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| 1 | Biochar and Compost Increase Crop Yields but the Effect is Short Term on Sandplain Soils of Western Australia显示文摘Sandplain soils on the south coast of Western Australia have low inherent fertility, which is mainly due to poor nutrient retention caused by insufficient clay and organic colloidal material. Previous research has shown the benefits in nutrient levels and retention from adding clay to sandplain soils; however, there is almost no information on the addition of organic amendments. A field experiment was established at the Esperance Downs Research Station, Western Australian, in May 2010, to assess the effects of wheat straw(WS) and chicken manure(CM) biochars and compost with and without phosphorus(P) addition on soil properties and crop production over five growing seasons. The five seasons alternated between winter and summer crops. The CM and WS biochar and compost treatments significantly increased crop yields and P uptake in 3, 2 and 1 of the five seasons, respectively. The yield increases(P < 0.05) were no more than 8%. By the end of the third season, no differences in crop yields were found that could be attributed to the organic amendments. The addition of P increased crop yields in each winter cropping season. Phosphorus addition explained more than 30%of the variation in crop yields. Despite marginal P levels and summer drought conditions, arbuscular mycorrhizal root colonisation was not affected by the organic amendments. There were no significant interactions between the organic amendments and P addition in terms of crop yields, P uptake or P uptake efficiency. We conclude that much of the effect of the organic amendments was due to direct nutrient addition which dissipated over time. | David J.M.HALL Richard W.BELL | 2015 | Pedosphere2015，25，5： | 6 |
| 2 | Anastomotic leakage after curative anterior resection results in a higher prevalence of local recurrence显示文摘 | S. W.Bell K. G.Walker M. J. F. X.Rickard G.Sinclair O. F.Dent P. H.Chapuis E. L.Bokey | 2003 | Br J Surg2003，，10： | 1 |
| 3 | Unit Roots in Time Series Models:Tests Implications显示文摘 | Dickey David W.Bell R.Miller | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 4 | 拉斯维加斯谷地下水开采引起的地面沉降和地裂缝显示文摘美国西南干旱半干旱地区人口增长非常快。水不仅要满足基本的需求(饮用水、污水系统等),而且还要维持乡村潮湿地区生活方式的改变(郊区的草地、高尔夫球场、庭院的游泳池等)。这些水的使用,既能满足供水系统所在区域地表水供水的需求,又可以满足最基本的地下水开采。然而,地下水的开采对沉积含水层有不利的影响,这些含水层是特有的沙漠区地下水流域的承载。这些影响包括含水层不同程度的压实、旧断层的重新复活、地表的裂缝,还能对人为的基础设施有相当大的影响。 | John W.Bell 吴洪涛(翻译) 葛秀珍(校对) | 2006 | 水文地质工程地质技术方法动态2006，，6： | 0 |
| 5 | Gestational heat stress alters skeletal muscle gene expression profiles and vascularity in fetal pigs in a sexually dimorphic manner显示文摘Background: There is evidence that sow heat stress(HS) during gestation affects fetal development with implications for impaired muscle growth. We have previously demonstrated that maternal HS during early to midgestation compromised muscle fibre hyperplasia in developing fetal pigs. Thus, we hypothesised these phenotypic changes are associated with a change in expression of genes regulating fetal skeletal muscle development and metabolism. To test this, at d 60 of gestation, RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry were performed on fetal longissimus dorsi(LD) muscle biopsies collected from pregnant gilts that had experienced either thermoneutral control(CON, 20 ℃, n = 7 gilts, 18 LD samples) or controlled HS(cyclic 28 to 33 ℃, n = 8 gilts, 23 LD samples)conditions for 3 weeks.Results: A total of 282 genes were differentially expressed between the HS and CON groups in female LD muscles(false discovery rate(FDR) ≤ 0.05), whereas no differentially expressed genes were detected in male LD muscles between the two groups(FDR > 0.05). Gestational HS increased the expression of genes associated with transcription corepressor activity, adipogenesis cascades, negative regulation of angiogenesis and pro-inflammatory signalling in female LD muscles. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed a decreased muscle vascularity density in fetuses from HS group for both sexes compared to those from the CON group(P = 0.004).Conclusions: These results reveal gilt HS during early to mid-gestation altered gene expression profiles in fetal LD muscles in a sexually dimorphic manner. The molecular responses, including transcription and angiogenesis repressions and enhanced adipogenesis cascades, were exclusively observed in females. However, the associated reductions in muscle vascularity were observed independently of sexes. Collectively this may indicate female fetal pigs are more adaptive to gestational HS in terms of gene expression changes, and/or there may be sexually dimorphic differences with respect to the timing of muscle molecular responses to gestational HS. | Weicheng Zhao Mark P.Green Christina D.Marth Fan Liu Hieu H.Le Gordon S.Lynch Alan W.Bell Brian J.Leury Frank R.Dunshea Jeremy J.Cottrell | 2022 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2022，13，6： | 0 |
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