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| 1 | SWOT Analysis and Challenges of Nile Basin Initiative:An Integrated Water Resource Management Perspective显示文摘River Nile is one of the longest transboundery rivers and it is shared and used by Burundi,Democratic Republic of Congo,Egypt,Ethiopia,Eritrea,Kenya,Rwanda,Sudan,Tanzania and Uganda.As of today,the Nile is a crucial resource for the economic development of the Nile Basin countries and a vital source of livelihood for 160 million inhabitants as well as 300 million people living in the 10 riparian countries.The Nile Basin Initiative(NBI) is one of the international cooperative river basin management program and regional partnership where all the Nile Basin countries except Eritrea unite to pursue long-term sustainable development,improved land use practices and management.This review therefore focused on the challenges not faced on NBI in terms of integrated use of the river and conducted analysis of strengths,weaknesses,opportunities and threats(SWOT) based on secondary data.The result of the review revealed that for decades,the Nile Basin people have been facing many complex environmental,social,economic and political challenges that have made it difficult for the proper management and sustainability of Nile water.The initiative provides training to develop skills in government ministries,non-governmental organizations and local communities in each country.It is also working to raise awareness of critical environmental issues by strengthening networks of environmental education practitioners;developing curriculum in the education sector.The challenges of NBI include the involvement and funding of World Bank,lack of sufficient staff,procedural and policies conflicts,lack of coordination and linkage with other regional institutions and lack of recognition as river basin organization.Considering the complex nature of the project,it is recommended that the NBI should come up with a strong multi-disciplinary monitoring and evaluation team to follow up all implemented projects.The NBI should carry out participatory land use planning in communities along the river basin.Moreover,livelihood analysis should be carried out especially in communities along the Nile to come up with poverty eradication projects which are socially acceptable,applicable,economically viable and affordable. | Alebel Abebe Belay Henry Musoke Semakula George James Wambura Labohy Jan | 2010 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2010，8，1： | 3 |
| 2 | Reduction in the Water Level of Lake Victoria and Its Implications on Livelihoods in Rwanjaba Lakeshore Community,Uganda显示文摘This paper examines the livelihood challenges experienced in Rwanjaba Lakeshore Community during the period of low water level in Lake Victoria between 2004 and 2007 and identifies the livelihood coping strategies that were adopted to address them.A total of 55 households were randomly sampled and the data collection methods included household questionnaires and participant observations.The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science(SPSS) and the results presented with the help of descriptive statistics.The livelihood challenges experienced during the low lake water level included fish shortage(34.5%),household food scarcity(23.6%),sex for fish(18.2%),family breakdown(12.7%),increased theft(7.2%) and accidents due to the exposed rocks in the lake(3.6%).The livelihood coping strategies adopted to redress the challenges included causal labour(32.7%),maize roasting(23.6%),sand mining(18.2%),selling of snacks(12.7%),selling household property(9.1%) and resorting shop and market credits(3.6%).The paper proposes a number of recommendations for improving the livelihood of the community ranging from policy reforms to the diversification of activities. | Semakula Henry Musoke Boon E K | 2012 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2012，10，1： | 0 |
| 3 | Determinants of malaria infections among children in refugee settlements in Uganda during 2018–2019显示文摘Background While 5%of 247 million global malaria cases are reported in Uganda,it is also a top refugee hosting country in Africa,with over 1.36 million refugees.Despite malaria being an emerging challenge for humanitarian response in refugee settlements,little is known about its risk factors.This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for malaria infections among children under 5 years of age in refugee settlements in Uganda.Methods We utilized data from Uganda’s Malaria Indicator Survey which was conducted between December 2018 and February 2019 at the peak of malaria season.In this national survey,household level information was obtained using standardized questionnaires and a total of 7787 children under 5 years of age were tested for malaria using mainly the rapid diagnostic test.We focused on 675 malaria tested children under five in refugee settlements located in Yumbe,Arua,Adjumani,Moyo,Lamwo,Kiryadongo,Kyegegwa,Kamwenge and Isingiro districts.The extracted variables included prevalence of malaria,demographic,social-economic and environmental information.Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify and define the malaria associated risk factors.Results Overall,malaria prevalence in all refugee settlements across the nine hosting districts was 36.6%.Malaria infections were higher in refugee settlements located in Isingiro(98.7%),Kyegegwa(58.6%)and Arua(57.4%)districts.Several risk factors were significantly associated with acquisition of malaria including fetching water from open water sources[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.22,95%CI:0.08–0.59,P=0.002],boreholes(aOR=2.11,95%CI:0.91–4.89,P=0.018)and water tanks(aOR=4.47,95%CI:1.67–11.9,P=0.002).Other factors included pit-latrines(aOR=1.48,95%CI:1.03–2.13,P=0.033),open defecation(aOR=3.29,95%CI:1.54–7.05,P=0.002),lack of insecticide treated bed nets(aOR=1.15,95%CI:0.43–3.13,P=0.003)and knowledge on the causes of malaria(aOR=1.09,95%CI:0.79–1.51,P=0.005).Conclusions The persistence of the malaria infections were mainly due to open water sources,poor hygiene,and lack of preventive measures that enhanced mosquito survival and infection.Malaria elimination in refugee settlements requires an integrated control approach that combines environmental management with other complementary measures like insecticide treated bed nets,indoor residual spraying and awareness. | Henry Musoke Semakula Song Liang Paul Isolo Mukwaya Frank Mugagga Monica Swahn Denis Nseka Hannington Wasswa Patrick Kayima | 2023 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2023，12，2： | 0 |
| 4 | Urban Agriculture:A Transitional Mechanism for Reducing Environmental Degradation and Fossil Fuel over Dependence显示文摘With the increasing population in the urban cities of the world,the demand for food from distant areas has been on the rise but at the expense of scarce natural resources like oil,water and forest,etc.However,producing food locally in urban centers provides a sustainable mechanism of reducing the carbon,food or ecological footprints of these cities in particular and environmental degradation in general.It creates a circular metabolic system in which the natural inputs are efficiently harnessed rather than the linear metabolic system in which resources flow in and wastes flow out.This article analyzes some urban agricultural local initiatives in urban centers of the worlds that promote a circular metabolic systems and proposes the procedure that can be adopted to promote urban agriculture. | Henry Musoke Semakula | 2010 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2010，8，1： | 0 |
| 5 | Reduction of Tobacco Smoking Health Risk Through an Appropriate Media Based Communication Strategy in Uganda显示文摘The health impacts of tobacco consumption are well documented and have gained acceptance worldwide. Today, a substantial, preventable burden of tobacco attributable diseases exists in most countries, though in most of the cases, unknown. Smoking accounts for almost half of the deaths in middle age in some regions. In Uganda, translating findings into policy action is slow and involves several stakeholders. It will continue to require support from tobacco control campaign groups. This paper analyses secondary literature on tobacco smoking and later provides an appropriate medium based communication strategy that can be adopted to counteract the persuasive smoking evil adverts of tobacco companies as well as creating awareness among the population of the health impacts caused by smoking. | Henry Musoke Semakula | 2010 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2010，8，3： | 0 |
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