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| 1 | Phylogenomic delineation of Physcomitrium (Bryophyta: Funariaceae) based on targeted sequencing of nuclear exons and their flanking regions rejects the retention of Physcomitrella, Physcomitridium and Aphanorrhegma显示文摘Selection on spore dispersal mechanisms in mosses is thought to shape the transformation of the sporophyte. The majority of extant mosses develop a sporangium that dehisces through the loss of an operculum, and regulates spore release through the movement of articulate teeth, the peristome, lining the capsule mouth. Such complexity was acquired by the Mesozoic Era, but was lost in some groups during subsequent diversification events, challenging the resolution of the affinities for taxa with reduced architectures. The Funariaceae are a cosmopolitan and diverse lineage of mostly annual mosses, and exhibit variable sporophyte complexities, spanning from long, exerted, operculate capsules with two rings of well‐developed teeth, to capsules immersed among maternal leaves, lacking a differentiated line of dehiscence (i.e., inoperculate) and without peristomes. The family underwent a rapid diversification, and the relationships of taxa with reduced sporophytes remain ambiguous. Here, we infer the relationships of five taxa with highly reduced sporophytes based on 648 nuclear loci (exons complemented by their flanking regions), based on inferences from concatenated data and concordance analysis of single gene trees. Physcomitrellopsis is resolved as nested within one clade of Entosthodon. Physcomitrella s. l., is resolved as a polyphyletic assemblage and, along with its putative relative Aphanorrhegma, nested within Physcomitrium. We propose a new monophyletic delineation of Physcomitrium, which accommodates species of Physcomitrella and Aphanorrhegma. The monophyly of Physcomitrium s. l. is supported by a small plurality of exons, but a majority of trees inferred from exons and their adjacent non‐coding regions. | Rafael Medina Matthew G. Johnson Yang Liu Norman J. Wickett A. Jonathan Shaw Bernard Goffinet | 2019 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2019，57，4： | 3 |
| 2 | Stability and solubility improvement of Sompoi(Acacia concinna Linn.) pod extract by topical microemulsion显示文摘The aim of this study was to enhance the solubility and stability of Acacia concinna extract by loading in a microemulsion for topical application. Both physical appearance and biological activities of the extract-loaded microemulsion were determined in comparison with the extract solution. Pseudoternary phase diagrams of three oil types including tea seed oil, grape seed oil, and sesame oil, together with polysorbate 85 or the mixture of polysorbate 85 and sorbitan oleate as surfactants, and absolute ethanol as a co-surfactant were constructed to optimize the microemulsion area. The selected microemulsion was then characterized for droplet size, polydispersity index, and viscosity. Tea seed oil exhibited the highest microemulsion area in the phase diagram because it had the highest unsaturated fatty acid content. The microemulsion composed of tea seed oil(5%), polysorbate 85(40%), ethanol(20%), and water(35%) exhibited Newtonian flow behavior with the droplet size and polydispersity index of 68.03 ± 1.09 nm and 0.44 ± 0.04, respectively. After 4% w/w of the extract was incorporated into the microemulsion, larger droplets size was observed(239.77 ± 12.69 nm)with a lower polydispersity index(0.37 ± 0.02). After storage in various conditions, both physical appearances and the stability of biological activity of the extract-loaded microemulsion were improved compared to the solution. Therefore, the A. concinna loaded microemulsion may be a promising carrier for further development into a topical formulation and clinical trials for pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical applications are also suggested. | Worrapan Poomanee Wantida Chaiyana R.Randall Wickett Pimporn Leelapornpisid | 2017 | Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences2017，12，4： | 2 |
| 3 | Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH显示文摘 | Caldeira K Wickett M E | 2003 | Nature2003，425，： | 1 |
| 4 | Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH 显示文摘 | Caldeira K Wickett M E | 2003 | Nature2003，425，： | 1 |
| 5 | Ocean model predictions of chemistry changes from carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere and ocean 显示文摘 | Caldeira K Wickett M E | 2005 | J Geophys Res2005，110，： | 1 |
| 6 | Oceanography:anthropogeniccarbon and ocean Ph显示文摘 | Caldeira K Wickett ME | 2003 | Nature2003，425，6956： | 1 |
| 7 | Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH显示文摘 | Caldeira K Wickett M E | | 0，，425： | 1 |
| 8 | Combined climate and carbon-cycle effects oflargescale deforestation 显示文摘 | Bala G Caldeira K Wickett M | 2007 | PNAS2007，104，： | 1 |
| 9 | Ancestral polyploidy in seed plants and angiosperms显示文摘 | Jiao Y Wickett N J Ayyampalayam S | 2011 | Nature2011，473，7345： | 1 |
| 10 | Relationships between factors of intelligence and brain volume显示文摘 | Wickett JC Vernon PA Lee DH | 2000 | Personality and Individual Differences2000，29，： | 1 |
| 11 | Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH显示文摘 | Caldeira K Wickett M E | 2003 | Nature2003，425，： | 1 |
| 12 | Hydrolytic enzymes of the interfollicular epidermis differ in expression and correlate with the phenotypic difference observed between light and dark skin显示文摘 | Ebanks JP Koshoffer A Wickett RR | 2013 | J Dermatol2013，40，1： | 1 |
| 13 | De novo characterization of the gametophyte transcriptome in bracken fern, Pteridium aquili?num显示文摘 | DerJ D Barker M S Wickett NJ | 2011 | BMC Genomics2011，12，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Transcrip- tomes of the parasitic plant family orobanchaceae reveal surprising conservation of chlorophyll synthesis显示文摘 | Wickett N J Honaas L A Wafula E K | 2011 | Cur- rent Biology2011，21，24： | 1 |
| 15 | Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH显示文摘 | Caldeira K Wickett M E | 2003 | Nature2003，425，： | 1 |
| 16 | Effect of oral intake of cholinestabilized orthosilicic acid on hair tensile strength and morphology in women with fine hair显示文摘 | Wickett RR Kossmann E Barel A | 2007 | Arch Dermatol Res2007，299，10： | 1 |
| 17 | Effect of dermal thickness,tissue composition,and body site on skin biomechanical properties显示文摘 | Smalls LK Randall Wickett R Visscher MO | 2006 | Skin Res Technol2006，12，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH显示文摘 | CALDEIRA K WICKETT M E | 2003 | Nature2003，425，： | 1 |
| 19 | Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH显示文摘 | Caldeira K Wickett M E | 2004 | Nature2004，425，： | 1 |
| 20 | Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH 显示文摘 | Caldeira K Wickett M E | 2003 | Nature2003，425，： | 1 |
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