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| 1 | Non-viral factors contributing to hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer death worldwide, accounting for over half a million deaths per year. The geographic pattern of HCC incidence is parallel to exposure to viral etiologic factors. Its incidence is increasing, ranging between 3% and 9% annually depending on the geographical location, and variability in the incidence rates correspond closely to the prevalence and pattern of the primary etiologic factors. Chronic infections with hepatitis B viruses or hepatitis C viruses have both been recognized as human liver carcinogens with a combined attributable fraction of at least 75% of all HCC cases. Multiple non-viral factors have been implicated in the development of HCC. Increased body mass index and diabetes with subsequent development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis represent significant risk factors for HCC. Other non-viral causes of HCC include iron overload syndromes, alcohol use, tobacco, oral contraceptive, aflatoxin, pesticides exposure and betel quid chewing, a prevalent habit in the developing world. Wilson disease, α-1 antitrypsin deficiency, Porphyrias, autoimmune hepatitis, Schistosoma japonicum associated with positive hepatitis B surface antigen, and thorotrastray are also contributing hepatocellualar carcinoma. In addition, primary biliary cirrhosis, congestive liver disease and family history of liver cancer increase the risk of HCC incident. In conclusion,clarification of relevant non-viral causes of HCC will help to focus clinicians on those risk factors that are modifiable. The multilevel preventative approach will hopefully lead to a reduction in incidence of non-viral HCC, and a decrease in the patient morbidity and mortality as well as the societal economic burden associated with HCC. | Manal A Hamed Sanaa A Ali | 2013 | World Journal of Hepatology2013，5，6： | 7 |
| 2 | Aqueous extracts of microalgae exhibit antioxidant and anticancer activities显示文摘Objective:To investigate the antioxidant and anticancer activities of aqueous extracts of nine microalgal species.Methods:Variable percentages of major secondary metabolites(total phenolic content,terpenoids and alkaloids) as well as phycobiliprotein pigments(phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin) in the aqueous algal extracts were recorded.Antioxidant activity of the algal extracts was performed using 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) test and 2,2'azino-bis(ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid(ABTS.) radical cation assay.Anticancer efficiency of the algal water extracts was investigated against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma cell(EACC) and Human hepatocellular cancer cell line(HepG2).Results:Antioxidant activity of the algal extracts was performed using DPPH test and ABTS.^+ radical cation assays which revealed 30.1-72.4%and 32.0-75.9%respectively.Anticancer efficiency of the algal water extracts was investigated against Ehdich Ascites Carcinoma Cell(EACC) and Human Hepatocellular cancer cell line(HepG2) with an activity ranged 87.25%and 89.4%respectively.Culturing the promising cyanobacteria species;Nostoc muscorum and Oscillatoria sp.under nitrogen stress conditions(increasing and decreasing nitrate content of the normal BG11 medium,1.5 g/L),increased nitrate concentration(3,6 and 9 g/L) led to a remarkable increase in phycobilin pigments followed by an increase in both antioxidant and anticancer activities in both cyanobacterial species.While the decreased nitrate concentration(0.75,0.37 and 0.0 g/L) induced an obvious decrease in phycobilin pigments with complete absence of allophycocyanin in case of Oscillatoria sp.Conclusions:Nitrogen starvation(0.00 g/L nitrate) induced an increase and comparable antioxidant and anticancer activities to those cultured in the highest nitrate content. | Sanaa MM Shanab Soha SM Mostafa Emad A Shalaby Ghada I Mahmoud | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，8： | 6 |
| 3 | Carbon paste electrode bulk-modified with the conducting polymer poly(1,8-diaminonaphthalene):Application to lead determination显示文摘 | Sanaa M Mamia E R Aziz A | 2003 | Mocrochimica Acta2003，143，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Impact of the socioeconomic status on the severity and outcome of community-acquired pneumonia among Egyptian children: a cohort study显示文摘Background:Community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)is one of the five leading causes of death among children in developing countries,accounting for approximately three million deaths per year.Identification of the modifiable risk factors of CAP may help to reduce the burden of this disease.In this study,the impact of the socioeconomic status(SES)on the severity and outcome of CAP among Egyptian children was studied.Methods:This was a prospective longitudinal cohort study which included 1,470 children diagnosed with CAP,aged two to 15 years(median age 5.4 years).The diagnosis of CAP was based on clinical and radiological findings.A structured questionnaire and the patients’medical records were used for the data collection.The subjects were divided into two groups:mild and severe CAP.Social and demographic variables were compared,and a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed.Results:The multivariate analysis showed that a low maternal education level(OR:3.8;95%CI:2.12-6.70;P=.0001),unavailability of adequate medical care(OR:3.1;95%CI:1.99-4.88;P=.0001),a low family income(OR:2.2;95%CI:0.99-4.78;P=.047),and parents’smoking habits(OR:2.0;95%CI:1.15-3.55;P=.014)were significant independent predictive risk factors for severe CAP among Egyptian children.Conclusion:Public health measures against these socio-demographic risk factors should be identified as priorities in order to help reduce the disease burden of deaths from severe CAP among Egyptian children. | Seham Fathy Abdel Hameed Azab Laila M Sherief Safaa H Saleh Wafaa F Elsaeed Mona A Elshafie Sanaa M Abdelsalam | 2014 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2014，3，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Carbon paste electrode bulk-modified with the conduc- ting polymer poly(1,8-diaminonaph-thalene) : Application to lead determination 显示文摘 | Sanaa M Mamia E R Aziz A | 2003 | Mocro- chimica Acta2003，143，9： | 1 |
| 6 | Telomerase activity and matrix metalloproteinase -9 in voided urine and bladder wash samples as a useful diagnostic tool for bladder cancer 显示文摘 | Sanaa Eissa Randa A Labiba M Sherif Mouradb | 2003 | Eur Urol2003，44，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Physiological studies on the effect of kinetin and salicylic acid on growth and yield of wheat plant 显示文摘 | SANAA A MOSTAFA M SHEHATA S | 2006 | Annals of Agricultural Science (Cairo)2006，51，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Doppler tissue imaging contribution in the study of diastolic dysfunction in hemodialysis patients 显示文摘 | BEN KHALFALLAH A SANAA I MOKRANI S | 2008 | Tunis Med2008，86，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Carbon paste electrode bulk-modified with the conducting polymer poly( 1,8-diaminonaphthalene) : Application to lead determination显示文摘 | Sanaa M Mamia E R Aziz A | 2003 | Mocrochimica Acta2003，143，： | 1 |
| 10 | β-arrestin-2 predicts the clinical response to β-blockers in cirrhotic portal hypertension patients: A prospective study显示文摘BACKGROUND Portal hypertension,a common complication associated with liver cirrhosis,can result in variceal bleeding,which greatly impacts patient survival.Recently,β-arrestin-2 has been shown to predict the acute hemodynamic response to nonselectiveβ-blocker therapy for cirrhotic portal hypertension.However,more data is needed on the long-term effects of and changes inβ-arrestin-2 following nonselectiveβ-blocker therapy.AIM To investigate the expression and role ofβ-Arrestin-2 in predicting the long-term response to nonselectiveβ-blockers in cirrhotic portal hypertensive patients.METHODS We prospectively enrolled 91 treatment-naïve patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension.Baseline clinical and laboratory data were obtained.Gastroscopy was performed for grading and treating varices and obtaining gastric antral biopsies.We measured the serum and antral expression ofβ-arrestin-2 and obtained Doppler measurement of the portal vein congestion index.Treatment with nonselectiveβ-blockers was then started.The patients were followed up for 18 mo,after which they have undergone a repeat antral biopsy and re-evaluation of the portal vein congestion index.RESULTS A higher serum level and antral expression ofβ-arrestin-2 was associated with longer bleedingfree intervals,greater reduction in the portal vein congestion index,and improved grade of varices.Among patients with a lowβ-arrestin-2 expression,17.6%were nonselectiveβ-blocker responders,whereas,among those with high expression,95.1%were responders(P<0.001).A serumβ-arrestin-2 value≥2.23 ng/mL was associated with a lower likelihood of variceal bleeding(90%sensitivity and 71%specificity).β-arrestin-2 expression significantly decreased after nonselectiveβ-blocker therapy.CONCLUSIONβ-arrestin-2 expression in cirrhotic portal hypertension predicts the clinical response to long-term nonselectiveβ-blocker treatment.Serumβ-arrestin-2 is a potential noninvasive biomarker for selecting the candidate patients for nonselectiveβ-blockers. | Sameh A Lashen Mohammed M Shamseya Marwa A Madkour Radwa M Abdel Salam Sanaa S Mostafa | 2022 | World Journal of Hepatology2022，14，2： | 0 |
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