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| 1 | Dysfunctional stem and progenitor cells impair fracture healing with age显示文摘Successful fracture healing requires the simultaneous regeneration of both the bone and vasculature;mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are directed to replace the bone tissue, while endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) form the new vasculature that supplies blood to the fracture site. In the elderly, the healing process is slowed, partly due to decreased regenerative function of these stem and progenitor cells. MSCs from older individuals are impaired with regard to cell number, proliferative capacity, ability to migrate, and osteochondrogenic differentiation potential. The proliferation, migration and function of EPCs are also compromised with advanced age. Although the reasons for cellular dysfunction with age are complex and multidimensional, reduced expression of growth factors, accumulation of oxidative damage from reactive oxygen species, and altered signaling of the Sirtuin-1 pathway are contributing factors to aging at the cellular level of both MSCs and EPCs. Because of these geriatric-specific issues, effective treatment for fracture repair may require new therapeutic techniques to restore cellular function. Some suggested directions for potential treatments include cellular therapies, pharmacological agents, treatments targeting age-related molecular mechanisms, and physical therapeutics. Advanced age is the primary risk factor for a fracture, due to the low bone mass and inferior bone quality associated with aging;a better understanding of the dysfunctional behavior of the aging cell will provide a foundation for new treatments to decrease healing time and reduce the development of complications during the extended recovery from fracture healing in the elderly. | Diane R Wagner Sonali Karnik Zachary J Gunderson Jeffery J Nielsen Alanna Fennimore Hunter J Promer Jonathan W Lowery M Terry Loghmani Philip S Low Todd O McKinley Melissa A Kacena Matthias Clauss Jiliang Li | 2019 | World Journal of Stem Cells2019，11，6： | 3 |
| 2 | 建立初级卒中中心的修订和更新意见来自脑卒中联盟的总结声明显示文摘背景和目的自从2000年脑卒中联盟发布首份关于建立初级卒中中心的推荐意见以来,初级卒中中心的组建和认证工作已出现迅速发展。本文的目的在于修订和更新我们关于初级卒中中心的推荐意见以反映最新资料和经验。方法我们使用MEDLINE和PubMed数据库回顾了相关文献(2000年3月至2011年1月),主要针对急性卒中的诊断、治疗和护理。如果发现有效且相关,同样对原始文献、汇总分析和其他治疗指南进行回顾并纳入分析。标明证据等级以反映当前指南发展的实际情况。结果基于文献回顾以及针对初级卒中中心的经验,一些要素的重要性已得到进一步的加强,同时增加了几个新的领域。这些内容包括:(1)急诊卒中团队的重要性;(2)配备遥测监控的卒中单元的重要性;(3)MRj和弥散加权序列进行脑成像的实施;(4)用磁共振血管成像或CT血管成像对脑血管系统进行评价;(5)心脏影像学检查;(6)康复治疗的早期启动;(7)由独立机构进行的认证,包括实地考察和疾病评价指标。结论基于上述证据,初级卒中中心的某些要素对于改善急性卒中患者的诊治特别重要。其他要素则集中于脑、脑血管系统和心脏的影像学检查。这些新的要素也许能改善在初级卒中中心接受诊治的卒中患者的治疗和转归。 | Mark J. Alberts Richard E. Latchaw Andy Jagoda Lawrence R Wechsler Todd Crocco Mary G. George E.S. Connolly Barbara Mancini Stephen Prudhomme Daryl Gress Mary E. Jensen Robert Bass Robert Ruff Kathy Foell Rocco A. Armonda Marian Emr Margo Warren Jim Baranski Michael D. Walker 黄志超(译) 张霞(译) 尤寿江(译) 曹勇军(译) 刘春风(译) | 2012 | 国际脑血管病杂志2012，20，7： | 3 |
| 3 | Dietary approaches following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: A survey of selected endoscopists显示文摘AIM: To describe the dietary recommendations of experienced endoscopists for patients who have undergone endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and the factors that influence these recommendations. METHODS: Selected U.S. endoscopists with ERCP experience were surveyed by e-mail. A questionnaire with three hypothetical ERCP cases of patients at low, medium and high risk for development of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) was shown. For each scenario, respondents were asked to recommend a post-procedure diet and time to first oral intake. Respondents were also asked about the effect of various clinical factors on their recommendations, including risk of PEP.RESULTS: 97/187 selected ASGE members (51.9%) responded. When risk of PEP was either low, medium or high, 53%, 88% and 96% recommended a diet of clear liquids/NPO respectively, and 2%, 5% and 18% recommended delaying first oral intake until the following day. About 88% of respondents gave the same type of diet to patients at high as those with moderate-risk of PEP (P = 0.04). However, 37% and 43% of respondents gave different types of diet to patients at low vs moderate-risk and low-risk vs high-risk of PEP respectively (P < 0.001). No statistically significant associations were found regarding the effect of other clinical factors or respondent demographics.CONCLUSION: Most experienced endoscopists limit diet to NPO/clear liquids after ERCP for patients at high or moderate risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis. About half allow a low-fat or regular diet in patients at low risk. | Lincoln EVVC Ferreira Mark D Topazian William S Harmsen Alan R Zinsmeister Todd H Baron | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2010，2，12： | 3 |
| 4 | Sulfate adsorption and desorption reversibility in a variety of forest soils 显示文摘 | Harrison R B Johnson D W Todd D E | 1989 | J Environ Qual1989，18，： | 2 |
| 5 | A simple method to retrieve 3 hourly estimates of global tropical and subtropical precipitation from International Satellite Cloud Climatology Program (ISCCP) D1 data显示文摘 | Todd M R Washington | 1999 | J Atmos Ocean Technol1999，16，： | 2 |
| 6 | Stability of fruit quality traits in diverse watermelon cultivars tested in multiple environments显示文摘Lycopene is a naturally occurring red carotenoid compound that is found in watermelon.Lycopene has antioxidant properties.Lycopene content,sugar content and hollowheart resistance are subject to significant genotype×environment interaction(G×E),which makes breeding for these fruit quality traits difficult.The objectives of this study were to(i)evaluate the influence of years and locations on lycopene content,sugar content and hollowheart resistance for a set of watermelon genotypes,and(ii)identify genotypes with high stability for lycopene,sugar,and hollowheart resistance.A diverse set of 40 genotypes was tested over 3 years and 8 locations across the southern United States in replicated,multi-harvest trials.Lycopene was tested in a subset of 10 genotypes.Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate stability statistics(BLUP-GGE biplot)using SASGxE and RGxE programs.There were strong effects of environment as well as G×E interaction on watermelon quality traits.On the basis of stability measures,genotypes were classified as stable or unstable for each quality trait.'Crimson Sweet'is an inbred line with high quality trait performance as well as trait stability.'Stone Mountain','Tom Watson','Crimson Sweet'and'Minilee'were among the best genotypes for lycopene content,sugar content and hollowheart resistance.We developed a stability chart based on marketable yield and average ranking generated from different stability measures for yield attributes and quality traits.The chart will assist in choosing parents for improvement of watermelon cultivars.See http://gffzz783b6e01a04243c3h6q99wqcuok656nxo.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/cucurbit/wmelon/wmelonmain.html. | Mahendra Dia Todd C Wehner Penelope Perkins-Veazie Richard Hassell Daniel S Price George E Boyhan Stephen M Olson Stephen R King Angela R Davis Gregory E Tolla Jerome Bernier Benito Juarez | 2016 | Horticulture Research2016，3，1： | 2 |
| 7 | Improved automatic discovery of subgoals for options in hierarchical reinforcement learning 显示文摘 | R Matthew Kretchmar Todd Feil Rohit Bansal | 2003 | Journal of Computer Science and Technology (S1000-9000)2003，3，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Dust-storm source areas determined by the total ozone monitoring spectrometer and surface observations显示文摘 | Washington R Todd M Middleton N J | 2003 | Annals of the Association of American Geographers2003，93，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Organizational demography : the difference effects of age and tenure distributions on technical communication 显示文摘 | Zenger Todd R Barbara S Lawrence | 1989 | Academy of Management Journal1989，32，： | 1 |
| 10 | Engineering a simple, efficient code generator generator 显示文摘 | CHRISTOPER W F DAVID R H TODD A P | 1992 | ACM Letters on Programming Languages and Systems1992，1，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Induction from self-selected concordances and self-correction 显示文摘 | Todd R | 2001 | System2001，，29： | 1 |
| 12 | A study of chemical aging effects on HDD Fe-zeolite SCR catalyst显示文摘 | Silver R G Stefanick M O Todd B I | 2008 | Catalysis Today2008，72，： | 1 |
| 13 | Cell cycle dysregulation in oral cancer显示文摘 | Todd R Hinds PW Munger K | 2002 | Crit Rev Oral Biol Med2002，13，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Relationship between wear rate,surface pullout and microstructure during abrasive wear of alumina and alumina/SiC nanocomposites显示文摘 | MERINO J O L TODD R I | 2005 | Acta Materialia2005，53，12： | 1 |
| 15 | Performance characteristics for the quantitation of plasma HIV-1 RNA using branched DNA signal amplification technology 显示文摘 | Todd J Pachl C White R | 1995 | J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol1995，10，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Molecular biology of human oral cancer 显示文摘 | Wong DT Todd R Tsuji T | 1996 | Crit Rev Oral Biol Med1996，7，： | 1 |
| 17 | Selective electrodeposition of metal from simulated waste solutions 显示文摘 | Armstrong R D Todd M Atkinson J W | 1996 | Applied Electrochem1996，26，： | 1 |
| 18 | The Bowen ratio-energy balance method for estimating latent heat flux of irrigated alfalfa evaluated in a semi-arid,advective environment显示文摘 | Todd R W Evett S R Howell T A | 2000 | Agic For Meteorol2000，103，： | 1 |
| 19 | Transgenic soybeans expressing siRNAs specific to a major sperm protein gene suppress Heterodera glycines reproduction 显示文摘 | Steeves R M Todd T C Essig J S | 2006 | Functional Plant Biology2006，33，： | 1 |
| 20 | Evaporation measurements and predictions from soils under crop canopies显示文摘 | Klocke N L Martin D L Todd R W | 1990 | Transactions of the ASAE1990，33，5： | 1 |
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