文摘 | Nancy L G Wim T Alain D | 2006 | Cellulose2006，13，： | 1 |
| 10 | Comparison between a radiofrequency and direct current glow discharge in argon by a hybrid Monte Carlo-fluid model for electrons, argon ions and fast argon atoms 显示文摘 | Annemie B Renaat G Wim G | 1999 | Spectrochim Acta Part B1999，54，9： | 1 |
| 11 | Arcobacter, what is known and unknown about a potential foodborne zoonotic agent 显示文摘 | Hoa TKH Len JAL Wim G | 2006 | Veterinary Microbiology2006，115，： | 1 |
| 12 | Backfolding Applied to Differential Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry as a Mathematical Enhancement of Chromatographic Resolution显示文摘 | Pool Wim G Jan W De Leeuw Bastiaan Van De Graaf | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 13 | A backbone linker for BOC-based peptide synthesis and on-resin cyclization:synthesis of stylostatin 1显示文摘 | Bourne G wim DF Alewood PF | 1999 | J Org Chem1999，64，： | 1 |
| 14 | Automated Extraction of Pure Mass Spectra from Gas Chromatographic/Mass Spectrometric Data显示文摘 | Pool Wim G Jan W De Leeuw Bastiaan Van De Graaf | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 15 | The artificial bowel sphincter for faecal incontinence:a single centre study显示文摘 | Jarno Melenhorst Sacha M Wim G | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Development of a lipase Ibrmentation process that uses a recombinant Pseudomonas alcaligenes strain显示文摘 | Gijs G Ronald W J Wim J Q | 1998 | Appl Environ Microbiol1998，64，： | 1 |
| 17 | A critical review of Knowledge-Based Engineering:An identification of researchchallenges显示文摘 | WIM J C VER H PABLO B G | 2012 | Advanced Engineering Informatics2012，26，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Characterization of asphaltenes by nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis显示文摘 | Wim T Kok A J Mark G | 2011 | Energy & Fuels2011，25，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Review of measured crop water productivity values for irrigated wheat, rice, cotton and maize显示文摘 | Sander J Z Wim G M B | 2004 | Agricultural Water Management2004，69，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Structuring of edible oils by mixtures ofγ–Oryzanol withβ–Sitosterol or related phytosterols显示文摘 | Arjen Bot Wim G M Agterof | 2006 | JAOCS2006，83，51： | 1 |
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