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| 1 | Mechanism of the Spring Persistent Rains over southeastern China显示文摘The Spring Persistent Rains (SPR) in the areas to the south of middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River or over southeastern China (SEC) is a unique synoptic and climatic phenomenon in East Asia. This study reveals a possible mechanism responsible for the climatic cause of SPR formation through climatic mean data analysis and sensitive numerical model experiments. SEC is located at the down-stream of the southwesterly velocity center (SWVC) which lies on the southeastern flank of the Tibetan Plateau (TP). As a result, there are strong southwesterly wind velocity convergence and moisture con-vergence over SEC. This is the immediate climatic cause of SPR formation. In spring, the seasonal evolution of the southwesterly velocity consists with the surface sensible heating over southeastern TP, indicating that the formation of SPR is related to not only the southwesterly wind of mechanical de-flected flow of TP, but also the southwesterly wind of thermal-forced cyclonic low circulation. Sensitive numerical experiments demonstrate that, without TP, both SWVC and the SPR rain belt will disappear. The southwesterly wind velocity increases almost linearly with the amount of the total diabatic heating with TP rising. Therefore, SWVC is the result of the mechanical forcing and thermal forcing of TP. All these strongly suggest that the presence of TP plays a primary role in the climatic formation of SPR. | WAN RiJin1,2,3 & WU GuoXiong1 1 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Mechanicals (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 2 Guangdong Climate and Agrometeorology Center, Guangzhou 510080, China 3 Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meterological Administration, Shanghai 200030, China | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，1： | 34 |
| 2 | Influence of atmospheric heat sources over the Tibetan Plateau and the tropical western North Pacific on the inter-decadal variations of the stratosphere-troposphere exchange of water vapor显示文摘This study investigates the Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange(STE) of water vapor,emphasizes its interdecadal variations over Asia in boreal summer,and discusses the influences of atmospheric heat sources over the Tibetan Plateau and the tropical western North Pacific(WNP) on them by using the Wei method with reanalysis data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) for the years of 1958-2001.The climatology shows that the upward transport of water vapor across the tropopause in boreal summer is the most robust over the joining area of the South Asian Peninsula and Indian-Pacific Oceans(defined as AIPO).The upward transport over there can persistently convey the abundant water vapor into the stratosphere and then influence the distribution and variation of the stratospheric water vapor.The analysis shows that interdecadal variations of the water vapor exchange over the AIPO are significant,and its abrupt change occurred in the mid-1970s and the early 1990s.In these three periods,as important channels of the water vapor exchange,the effect of Bay of Bengal-East Asia as well as South China Sea was gradually weakening,while the role of the WNP becomes more and more important.Further studies show that atmospheric heat sources over the Tibetan Plateau and the WNP are two main factors in determining the interdecadal variations of water vapor exchange.The thermal influences over the Tibetan Plateau and the WNP have been greatly adjusted over the pass 44 years.Their synthesis influences the interdecadal variations of the water vapor exchange by changing the Asian summer monsoon,but their roles vary with time and regions.Especially after 1992,the influence of heat source over the Tibetan Plateau remarkably weakens,while the heat source over the WNP dominates the across-tropopause water vapor exchange.Results have important implications for understanding the transport of other components in the atmosphere and estimating the impact of human activities(emission) on global climate. | ZHAN RuiFen1,2&LI JianPing2 1Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration,Shanghai 200030,China 2State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG),Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，8： | 11 |
| 3 | Research on the dry intrusion accompanying the low vortex precipitation显示文摘By employing the 6.7μm satellite vapor cloud images and NCEP/NCAR 1°×1° reanalysis datasets, the characteristics and mechanism of the dry intrusion, as well as its impacts on the low vortex precipita- tion at the Meiyu front are explored in this paper. It is found that the formation,development and main- tenance of the low vortex precipitation at the Meiyu front are closely related to the evolution of the dry intrusion. The dry intrusion is characterized by high potential vorticity (PV), low humidity and cold air. The dry intrusion exhibits as an obvious dark zone on vapor cloud images, an area in which atmos- pheric relative humidity is lower than 60%. However, the features of the dry intrusion on the vapor im- ages are clearer than that of the humidity field, for the former is the digital vapor cloud images with high temporal and spatial resolution, and it can be used to explore the finer characteristics of the develop- ment, evolution and supplement of the intrusion during the development of the low vortex. The dry intrusion impacts accompanying the low vortex precipitation at the Meiyu front come from all levels of the troposphere, with the strongest intrusion located at the upper troposphere. The dry and cold air intrudes the vicinity of the low vortex from the upper isentropic surface to the lower one, slanting eastward from lower to higher level. The low vortex precipitation region is usually situated in front of the dry intrusion where the relative humidity gradient is higher. The research also reveals that the mechanism of the dry intrusion is that the high potential vorticity descends from the upper troposphere to the lower level, therefore, the dry intrusion can be used as an important index of the high PV forcing. To the west of the low vortex precipitation, the upper level northerlies descend across the isentropic surface, then the dry cold advection can trigger the instable development in the mid-low troposphere. The dry intrusion enhances the low vortex precipitation. Meanwhile, because of the good agreement between the high PV at the upper level and the dry intrusion illustrated by the vapor cloud images, the dry intrusion in the vapor cloud images is the direct and clear description of the high PV forcing which provides a new insight in understanding the evolution and development of the practical weather sys- tems. Besides, both the skills of isentropic analysis and potential temperature coordinates system analysis are important to revealing the three-dimension structure of the dry intrusion. | YAO XiuPing1,2,3, WU GuoXiong1, ZHAO BingKe4, YU YuBin3 & YANG GuiMing2,5 1 LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 2 Institute of Heavy Rain, China Meteorological Administration, Wuhan 430074, China 3 China Meteorological Administration Training Center, Beijing 100081, China 4 Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration, Shanghai 200030, China 5 National Meteorological Center of the China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，9： | 11 |
| 4 | An ocean-land-atmosphere coupled model for tropical cyclone landfall processes: The multi-layer ocean model and its verification显示文摘POM (Princeton ocean model) tentatively taken as the ocean part of an ocean-land-atmosphere coupled model is verified for the ultimate purpose of studying the landfall process of tropical cyclone (TC) in the western North Pacific. The POM is tested with monthly mean wind stress in the summer and given lateral boundary conditions. The results indicate that the equilibrium state of the ocean is in accordance with the climate mean, with the error in sea surface temperature (salinity) less than 0.5 ℃ (0.5). The simulated ocean currents are reasonable as well.Several numerical experiments are designed to verify the oceanic response to a stationary or moving TC. It is found that the results agree fairly well with the previous work, including both the drop magnitude and the distribution of sea temperature. Compared with the simple two-layer ocean model used by some other studies, the response of the ocean to a TC is more logical here. The model is also verified in a real case with a TC passing the neighborhood of a buoy station. It is shown that the established ocean model can basically reproduce the sea surface temperature change as observed. | DUAN Yihong1*, YU Runling1, LI Yongping11. Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration, Shanghai 200030, ChinaReceived 14 May 2005 accepted 2 November 2005 | 2006 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2006，25，2： | 5 |
| 5 | Three-dimensional decomposition method of global atmospheric circulation显示文摘By adopting the idea of three-dimensional Walker, Hadley and Rossby stream functions, the global atmospheric circulation can be considered as the sum of three stream functions from a global per- spective. Therefore, a mathematical model of three-dimensional decomposition of global atmospheric circulation is proposed and the existence and uniqueness of the model are proved. Besides, the model includes a numerical method leading to no truncation error in the discrete three-dimensional grid points. Results also show that the three-dimensional stream functions exist and are unique for a given velocity field. The mathematical model shows the generalized form of three-dimensional stream func- tions equal to the velocity field in representing the features of atmospheric motion. Besides, the vertical velocity calculated through the model can represent the main characteristics of the vertical motion. In sum, the three-dimensional decomposition of atmospheric circulation is convenient for the further in- vestigation of the features of global atmospheric motions. | LIU HaiTao1,2,3, HU ShuJuan4, XU Ming5 & CHOU JiFan6,7 1 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 3 Beijing Climate Center, Beijing 100089, China 4 Department of Mathematics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China 5 Shanghai Typhoon Institute, Shanghai 200030, China 6 Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China 7 China Meteorological Administration Training Center, Beijing 100089, China | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，3： | 3 |
| 6 | An assessment of 40Ar/39Ar dating for the whole-rock volcanic samples from the Luzon Arc near Taiwan显示文摘 | Lo Ching-Hua Onstott Tullis C Chen Chang-Hwa Lee Typhoon | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 7 | A double island arc between Taiwan and Luxon:consequence of ridge subduction显示文摘 | Yang Tsanyao F Lee Typhoon Chen Cheng-Hong Cheng Shih-Nan Knittel U Punongbayan R S Rasdas A R | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Nd-Sr-O isotopic evidence for source contamination and an unusual mantle component under Luzon Arc显示文摘 | Chen Chang-Hwa Shieh Yuch-Ning Lee Typhoon Chen Cheng-Hong and Mertzman S A | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 9 | Rb-Sr isotopic study of andesites from LuTao,LanHsu and Hsiao Lanhsu:Eruption ages and isotopic heterogeneity显示文摘 | Lan Ching-Ying Shen J J S Lee Typhoon | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 10 | The effect of the horizontal structure for symmetric tropical cyclones on their movement显示文摘In this paper, using Holland’s method, the effect of the horizontal structure of tropical cyclones on their motion is investigated. The 'characteristic radius', r0 characterized as the horizontal structure of a tropical cyclone,in which m and p are the parameters of the vortex, has been found by the author. And then it has been shown that there is but one 'characteristic radius' for each cyclone with horizontal structure. Two direct analytic solutions for the uniform and non-uniform basic flows in steady situations are presented with rc Results show that the change in the horizontal structure of the tropical cyclone itself will have obvious effect on the cyclone motion, on both its direction and speed. Therefore it must be considered in the research on the tropical cyclone motion. | Hu Guangxing Shanghai Typhoon Institute, Shanghai, China | 1989 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica1989，8，1： | 0 |
| 11 | The computation of maximum wind speeds of typhoon显示文摘-At present, it is still difficult to obtain an accurate maximum wind speed of typhoon with modern means,such as satellite survey , radar tracing and airplane reconnaissance. The performance of statistical equation established with observational maximum wind speed and the central pressure of typhoon is unstable ,and it is unreliable in operational use. Therefore a general pressure field model of typhoon is introduced in this paper based on atmospheric motion equations and formulas are derived for computing the maximum wind speed around typhoon center over sea surface . The theoretical curves derived from these formulas are in good agreement with those using the statistic empirical curves of typhoon pressure-wind relations over the western Pacific. Tests were conducted for typhoons which occurred in 1973 and in 1983 and the strongest typhoons selected each year during 1970 and 1978,the results were satisfactory. Meanwhile the analyses of computing results showed that the effect of Coriolis force could | Chen Kongmo and Qin Zenghao Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, China Shanghai Typhoon Institute, Shanghai, China | 1990 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica1990，9，1： | 0 |
| 12 | Nolinear waves and their barotropic stability in the tropical ocean and atmosphere显示文摘In this paper, the nonlinear waves and their barotropic stability in the tropical ocean and atmosphere are studied with the qualitative theory of the ordinary differential equation. The relationship is derived between the stability of nonlinear waves with different frequencies and the basic currents and their horizontal shear in the tropical ocean and atmosphere. | Liu Qinyu and Qin Zenghao Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao, China Shanghai Typhoon Institute, Shanghai, China | 1990 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica1990，9，3： | 0 |
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