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| 1 | A fossil-calibrated relaxed clock for Ephedra indicates an Oligocene age for the divergence of Asian and New World clades and Miocene dispersal into South America显示文摘Ephedra comprises approximately 50 species,which are roughly equally distributed between the Old and New World deserts,but not in the intervening regions(amphitropical range).Great heterogeneity in the substitution rates of Gnetales(Ephedra,Gnetum,and Welwitschia) has made it difficult to infer the ages of the major divergence events in Ephedra,such as the timing of the Beringian disjunction in the genus and the entry into South America.Here,we use data from as many Gnetales species and genes as available from GenBank and from a recent study to investigate the timing of the major divergence events.Because of the tradeoff between the amount of missing data and taxon/gene sampling,we reduced the initial matrix of 265 accessions and 12 loci to 95 accessions and 10 loci,and further to 42 species(and 7736 aligned nucleotides) to achieve stationary distributions in the Bayesian molecular clock runs.Results from a relaxed clock with an uncorrelated rates model and fossil-based calibration reveal that New World species are monophyletic and diverged from their mostly Asian sister clade some 30 mya,fitting with many other Beringian disjunctions.The split between the single North American and the single South American clade occurred approximately 25 mya,well before the closure of the Panamanian Isthmus.Overall,the biogeographic history of Ephedra appears dominated by long-distance dispersal,but finer-scale studies are needed to test this hypothesis. | Stefanie M.ICKERT-BOND Catarina RYDIN Susanne S.RENNER | 2009 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2009，47，5： | 7 |
| 2 | 贫营养泥炭沼泽高鞘苔草无性系种群更新机制显示文摘高鞘苔草是多年生根茎型无性系莎草,主要分布于贫营养泥炭沼泽中。在生长季中期的小兴安岭贫营养泥炭沼泽中,高鞘苔草无性系种群分株数量以营养株占优势(2次取样平均占94.09%)。分株分蘖节可营养繁殖3代,并由3个龄级组成,呈稳定型年龄结构。根茎最大存活年限为12年,共划分为8个龄级,呈衰退型年龄结构。活动芽由4个龄级组成,呈稳定型年龄结构,分株分蘖节对活动芽的贡献远大于根茎。7,8月2次取样间,3种构件的年龄结构类型无变化,全体分株数量和根茎的累积长度与生物量均无显著差异(P>0.05),但8月份的分株平均单重和1龄级根茎单位长度生物量显著降低21.50%和20.26%(P<0.05),各龄级活动芽数量均显著增加1倍以上(P<0.05)。在生长季中期,高鞘苔草向活动芽和根茎转移营养物质,通过降低单位长度干物质的投入来加速1龄级根茎的生长,扩展空间生态位。同时,通过大量增加活动芽的数量,实现种群的持续更新。 | 卜兆君 杨允菲 Rydin Hkan 朗惠卿 | 2005 | 草业学报2005，14，5： | 6 |
| 3 | Potentially mobile phosphorus in Lake Erken sediment显示文摘 | Emil Rydin | 2000 | Water Research2000，，7： | 3 |
| 4 | 为健康塑造城市:21世纪城市环境的复杂性及其规划显示文摘城市是一个复杂系统,因此城市的健康依赖于各种相互作用。城市人口与农村人口相比,城市在平均健康情况方面具有优势,并须通过政策干预来积极保持;同时应认识到在城市范围内健康状况的不平等性。本文通过对卫生和废水管理、城市交通、建筑标准和室内空气质量、城市热岛效应和城市农业的案例研究,强调城市规划政策下,城市健康状况改善过程中的复杂性:而线性或周期性的规划方法不足以应对复杂的背景条件。 | RYDIN Y BLEAHU A DAVIES M 蔡洁 孙文尧 | 2018 | 城市规划学刊2018，，1： | 2 |
| 5 | Potentially mobile phosphorus in Lake Erken sediment显示文摘 | Rydin E | 2000 | Water Research2000，34，7： | 1 |
| 6 | Potentially mobile phosphorus in Lake Erken sediment显示文摘 | Rydin E | 2000 | Water Res2000，34，7： | 1 |
| 7 | Competition among bryophytes显示文摘 | Rydin H | 1997 | Advance in Bryology1997，6，： | 1 |
| 8 | Aluminum dose required to inactivate phosphate in lake sediments显示文摘 | Rydin E Welch E B | 1998 | Water Research1998，32，10： | 1 |
| 9 | Competition and coexistence in plant communities 显示文摘 | Bengtsson J Fagerstrom T Rydin H | 1994 | Trends in Ecology and Evolution1994，9，： | 1 |
| 10 | Competition and coexistence in plant communities显示文摘 | Bengtsson J Fagerstrom T Rydin H | 1994 | Trends in Ecology and Evolution1994，9，： | 1 |
| 11 | Potentially mobile phosphorus in lake Erken sediment显示文摘 | Rydin E 2000 | 2000 | Water Research2000，34，7： | 1 |
| 12 | Raised atmos- pheric CO2 levels and increased N deposition cause shifts in plant species composition and production in Sphagnum bogs 显示文摘 | Berendse F van Breemen N Rydin H | 2001 | Global Change Biqlogy2001，7，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Potentially mobile phosphorus in Lake Erken sediment显示文摘 | RYDIN E | 2000 | Water Res2000，34，： | 1 |
| 14 | Response of the cyanobacterium Gloeotrichia to iron and boron additions: an experiment from Lake Erken 显示文摘 | HYENSTRAND P RYDIN E GUNNERHED M | 2001 | Freshwater Biology2001，46，： | 1 |
| 15 | Bryophyte species richness on boulders:relationship to area,habitat divessity and canopy tree species显示文摘 | Weibull H Rydin H | 2005 | Biological Conservation2005，，122： | 1 |
| 16 | Potentially mobile phosphorus in Lake Erken sediment显示文摘 | Rydin E | 2000 | Water Research2000，34，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Potentially mobile phosphorus in Lake Erken sediment显示文摘 | Rydin E | 2000 | War Res2000，34，7： | 1 |
| 18 | Competition andcoexistence in plant communities显示文摘 | Bengtsson J Fagerstrom T Rydin H | 1994 | Trends in Ecology andEvolution1994，，9： | 1 |
| 19 | Spatial pattern and size distribution of the animal-dispersed Quercus rubur in two spruce-dominated forests 显示文摘 | Frost I Rydin H | 2000 | Ecoscience2000，7，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Deep divergences in the coffee family and the systematic position of Acranthera显示文摘 | Rydin C Kainulainen K Razafimandimbison SG Smedmark JEE Bremer B | 2009 | Plant Syst Evol2009，278，： | 1 |
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