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| 1 | Modern treatment of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors显示文摘Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are rare mesenchymal smooth muscle sarcomas that can arise anywhere within the gastrointestinal tract. Sporadic mutations within the tyrosine kinase receptors of the interstitial cells of Cajal have been identified as the key molecular step in GIST carcinogenesis. Although many patients are asymptomatic, the most common associated symptoms include: abdominal pain, dyspepsia, gastric outlet obstruction, and anorexia. Rarely, GIST can perforate causing life-threatening hemoperitoneum. Most are ultimately diagnosed on cross-sectional imaging studies (i.e., computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging in combination with upper endoscopy. Endoscopic ultrasonographic localization of these tumors within the smooth muscle layer and acquisition of neoplastic spindle cells harboring mutations in the c-KIT gene is pathognomonic. Curative treatment requires a complete gross resection of the tumor. Both open and minimally invasive operations have been shown to reduce recurrence rates and improve long-term survival. While there is considerable debate over whether GIST can be benign neoplasms, we believe that all GIST have malignant potential, but vary in their propensity to recur after resection and metastasize to distant organ sites. Prognostic factors include location, size (i.e., > 5 cm), grade (> 5-10 mitoses per 50 high power fields and specific mutational events that are still being defined. Adjuvant therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib mesylate, has been shown to reduce the risk of recurrence after one year of therapy. Treatment of locally-advanced or borderline resectable gastric GIST with neoadjuvant imatinib has been shown to induce regression in a minority of patients and stabilization in the majority of cases. This treatment strategy potentially reduces the need for more extensive surgical resections and increases the number of patients eligible for curative therapy. The modern surgical treatment of gastric GIST combines the novel use of targeted therapy and aggressive minimally invasive surgical procedures to provide effective treatment for this lethal, but rare gastrointestinal malignancy. | Kevin K Roggin Mitchell C Posner | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，46： | 17 |
| 2 | Postparum depressive disoders: Changing trends显示文摘 | Unterman R R Posner N A Williams K N | 1990 | Birtu1990，17，3： | 1 |
| 3 | Injury and liability associated with monitored anesthesia care: a closed claims analysis显示文摘 | BHANANKER S M POSNER K L CHENEY F W | 2006 | Anesthesiology2006，104，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Recommendations to improve preconception health and healthcare - United States 显示文摘 | Johnson K Posner SF Biermann J | 2006 | MMWR Recomm Rep2006，55，6： | 1 |
| 5 | Development of spontaneous alternation in infancy显示文摘 | VECERA S P ROTHBART M K POSNER M I | 1991 | Jounal of Cognitive Neurosciences1991，，3： | 1 |
| 6 | A commo-dation of a Scientific Conception:Towards a Theory of Conceptual Change显示文摘 | Posner G J S trike K A Hew son PW | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 7 | Improving follow- up to abnormal breast cancer screening in an urban population:A pa- tient navigation intervention显示文摘 | Battaglia TA Roloff K Posner MA | 2007 | Cancer2007，109，2： | 1 |
| 8 | The American So- ciety of Anesthesiologists Postoperative Visual Loss Registry:analysis of 93 spine surgery cases with posto- perative visual loss 显示文摘 | Lee L A Roth S Posner K L | 2006 | Anesthesiology2006，105，4： | 1 |
| 9 | The development of inhabition of return in infancy显示文摘 | CLOHESSY A B POSNER M I ROTHBART M K VECERA S P | 1991 | Jounal of Cognitive Neuroscience1991，，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Insomnia and sleep duration as mediators of the relationship between depression and hypertension incidence显示文摘 | Gangwisch JE Malaspina D Posner K | 2010 | Am J Hypertens2010，23，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Malaria: new chemotherapeutic peroxide drugs显示文摘 | Borstnik K Paik H Posner GH | 2002 | Mini Rev Med Chem2002，2，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Development of orienting to locations and objects in human infants显示文摘 | HARMAN C POSNER M I ROTHBAR M K THOMASTHRAPP L | 1994 | Canadian Jounal of Psychology1994，，48： | 1 |
| 13 | The release of nanosilver from consumer products used in the home 显示文摘 | Benn T Cavanagh B Hristovski K Posner JD Westerhoff P | 2010 | J Environ Qual2010，39，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Research on Attention Networks as a Model for the Integration of Psychological Seience显示文摘 | Posner M I Rothbart M K | 2007 | Annual Review of Psychology2007，58，： | 1 |
| 15 | Facilitation of saccades toward a covertly attended location in early infancy显示文摘 | Johnson Mark H Posner Michael I Rothbart Mary K | 1994 | Psychological Science1994，，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Nutrition and health risks in the elderly:the nutrition screening initiative显示文摘 | POSNER B M JETTE A M SMITH K W | 1993 | Am J Publ Health1993，83，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Insomnia and sleepduration as mediators of the relationship between depression andhypertension incidence显示文摘 | Gangwisch J E Malaspina Posner K | 2010 | Am J Hypertens?2010，23，1： | 1 |
| 18 | The use of readily available equipment in a simple method for intraoperative monitoring of recurrent laryngeal nerve function during thyroid surgery:Initial experience with moer than 300cases显示文摘 | ELTZSCHING H K POSNER M MOORE F D Jr | 2000 | Arch Surg2000，137，： | 1 |
| 19 | Injury and liability associated with monitored anesthesia care:a closed claims analysis显示文摘 | BHANANKER S M POSNER K L CHENEY F W | 2006 | Anesthesiology2006，104，： | 1 |
| 20 | The development of executive attention: Contributions to the emergence of self-regulation显示文摘 | Rueda M R Posner M I Rothbart M K | 2005 | Developmental Neuropsychology2005，28，2： | 1 |
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