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| 1 | Childhood stressful events, HPA axis and anxiety disorders显示文摘Anxiety disorders are among the most common of all mental disorders and their pathogenesis is a major topic in psychiatry, both for prevention and treatment. Early stressful life events and alterations of hypothalamic pituitary adrenal(HPA) axis function seem to have a significant role in the onset of anxiety. Existing data appear to support the mediating effect of the HPA axis between childhood traumata and posttraumatic stress disorder. Findings on the HPA axis activity at baseline and after stimuli in panic disordered patients are inconclusive, even if stressful life events may have a triggering function in the development of this disorder. Data on the relationship between stress, HPA axis functioning and obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) are scarce and discordant, but an increased activity of the HPA axis is reported in OCD patients. Moreover, normal basal cortisol levels and hyperresponsiveness of the adrenal cortex during a psychosocial stressor are observed in social phobics. Finally,abnormal HPA axis activity has also been observed in generalized anxiety disordered patients. While several hypothesis have attempted to explain these findings over time, currently the most widely accepted theory is that early stressful life events may provoke alterations of the stress response and thus of the HPA axis, that can endure during adulthood, predisposing individuals to develop psychopathology. All theories are reviewed and the authors conclude that childhood life events and HPA abnormalities may be specifically and transnosographically related to all anxiety disorders, as well as, more broadly, to all psychiatric disorders. | Carlo Faravelli Carolina Lo Sauro Lucia Godini Lorenzo Lelli Laura Benni Francesco Pietrini Lisa Lazzeretti Gabriela Alina Talamba Giulia Fioravanti Valdo Ricca | 2012 | World Journal of Psychiatry2012，2，1： | 3 |
| 2 | Adiponectin affects the mechanical responses in strips from the mouse gastric fundus显示文摘AIM To investigate whether the adipocytes derived hormone adiponectin(ADPN) affects the mechanical responses in strips from the mouse gastric fundus. METHODS For functional experiments, gastric strips from the fundal region were cut in the direction of the longitudinal muscle layer and placed in organ baths containing KrebsHenseleit solution. Mechanical responses were recorded via force-displacement transducers, which were coupled to a polygraph for continuous recording of isometric tension. Electrical field stimulation(EFS) was applied via two platinum wire rings through which the preparation was threaded. The effects of ADPN were investigated on the neurally-induced contractile and relaxant responses elicited by EFS. The expression of ADPN receptors, Adipo-R1 and Adipo-R2, was also evaluated by touchdown-PCR analysis. RESULTS In the functional experiments, EFS(4-16 Hz) elicited tetrodotoxin(TTX)-sensitive contractile responses. Addition of ADPN to the bath medium caused a reduction in amplitude of the neurally-induced contractile responses(P < 0.05). The effects of ADPN were no longer observed in the presence of the nitric oxide(NO) synthesis inhibitor L-NG-nitro arginine(L-NNA)(P > 0.05). The direct smooth muscle response to methacholine was not influenced by ADPN(P > 0.05). In carbachol precontracted strips and in the presence of guanethidine, EFS induced relaxant responses. Addition of ADPN to the bath medium, other than causing a slight and progressive decay of the basal tension, increased the amplitude of the neurally-induced relaxant responses(P < 0.05). Touchdown-PCR analysis revealed the expression of both Adipo-R1 and Adipo-R2 in the gastric fundus.CONCLUSION The results indicate for the first time that ADPN is able to influence the mechanical responses in strips from the mouse gastric fundus. | Eglantina Idrizaj Rachele Garella Giovanni Castellini Hermine Mohr Natalia S Pellegata Fabio Francini Valdo Ricca Roberta Squecco Maria Caterina Baccari | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，35： | 2 |
| 3 | Nutrient flows and management of a small watershed显示文摘 | Valdo Kuusemets ülo Mander | 2002 | Landscape Ecology2002，，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Simultaneous determination of the lactone and carboxylate forms of the camptothecin derivative CPT-11 and its metabolite SN-38 in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography显示文摘 | Daniel F. Chollet Laurent Goumaz Alain Renard Guy Montay Laurent Vernillet Valdo Arnera David J. Mazzo | 1998 | Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications1998，，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Nutrient run off dynamics in a rural catchment:influence of land-use changes,Climatic fluctuations and ecotechnological measures显示文摘 | Mander U Ain K Valdo K | 2000 | Ecological Engineering2000，，14： | 1 |
| 6 | Enhanced expression of NGF receptors in multiple sclerosis lesions 显示文摘 | Valdo P Stegagno C Mazzucco S | 2002 | J Neuropathol Exp Neurol2002，61，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Nutrient runoff dynamics in a rural catchment: influence of land-use changes, climate fluctuations and ecotechnologieal measures显示文摘 | Mander U Ain K Valdo K | 2000 | Ecological Engineering2000，14，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Experimentally constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment in Estonia显示文摘 | MANDER ULO KUUSEMETS VALDO OOVEL Mart | 2000 | Journal of Environmental Science and Health2000，35，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Genotoxic studies in hypertensive and normotensive rats treated with amiodarone显示文摘 | Mara Ribeiro Almeida Estela de Oliveira Lima Valdo José Dias da Silva Mateus Gandra Campos Lusania M.G. Antunes Ana Karina Dias Salman Francisca L. Dias | 2008 | MutRes-Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis2008，，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Efficiency and dimensioning of riparian buffer zones in agricultural catchments显示文摘 | ülo Mander Valdo Kuusemets Krista L?hmus T?nu Mauring | 1997 | Ecological Engineering1997，，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Purification processes, ecological functions, planning and design of riparian buffer zones in agricultural watersheds 显示文摘 | ULO M YOSHIHIKO H VALDO K | 2005 | Ecol Eng2005，24，： | 1 |
| 12 | Paracrine sonic hedgehog Signailing by prostate cancer ceils induces osteoblast differentiation 显示文摘 | Zunieh SM Doughs T Valdo riIxm M | 2009 | Mol Cancer2009，8，： | 1 |
| 13 | Influence of sodium fumarate addition on tureen fermentation in vitro 显示文摘 | L6PEZ S VALDOS C NEWBOLD C J | 1999 | British Journal of Nutrition1999，81，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Tumor necrosis factor alpha and human schwann cellssignalling and phenotype modulantion without cell death显示文摘 | BONETTI B VALDO P STAGAGRO C | 2000 | Neuropathol Exp Neurol2000，59，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Eight false negative sentinel node procedures in breast cancer: what went wrong? 显示文摘 | Estourgie SH Nieweg OE ValdOs Olmos RA | 2003 | Eur J Surg Oncol2003，29，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Spatial filter for increasing the depth of focus 显示文摘 | Ojeda Castaneda J Berriel Valdos L R Montes E | 1985 | Optics Letters(S0146-9592)1985，10，11： | 1 |
| 17 | Nutrient runoff dynamics in rural catchment :influnence of land use changes, climatic fluctuations and eco - technological mersures显示文摘 | MANDER U AIN K VALDO K | 2000 | Ecological Engineering2000，214，： | 1 |
| 18 | Pricing and Hedging Spread Options显示文摘 | Carmona Rene Valdo D | 2003 | Sian Review 20032003，4，： | 1 |
| 19 | Tumor necrosis factor alpha and human Schwann cells: signalling and phenotype modulation without cell death显示文摘 | Valdo P Stegagno C | 2000 | J Neuropathol Exp Neurol2000，59，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Nutrient runoff dynamics in a rural catchment:influence of land-use changes,climatic fluctuations and eco-technological measures显示文摘 | Mander U Valdo K | 2000 | Ecological Engineering2000，14，： | 1 |
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