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| 1 | Student and Instructor Beliefs and Attitudes about Target Language Use, First Language Use, and Anxiety: Report of a Questionnaire Study显示文摘 | Glenn S.Levine | 2003 | The Modern Language Journal2003，，3： | 3 |
| 2 | Primary and secondary prevention of colorectal cancer: An evidence- based review显示文摘Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer that affects one in three men and one in four women worldwide. Late-stage detection is associated with significantly lower 5-year survival rates. Although it is well established that CRC mortality rates have decreased in the past several decades, adoption of routine screening continues to lag behind screening for other common cancers such as cervical and breast cancer. The decrease in overall rates has been attributed, in part, to improved primary and secondary prevention efforts, including smoking prevention and cessation programs, nutritional counseling, and the use of evidence-based screening protocols, as well as access to better treatment. Despite the increased screening rates, it is estimated that at least one-third of eligible people do not receive appropriate screening. The objective of this review is to describe the current epidemiology of CRC and to demonstrate effective primary and secondary prevention strategies for the primary care provider. | Sandra J.Gonzalez Maria C.Mejia de Grubb Robert S.Levine | 2017 | Family Medicine and Community Health2017，5，1： | 2 |
| 3 | The oxidative DNA damage response: A review of research undertaken with Tsinghua and Xiangya students at the University of Pittsburgh显示文摘Endogenous stress and exogenous toxicants(chemicals and UV light) alter genetic information either directly or indirectly through the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS), thereby driving genomic instability in cells and promoting tumorigenesis. All living cells try to faithfully preserve and transmit their genomic information from one generation to the next using DNA repair mechanisms to repair oxidative DNA damage to prevent cancer or premature aging. Oxidative DNA damage comprises a mixture of DNA lesions including base damage, DNA single strand breaks(SSBs), and DNA double strand breaks(DSBs). This review summarizes some of the studies on DNA damage response at a defined genome locus that are performed by students from the Tsinghua University School of Medicine and the School of Medicine of Central South University(Xiangya Hospital) at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. A summary of their work highlights the continuous contribution of the students to a particular research program and exemplifies the achievements of this China-U.S. collaborative training program. | S.Levine Luxi Sun Rong Tan Ying Gao Lu Yang Hao Chen Yaqun Teng Li Lan | 2017 | Science China(Life Sciences)2017，60，10： | 1 |
| 4 | Depression and race affect hospitalization costs of heart failure patients显示文摘Objective:Depression and anxiety are frequently observed in heart failure(HF)patients;however,the effect of such factors on hospitalization costs of HF patients,and whether such costs vary by race and gender remain poorly understood.This analysis delineated the preva-lence of depression/anxiety among HF patients and estimated the effect of race and gender on hospitalization costs.Methods:We examined the 2008 files of the Tennessee Hospital Discharge Data System(HDDS)on patients(≥20 years of age)with a primary diagnosis of HF(ICD-9 codes 402,404,and 428)along with demographic data,depression/anxiety diagnoses,hospital costs,and comorbidities.Among the HF sample(n=16,889)53%were female and 23%were black.Race and gender differences in hospital costs were evaluated for the following three groups:(1)HF patients with depression/anxiety(HF+D);(2)HF-only patients without depression/anxiety(HFO);and(3)HF patients with other mental diagnoses(HF+M).Results:HF was significantly(p<0.000)higher among blacks compared to whites,and higher among males than females.Nearly 25%of HF patients had depression/anxiety(more whites and females were depressed).HF patients averaged more than 3 comorbidities(blacks had a greater number of comorbidities and hospitalization cost for the year).Costs were higher among HF+D patients compared to HFO patients.Among HF+D patients,costs were higher for black males compared with white males.These cost patterns prevailed largely because of higher comorbidities that required more re-admissions and longer hospital stays.Conclusion:Race and depression/anxiety are associated with increased hospitalization costs of HF patients.The higher costs among blacks reflect the higher burden of comorbidities,such as hypertension and diabetes,which calls for widespread dissemination,adoption,and implementation of proven interventions for the control of these comorbidities. | Baqar A.Husaini Robert S.Levine Meggan L.Novotny Van A.Cain Uchechukwu K.A.Sampson Majaz Moonis | 2015 | Family Medicine and Community Health2015，3，2： | 1 |
| 5 | T cells from induced and spontaneous models of SLE recognize a common T cell epitope on β2-glycoprotein Ⅰ显示文摘Systemic lupus erythematosus is a prototypic model for B-cell epitope spread in autoimmunity.Autoantibodies to numerous molecularly distinct self-antigens emerge in a sequential manner over several years,leading to disease manifestations.Among the earliest autoantibodies to appear are those targeting phospholipid-binding proteins,particularlyβ2-glycoprotein Ⅰ.Notably,mice immunized with β2-glycoprotein Ⅰ and lipopolysaccharide develop a strong T cell response to β2-glycoprotein Ⅰ that is associated with autoantibody production and renal disease,similar to that seen in human SLE.Here we hypothesized that mice with murine systemic lupus erythematosus,whether induced or spontaneous,should have T cells that recognizeβ2-glycoprotein I.We evaluated the response of splenic T cells from mice with induced(C57BL/6 and C3H/HeN)and spontaneous(MRL/lpr)systemic lupus erythematosus to peptides spanning the entire sequence of humanβ2GPI.We found that mice with induced and spontaneous systemic lupus erythematosus recognize a common T cell epitope(peptide 31;LYRDTAVFECLPQHAMFG)in domain Ⅲ ofβ2-glycoprotein I.β2GPI-reactive CD4^(+)T cells from the two models differed primarily in cytokine production:T cells from mice with induced SLE expressed IFN-γ,while T cells from MRL/lpr mice expressed both IL-17 and IFN-γ,indicating that IL-17-expressing T cells are not necessary for generating aβ2GPI-reactive T cell response.These data suggest that the generation of aβ2-glycoprotein Ireactive T cell response is shared by both induced and spontaneous models of systemic lupus erythematosus and that this T cell response may mediate epitope spread to autoantibodies in both models. | David Salem Rebecca Subang Masataka Kuwana Jerrold S.Levine Joyce Rauch | 2019 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2019，16，8： | 1 |
| 6 | Sino-U.S. partnerships in research, education, and patient care:The experience of the University of Pittsburgh and UPMC显示文摘In 2011, the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine(UPSOM) and Tsinghua University formed a partnership to further the education of Tsinghua medical students. These students come to UPSOM as visiting research scholars for two years of their eight-year MD curriculum. During this time, the students, who have completed four years at Tsinghua, work full-time in medical school laboratories and research programs of their choice, essentially functioning as graduate students. In their first two months in Pittsburgh, the scholars have a one-week orientation to biomedical research, followed by two-week rotations in four labs selected on the basis of the scholars' scientific interests, after which they choose one of these labs for the remainder of the two years.Selected labs may be in basic science departments, basic science divisions of clinical departments, or specialized centers that focus on approaches like simulation and modeling. The Tsinghua students also have a brief exposure to clinical medicine. UPSOM has also formed a similar partnership with Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine in Changsha, Hunan Province. The Xiangya students come to UPSOM for two years of research training after their sixth year and, thus, unlike the Tsinghua students,have already completed their clinical rotations. UPSOM faculty members have also paved the way for UPMC(University of Pittsburgh Medical Center), UPSOM's clinical partner, to engage with clinical centers in China. Major relationships involving advisory, training, managerial, and/or equity roles exist with Xiangya International Medical Center, KingMED Diagnostics, First Chengmei Medical Industry Group, and Macare Women's Hospital. Both UPSOM and UPMC are actively exploring other clinical and academic opportunities in China. | S.Levine Margaret C.McDonald Charles E.Bogosta | 2017 | Science China(Life Sciences)2017，60，10： | 0 |
| 7 | Rural congestive heart failure mortality among US elderly, 1999-2013: Identifying counties with promising outcomes and opportunities for implementation research显示文摘Objective:Describe modern trends in congestive heart failure(CHF)among elderly(>65 years of age)in the United States,to identify potentially successful rural areas.Compare CHF mortality using multiple-(MCOD)versus underlying-(UCOD)cause of death data.Methods:U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention mortality files(WONDER internet site).Results:Using MCOD data,overall mortality rates/100,000 population(and 95%confidence intervals)for CHF among persons>65 years of age(1999-2013)were 482.0(481.2-482.8)for large central and large fringe metropolitan(LCLF)counties,549.6(548.6-550.7)in small and medium metropolitan(SM)counties,and 652.6(650.9-654.0)in micropolitan and non-core,non-metropolitan(MNCNM)counties.Twenty positive deviance NCNM counties(collectively including 198,581 residents>65 years of age)had an overall CHF rate of 300.9(275.0-326.9)in 2013.This was significantly lower than the LCLF rate for 2013(482.0[481.2-482.8]),and rep-resented a reduction of 47%since 1999.Overall CHF occurrence as estimated with MCOD was 3.4-fold higher than that obtained with UCOD.Conclusion:These data illustrate underestimation of CHF by UCOD data and the importance of correct death certification.Rural CHF mortality rates are higher than urban rates,but some positive deviance counties demonstrate that this is not inevitable.Further research is needed to understand the relative contribution of research innovation,medical care,and public health to rural-urban disparities and the relative success of positive deviance counties. | Maria C.Mejia de Grubb Robert S.Levine Barbara Kilbourne Baqar A.Husaini Tyler Skelton Lisa Gittner Michael A.Langston George E.Rust | 2015 | Family Medicine and Community Health2015，3，2： | 0 |
| 8 | Smoking,depression,and hospital costs of respiratory cancers:Examining race and sex variation显示文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of smoking and depression on hospital costs for lung cancer(LC).Methods:We extracted data on depression,smoking history,demographics,and hospital charges for patients with respiratory cancers(ICD-9 codes 161-163,165)from the 2008 Tennessee Hospital Discharge Data System.The sample(n=6665)was mostly white(86%)and male(57%).Age-adjusted rates were developed in accordance with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention methods,and hospital costs were compared for patients with LC with versus without depression and a smoking history.Results:Three findings(P<0.001)emerged:(1)the LC rate was higher among blacks than among whites,and higher among men than among women;(2)while 66%of LC patients smoked(more men than women without racial variation),24%had depression(more females and whites were depressed);(3)the LC hospital cost was 54%higher than the non-LC hospital cost,and this cost doubled for patients with LC with depression and smoking versus those without such charac-teristics.Conclusion:While LC is more prevalent among blacks and men,depression is higher among female and white patients.Since depression with higher costs existed among LC patients,our find-ings point to(1)the possibility of cost savings by diagnosing and treating depression among LC patients,and(2)implementation of proven smoking cessation programs to reduce LC morbidity and hospital costs. | Baqar A.Husaini Robert S.Levine Phillip Lammers Pam Hull Meggan Novotny Majaz Moonis | 2017 | Family Medicine and Community Health2017，5，1： | 0 |
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