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| 1 | Dental and periodontal phenotype in sclerostin knockout mice显示文摘Sclerostin is a Wnt signalling antagonist that controls bone metabolism.Sclerostin is expressed by osteocytes and cementocytes;however,its role in the formation of dental structures remains unclear.Here,we analysed the mandibles of sclerostin knockout mice to determine the influence of sclerostin on dental structures and dimensions using histomorphometry and micro-computed tomography(mCT)imaging.mCT and histomorphometric analyses were performed on the first lower molar and its surrounding structures in mice lacking a functional sclerostin gene and in wild-type controls.mCT on six animals in each group revealed that the dimension of the basal bone as well as the coronal and apical part of alveolar part increased in the sclerostin knockout mice.No significant differences were observed for the tooth and pulp chamber volume.Descriptive histomorphometric analyses of four wild-type and three sclerostin knockout mice demonstrated an increased width of the cementum and a concomitant moderate decrease in the periodontal space width.Taken together,these results suggest that the lack of sclerostin mainly alters the bone and cementum phenotypes rather than producing abnormalities in tooth structures such as dentin. | Ulrike Kuchler Uwe Y Schwarze Toni Dobsak Patrick Heimel Dieter D Bosshardt Michaela Kneissel Reinhard Gruber | 2014 | International Journal of Oral Science2014，6，2： | 7 |
| 2 | Molecular phenotypes of human parvovirus B19 in patients with myocarditis显示文摘AIM:To investigate molecular phenotypes of myocardial B19V-infection to determine the role of B19V in myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM).METHODS:Endomyocardial biopsies(EMBs) from 498 B19V-positive patients with myocarditis and DCMwere analyzed using molecular methods and functional experiments.EMBs were obtained from the University Hospitals of Greifswald and Tuebingen and additionally from 36 German cardiology centers.Control tissues were obtained at autopsy from 34 victims of accidents,crime or suicide.Identification of mononuclear cell infiltrates in EMBs was performed using immunohistological staining.Anti-B19V-IgM and anti-B19V-IgG were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).B19V viral loads were determined using in-house quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR).For B19V-genotyping a new B19V-genotype-specific restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)-PCR was established.B19V-genotyping was verified by direct DNAsequencing and sequences were aligned using BLAST and BioEdit software.B19V P6-promoter and HHV6-U94-transactivator constructs were generated for cell culture experiments.Transfection experiments were conducted using human endothelial cells 1.Luciferase reporter assays were performed to determine B19Vreplication activity.Statistical analysis and graphical representation were calculated using SPSS and Prism5 software.RESULTS:The prevalence of B19V was significantly more likely to be associated with inflammatory cardiomyopathy(iCMP) compared to uninflamed DCM(59.6% vs 35.3%)(P < 0.0001).The detection of B19V-mRNA replication intermediates proved that replication of B19V was present.RFLP-PCR assays showed that B19V-genotype 1(57.4%) and B19V-genotype 2(36.7%) were the most prevalent viral genotypes.B19V-genotype 2 was observed more frequently in EMBs with iCMP(65.0%) compared to DCM(35%)(P = 0.049).Although there was no significant difference in gender-specific B19V-loads,women were more frequently infected with B19V-genotype 2(44.6%) than men(36.0%)(P = 0.0448).Coinfection with B19V and other cardiotropic viruses was found in 19.2% of tissuesamples and was associated with higher B19V viral load compared to B19V-monoinfected tissue(P = 0.0012).The most frequent coinfecting virus was human herpes virus 6(HHV6,16.5%).B19V-coinfection with HHV6 showed higher B19V-loads compared to B19V-monoinfected EMBs(P = 0.0033),suggesting that HHV6 had transactivated B19V.In vitro experiments confirmed a 2.4-fold increased B19V P6-promoter activity by the HHV6 U94-transactivator.CONCLUSION:The finding of significantly increased B19V loads in patients with histologically proven cardiac inflammation suggests a crucial role of B19V-genotypes and reactivation of B19V-infection by HHV6-coinfection in B19V-associated iCMP.Our findings suggest that B19V-infection of the human heart can be a causative event for the development of an endothelial cell-mediated inflammatory disease and that this is related to both viral load and genotype. | C-Thomas Bock Anja Düchting Friederike Utta Eva Brunner Bui Tien Sy Karin Klingel Florian Lang Meinrad Gawaz Stephan B Felix Reinhard Kandolf | 2014 | World Journal of Cardiology2014，6，4： | 3 |
| 3 | Bifunctional chimeric SuperCD suicide gene -YCD: YUPRT fusion is highly effective in a rat hepatoma model显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effects of catalytically superior gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy systems on a rat hepatoma model.METHODS: To increase hepatoma cell chemosensitivity for the prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC), we generated a chimeric bifunctional SuperCD suicide gene, a fusion of the yeast cytosine deaminase (YCD) and the yeast uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (YUPRT) gene.RESULTS: In vitro stably transduced Morris rat hepatoma cells (MH) expressing the bifunctional SuperCD suicide gene (MH SuperCD) showed a clearly marked enhancement in cell killing when incubated with 5-FC as compared with MH ceils stably expressing YCD solely (MH YCD) or the cytosine deaminase gene of bacterial origin(MH BCD), respectively. In vivo, MH SuperCD tumors implanted both subcutaneously as well as orthotopically into the livers of syngeneic ACI rats demonstrated significant tumor regressions (P<0.01) under both high dose as well as low dose systemic 5-FC application,whereas MH tumors without transgene expression (MH naive) showed rapid progression. For the first time, an order of in vivo suicide gene effectiveness (SuperCD>>YCD > > BCD > > > negative control) was defi ned as a result of a directin vivo comparison of all three suicide genes.CONCLUSION: Bifunctional SuperCD suicide gene expression is highly effective in a rat hepatoma model,thereby significantly improving both the therapeutic index and the efficacy of hepatocellular carcinoma killing by fluorocytosine. | Florian Graepler Marie-Luise Lemken Wolfgang A Wybranietz Ulrike Schmidt Irina Smirnow Christine D GroB Martin Spiegel Andrea Schenk Schenk Hansj(o|¨)rg Graf Ulrike A Lauer Reinhard Vonthein Michael Gregor Sorin Armeanu Michael Bitzer Ulrich M.Lauer | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，44： | 2 |
| 4 | Pancreatic Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Patients With Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency Due to Chronic Pancreatitis: A 1-Year Disease Management Study on Symptom Control and Quality of Life显示文摘 | Jan G. D’Haese Güralp O. Ceyhan Ihsan Ekin Demir Peter Layer Waldemar Uhl Matthias L?hr Reinhard Rychlik Konstantinos Pirilis York Z?llner Birgit Gradl Douglas Foerster Julia M?bius Friederike Henniges Helmut Friess | 2014 | Pancreas2014，，： | 2 |
| 5 | Cerebral dysautoregulation and the risk of ischemic events in occlusive carotid artery disease 显示文摘 | Reinhard M Gerds TA Grabiak D | 2008 | Journal of Neurology2008，255，8： | 1 |
| 6 | LIGHT, a New Member of the TNF Superfamily, and Lymphotoxin α Are Ligands for Herpesvirus Entry Mediator显示文摘 | Davide N Mauri Reinhard Ebner Rebecca I Montgomery Kristine D Kochel Timothy C Cheung Guo-Liang Yu Steve Ruben Marianne Murphy Roselyn J Eisenberg Gary H Cohen Patricia G Spear Carl F Ware | 1998 | Immunity1998，，： | 1 |
| 7 | Stem cell therapy improves myocardial perfusion and cardiac synchronicity:new application for echocardiography显示文摘 | Wolf D Reinhard A Krause U | 2007 | J Am Soc Echocardiogr2007，20，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Epigenetic Inactivation of RAS association domain family protein I(RASSF1A) in Malignant Cutaneous Melanoma 显示文摘 | MIA S STELLA T REINHARD D | 2003 | Cancer Research2003，63，： | 1 |
| 9 | High-purity CdMnTe radiation detectors: A high-resolution spectroscopic evaluation 显示文摘 | RAFIEI R REINHARD M KIM K PROKOPOVICH D BOARDMAN D SARBUTT A JAMES R B | 2013 | 1EEE Transactions on Nuclear Science2013，60，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Are Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascaris suum a single species?显示文摘 | Leles D Gardner S L Reinhard K | 2012 | ParasitsVectors2012，5，： | 1 |
| 11 | Pharmacokinetic and pharmaceutic interaction between digoxin and cremophor RH40显示文摘 | B J Reinhard | 2003 | Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics2003，73，5： | 1 |
| 12 | TGF - β1 downregulates CD36 and scavenger receptor A but upregulates LOX - 1 in human macrophages 显示文摘 | Georg D Reinhard L | 2000 | Lipid Res2000，278，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Characterisation of single-crystal mercuric iodide显示文摘 | Alexiev D Dytlewski N Reinhard M I | 2004 | Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research2004，517，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Cerebraldysautoregulation and the risk of ischemic events inocclusive carotid artery disease显示文摘 | Reinhard M Gerds TA Grabiak D | 2008 | J Neurol2008，255，8： | 1 |
| 15 | Improved Microwave Plasma Cavity Reactor for Diamond Synthesis at High-pressure and High Power Density显示文摘 | Hemawan K W Grotjohn T A Reinhard D K | 2010 | Diamond and Related Materials2010，119，12： | 1 |
| 16 | Latent portasystemic encephalopathy显示文摘 | Priv. Doz. Dr. H. Schomerus W. Hamster H. Blunck U. Reinhard K. Mayer W. D?lle | 1981 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences1981，，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Improved Microwave Plasma Cavity Reactor for Diamond Synthesis at High-pressure and High Power Density显示文摘 | Hemawan K W Grotjohn T A Reinhard D K | 2010 | Diamond and Related Materials2010，19，12： | 1 |
| 18 | Microbial degradation of toluene under sulfate-reducing conditions and the influence of iron on the process 显示文摘 | BELLER H R GRBIE-GALIE D REINHARD M | 1992 | Appl Environ Microbiol1992，58，： | 1 |
| 19 | Stem cell therapy improves myocardial perfusion and cardiac synchronicity : new application for ex:hocardiography 显示文摘 | Wolf D Reinhard A Krause U | 2007 | J Am Soc Echocardiogr2007，20，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Improved microwave plasma cavity reactor for diamond synthesis at hi^i pressure and highpower density 显示文摘 | Heraawan K W Grotjohn T A Reinhard D K | 2010 | Diamond and Related Materials2010，19，12： | 1 |
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