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| 1 | Systematic review and meta-analysis of colon cleansing preparations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘AIM To performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine any possible differences in terms of effectiveness, safety and tolerability between existing colon-cleansing products in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.METHODS Systematic searches were performed( January 1980-September 2016) using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, CENTRAL and ISI Web of knowledge for randomized trials assessing preparations with or without adjuvants, given in split and non-split dosing, and in high(> 3 L) or low-volume(2 L or less) regimens. Bowel cleansing quality was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included patient willingness-torepeat the procedure and side effects/complications.RESULTS Out of 439 citations, 4 trials fulfilled our inclusion criteria(n = 449 patients). One trial assessed the impact of adding simethicone to polyethylene glycol(PEG) 4 L with no effect on bowel cleansing quality, but a better tolerance. Another trial compared senna to castor oil, again without any differences in term of bowel cleansing. Two trials compared the efficacy of PEG high-volume vs PEG low-volume associated to an adjuvant in split-dose regimens: PEG low-dose efficacy was not different to PEG high-dose; OR = 0.84(0.37-1.92). A higher proportion of patients were willing to repeat low-volume preparations vs high-volume; OR = 5.11(1.31-20.0). CONCLUSION In inflammatory bowel disease population, PEG lowvolume regimen seems not inferior to PEG high-volume to clean the colon, and yields improved willingness-torepeat. Further additional research is urgently required to compare contemporary products in this population. | Sophie Restellini Omar Kherad Talat Bessissow Charles Ménard Myriam Martel Maryam Taheri Tanjani Peter L Lakatos Alan N Barkun | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，32： | 16 |
| 2 | Abdominal applications of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging: Where do we stand?显示文摘Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is one of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences providing qualitative as well as quantitative information at a cellular level. It has been widely used for various applications in the central nervous system. Over the past decade, various extracranial applications of DWI have been increasingly explored, as it may detect changes even before signal alterations or morphological abnormalities become apparent on other pulse sequences. Initial results from abdominal MRI applications are promising, particularly in oncological settings and for the detection of abscesses. The purpose of this article is to describe the clinically relevant basic concepts of DWI, techniques to perform abdominal DWI, its analysis and applications in abdominal visceral MR imaging, in addition to a brief overview of whole body DWI MRI. | Ajaykumar C Morani Khaled M Elsayes Peter S Liu William J Weadock Janio Szklaruk Jonathan Russell Dillman Asra Khan Thomas L Chenevert Hero K Hussain | 2013 | World Journal of Radiology2013，5，3： | 12 |
| 3 | High-throughput screening of mouse gene knockouts identifies established and novel skeletal phenotypes显示文摘Screening gene function in vivo is a powerful approach to discover novel drug targets. We present high-throughput screening(HTS) data for 3 762 distinct global gene knockout(KO) mouse lines with viable adult homozygous mice generated using either gene-trap or homologous recombination technologies. Bone mass was determined from DEXA scans of male and female mice at 14 weeks of age and by microCT analyses of bones from male mice at 16 weeks of age. Wild-type(WT) cagemates/littermates were examined for each gene KO. Lethality was observed in an additional 850 KO lines. Since primary HTS are susceptible to false positive findings, additional cohorts of mice from KO lines with intriguing HTS bone data were examined. Aging,ovariectomy, histomorphometry and bone strength studies were performed and possible non-skeletal phenotypes were explored. Together, these screens identified multiple genes affecting bone mass: 23 previously reported genes(Calcr, Cebpb, Crtap, Dcstamp, Dkk1, Duoxa2, Enpp1, Fgf23, Kiss1/Kiss1 r, Kl(Klotho),Lrp5, Mstn, Neo1, Npr2, Ostm1, Postn, Sfrp4, Slc30a5, Slc39a13, Sost, Sumf1, Src, Wnt10b), five novel genes extensively characterized(Cldn18, Fam20 c, Lrrk1, Sgpl1, Wnt16), five novel genes with preliminary characterization(Agpat2, Rassf5, Slc10a7, Slc26a7, Slc30a10) and three novel undisclosed genes coding for potential osteoporosis drug targets. | Robert Brommage Jeff Liu Gwenn M Hansen Laura L Kirkpatrick David G Potter Arthur T Ss Brian Zambrowicz David R Powell Peter Vogel | 2014 | Bone Research2014，2，3： | 7 |
| 4 | Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Patient-Centered Approach: Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)显示文摘 | Inzucchi Silvio E Bergenstal Richard M Buse John B Diamant Michaela Ferrannini Ele Nauck Michael Peters Anne L Tsapas Apostolos Wender Richard Matthews David R | 2012 | EN2012，，3： | 6 |
| 5 | Randomized trial in malignant biliary obstruction:Plastic vs partially covered metal stents显示文摘AIM:To compare efficacy and complications of par-tially covered self-expandable metal stent(pcSEMS)to plastic stent(PS)in patients treated for malignant,infrahilar biliary obstruction.METHODS:Multicenter prospective randomized clinical trial with treatment allocation to a pcWallstent(SEMS)or a 10 French PS.Palliative patients aged≥18,for infrahilar malignant biliary obstruction and a Karnofsky performance scale index>60%from 6 participating North American university centers.Primary endpoint was time to stent failure,with secondary outcomes of death,adverse events,Karnofsky performance score and short-form-36 scale administered on a three-monthly basis for up to 2 years.Survival analyses were performed for stent failure and death,with Cox proportional hazards regression models to determine significant predictive characteristics.RESULTS:Eighty-five patients were accrued over 37mo,42 were randomized to the SEMS group and 83patients were available for analyses.Time to stent failure was 385.3±52.5 d in the SEMS and 153.3±19.8 d in the PS group,P=0.006.Time to death did not differ between groups(192.3±23.4 d for SEMS vs211.5±28.0 d for PS,P=0.70).The only significant predictor was treatment allocation,relating to the time to stent failure(P=0.01).Amongst other measured outcomes,only cholangitis differed,being more common in the PS group(4.9%vs 24.5%,P=0.029).The small number of patients in follow-up limits longitudinal assessments of performance and quality of life.From an initially planned 120 patients,only 85 patients were recruited.CONCLUSION:Partially covered SEMS result in a longer duration till stent failure without increased complication rates,yet without accompanying measurable benefits in survival,performance,or quality of life. | Peter L Moses Khalid M AlNaamani Alan N Barkun Stuart R Gordon Roger D Mitty M Stanley Branch Thomas E Kowalski Myriam Martel Viviane Adam | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，46： | 6 |
| 6 | Colonic manifestations of PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome: Case series and systematic review显示文摘AIM:To investigate our clinical experience with the colonic manifestations of phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome ten(PTEN)hamartoma tumor syndrome(PHTS)and to perform a systematic literature review regarding the same.METHODS:This study was approved by the appropriate institutional review board prior to initiation.A clinical genetics database was searched for patients with PHTS or a component syndrome that received gastrointestinal endoscopy or pathology interpretation at our center.These patient’s records were retrospectively reviewed for clinical characteristics(including family history and genetic testing),endoscopy results and pathology findings.We also performed a systematic review of the literature for case series of PHTS or component syndromes that reported gastrointestinal manifestations and investigations published after consensus diagnostic criteria were established in 1996.These results were compiled and reported.RESULTS:Eight patients from our institution met initial inclusion criteria.Of these,5 patients underwent4.2 colonoscopies at mean age 45.8±10.8 years.All were found to have colon polyps during their clinical course and polyp histology included adenoma,hyperplastic,ganglioneuroma and juvenile.No malignant lesions were identified.Two had multiple histologic types.One patient underwent colectomy due to innumerable polyps and concern for future malignant potential.Systematic literature review of PHTS patients undergoing endoscopy revealed 107 patients receiving colonoscopy at mean age 37.4 years.Colon polyps were noted in92.5%and multiple colon polyp histologies were reported in 53.6%.Common polyp histologies included hyperplastic(43.6%),adenoma(40.4%),hamartoma(38.3%),ganglioneuroma(33%)and inflammatory(24.5%)polyps.Twelve(11.2%)patients had colorectal cancer at mean age 46.7 years(range 35-62).Clinical outcomes secondary to colon polyposis and malignancy were not commonly reported.CONCLUSION:PHTS has a high prevalence of colon polyposis with multiple histologic types.It should be considered a mixed polyposis syndrome.Systematic review found an increased prevalence of colorectal cancer and we recommend initiating colonoscopy for colorectal cancer surveillance at age 35 years. | Peter P Stanich Robert Pilarski Jonathan Rock Wendy L Frankel Samer El-Dika Marty M Meyer | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，7： | 5 |
| 7 | 航空微波遥感观测海水表层盐度的研究进展显示文摘盐度是海水的基本特征之一。在开敞海和海岸带进行长期的盐度测量具有重要的意义。利用航空微波技术观测海水盐度的研究始于20世纪60年代末,经过20多年的不断探索,近10年来这一技术研究有了较大的进展。将被动式微波辐射计装在小型飞机上对海水表层盐度进行观测,可以获得同步、快速和大面积的海水表层盐度。目前,已有多种微波辐射计在不同国家和地区的河口海湾和海洋得到使用,如ESTAR、SLFMR、STARRS、PALS和PLMR。使用航空遥感辐射计对海水进行观测,目前,校正后的盐度当分辨率为1 km2时数据准确度和精度都可以达到1psu。利用最新研发的双偏光微波航空遥感技术有望使校正后的盐度数值精度和准确度控制在1psu以内。 | 王永红 M L Heron Peter Ridd | 2007 | 海洋地质与第四纪地质2007，27，1： | 5 |
| 8 | 人胚胎干细胞培养及其cDNA文库的构建显示文摘目的构建人胚胎干细胞cDNA文库,为筛查疾病抗原基因奠定基础。方法培养和收集人胚胎干细胞克隆,提取胚胎干细胞总RNA,分离纯化mRNA,利用mRNA作模板反转录合成双链cDNA,双链DNA经pfu-DNA聚合酶将链末端补平,与EcoRⅠ接头连接,XhoⅠ酶切消化产生粘端。用Sepharose CL2B柱分离纯化及除去小分子cDNA片段,与Uni-ZAP XR噬菌体连接,体外转化XL1-blue MRF'菌,建成cDNA文库并计算重组效率。对cDNA文库进行扩增,测定扩增文库的滴度。阳性重组子用EcoRⅠ+XhoⅠ双酶切鉴定插入片段的大小。结果构建成含1.2×106重组子的人胚胎干细胞cDNA文库,重组子插入外源DNA片段长度不小于1000kb。结论已成功构建人胚胎干细胞cDNA文库,适合用于筛选目的基因克隆。 | 周素芳 Angela M Eastham Peter L Stern | 2007 | 中国现代医学杂志2007，17，17： | 5 |
| 9 | Apple dwarfing rootstocks exhibit an imbalance in carbohydrate allocation and reduced cell growth and metabolism显示文摘Apple dwarfing rootstocks cause earlier shoot termination and reduced root and shoot mass.To identify physiological factors responsible for rootstock-induced growth restriction,we compared vascular-enriched gene expression between two dwarfing rootstocks(‘M27’and‘M9’)and the vigorous rootstock‘M793’using RNA sequencing and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR.Differentially expressed genes common to both dwarfing rootstocks belonged to five main biological processes:(1)primary metabolism,(2)cell wall synthesis and modification,(3)secondary metabolism,(4)hormone signalling and response and(5)redox homeostasis.Genes promoting the biosynthesis of amino acids,lipids and cell walls were downregulated in dwarfing rootstocks,whereas genes promoting the breakdown of these compounds were upregulated.The only exception to this trend was the upregulation of starch synthesis genes in dwarfing rootstocks.Non-structural carbohydrate analysis demonstrated that starch concentrations in‘M9’roots,stems and grafted‘Royal Gala’(‘RG’)scions were double that of equivalent tissues from‘RG’homo-grafted trees(‘RG’/‘RG’).Fructose and glucose concentrations were much lower in all three tissues of the‘RG’/‘M9’trees.Together,these data indicate that dwarfing rootstocks are in a state of sugar depletion and reduced cellular activity despite having large starch reserves.Another significant finding was the over-accumulation of flavonoids and the downregulation of auxin influx transporters MdAUX1 and MdLAX2 in dwarfing rootstocks.We propose that both factors reduce polar auxin transport.The results of this study contribute novel information about the physiological state of dwarfing rootstocks. | Toshi M Foster Peter A McAtee Chethi N Waite Helen L Boldingh Tony K McGhie | 2017 | Horticulture Research2017，4，1： | 4 |
| 10 | Axitinib plus gemcitabine versus placebo plus gemcitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a double-blind randomised phase 3 study显示文摘 | Hedy L Kindler Tatsuya Ioka Dirk J Richel Jaafar Bennouna Richard Létourneau Takuji Okusaka Akihiro Funakoshi Junji Furuse Young Suk Park Shinichi Ohkawa Gregory M Springett Harpreet S Wasan Peter C Trask Paul Bycott Alejandro D Ricart Sinil Kim Eric Van | 2011 | Lancet Oncology2011，，3： | 4 |
| 11 | Biological therapy in inflammatory bowel diseases:Access in Central and Eastern Europe显示文摘Biological drugs opened up new horizons in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).This study focuses on access to biological therapy in IBD patients across 9 selected Central and Eastern European(CEE)countries,namely Bulgaria,the Czech Republic,Estonia,Hungary,Latvia,Lithuania,Poland,Romania and Slovakia.Literature data on the epidemiology and disease burden of IBD in CEE countries was systematically reviewed.Moreover,we provide an estimation on prevalence of IBD as well as biological treatment rates.In all countries with the exception of Romania,lower biological treatment rates were observed in ulcerative colitis(UC)compared to Crohn’s disease despite the higher prevalence of UC.Great heterogeneity(up to 96-fold)was found in access to biologicals across the CEE countries.Poland,Bulgaria,Romania and the Baltic States are lagging behind Hungary,Slovakia and the Czech Republic in their access to biologicals.Variations of reimbursement policy may be one of the factors explaining the differences to a certain extent in Bulgaria,Latvia,Lithuania,and Poland,but association with other possible determinants(differences in prevalence and incidence,price of biologicals,total expenditure on health,geographical access,and cost-effectiveness results)was not proven.We assume,nevertheless,that healthdeterioration linked to IBD might be valued differently against other systemic inflammatory conditions in distinct countries and which may contribute to the immense diversity in the utilization of biological drugs for IBD.In conclusion,access to biologicals varies widely among CEE countries and this difference cannot be explained by epidemiological factors,drug prices or total health expenditure.Changes in reimbursement policy could contribute to better access to biologicals in some countries. | Fanni Rencz Márta Péntek Martin Bortlik Edyta Zagorowicz Tibor Hlavaty Andrzej Sliwczyński Mihai M Diculescu Limas Kupcinskas Krisztina B Gecse László Gulácsi Peter L Lakatos | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，6： | 4 |
| 12 | 母乳喂养和孕产妇心血管病风险:30万中国妇女的前瞻性研究显示文摘母乳喂养给儿童健康带来了大量好处,并且也与母亲生命后期心血管病风险降低相关。然而,有关其对心血管病影响的证据仍然不一致,特别是在东亚人中,母乳喂养的频率和持续时间与西方国家的频率和持续时间显著不同。2004-2008年,中国香港嘉道理生物样本库(China Kadoorie biobank)从中国10个不同地区招募了年龄30-79岁受试者50万人,基线无心血管病的女性受试者289 573人在8年的随访中, | 刘莉 叶鹏 Peters SAE Yang L Guo Y Chen Y Bian Z Du J Yang J Li S Li L Woodward M Chen Z | 2017 | 中华高血压杂志2017，25，8： | 4 |
| 13 | Efficacy of HPV-based screening for prevention of invasive cervical cancer: follow-up of four European randomised controlled trials显示文摘 | Guglielmo Ronco Joakim Dillner K Miriam Elfstr?m Sara Tunesi Peter J F Snijders Marc Arbyn Henry Kitchener Nereo Segnan Clare Gilham Paolo Giorgi-Rossi Johannes Berkhof Julian Peto Chris J L M Meijer | 2013 | The Lancet2013，，： | 3 |
| 14 | Analysis of a Successful Immune Response against Hepatitis C Virus显示文摘 | Stewart Cooper Ann L Erickson Erin J Adams Joe Kansopon Amy J Weiner David Y Chien Michael Houghton Peter Parham Christopher M Walker | 1999 | Immunity1999，，4： | 3 |
| 15 | Role of interleukin-1 and its antagonism of hepatic stellate cell proliferation and liver fibrosis in the Abcb4^(-/-) mouse model显示文摘AIM: To study the interleukin-1(IL-1) pathway as a therapeutic target for liver fibrosis in vitro and in vivo using the ATP-binding cassette transporter b4^(-/-)(Abcb4^(-/-)) mouse model.METHODS: Female and male Abcb4^(-/-) mice from 6 to 13 mo of age were analysed for the degree of cholestasis(liver serum tests), extent of liver fibrosis(hydroxyproline content and Sirius red staining) and tissue-specific activation of signalling pathways such as the IL-1 pathway [quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q PCR)]. For in vivo experiments, murine hepatic stellate cells(HSCs) were isolated via pronasecollagenase perfusion followed by density gradient centrifugation using female mice. Murine HSCs were stimulated with up to 1 ng/m L IL-1β with or without 2.5 μg/m L Anakinra, an IL-1 receptor antagonist, respectively. The proliferation of murine HSCs was assessed via the Brd U assay. The toxicity of Anakinra was evaluated via the fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis(FDH) assay. In vivo 8-wk-old Abcb4^(-/-) mice with an already fully established hepatic phenotype were treated with Anakinra(1 mg/kg body-weight daily intraperitoneally) or vehicle and liver injury and liver fibrosis were evaluated via serum tests, q PCR, hydroxyproline content and Sirius red staining. RESULTS: Liver fibrosis was less pronounced in males than in female Abcb4^(-/-) animals as defined by a lower hydroxyproline content(274 ± 64 μg/g vs 436 ± 80 μg/g liver, respectively; n = 13-15; P < 0.001; MannWhitney U-test) and lower m RNA expression of the profibrogenic tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP)(1 ± 0.41 vs 0.66 ± 0.33 fold, respectively; n = 13-15; P < 0.05; Mann-Whitney U-test). Reduced liver fibrosis was associated with significantly lower levels of F4/80 m RNA expression(1 ± 0.28 vs 0.71 ± 0.41 fold, respectively; n = 12-15; P < 0.05; Mann-Whitney U-test) and significantly lower IL-1β m RNA expression levels(1 ± 0.38 vs 0.44 ± 0.26 fold, respectively; n = 13-15; P < 0.001; Mann-Whitney U-test). No gender differences in the serum liver parameters [bilirubin; alanine aminotransferase(ALT); aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase(AP)] were found. In vitro, the administration of IL-1β resulted in a significant increase in HSC proliferation [0.94 ± 0.72 arbitrary units(A.U.) in untreated controls, 1.12 ± 0.80 A.U. at an IL-1β concentration of 0.1 ng/m L and 1.18 ± 0.73 A.U. at an IL-1β concentration of 1 ng/m L in samples from n = 6 donor animals; P < 0.001; analyses of variance(ANOVA)]. Proliferation was reduced significantly by the addition of 2.5 μg/m L Anakinra(0.81 ± 0.60 A.U. in untreated controls, 0.92 ± 0.68 A.U. at an IL-1β concentration of 0.1 ng/m L, and 0.91 ± 0.69 A.U. at an IL-1β concentration of 1 ng/m L; in samples from n = 6 donor animals; P < 0.001; ANOVA) suggesting an anti-proliferative effect of this clinically approved IL-1 receptor antagonist. The FDH assay showed this dose to be non-toxic in HSCs. In vivo, Anakinra had no effect on the hepatic hydroxyprolinecontent, liver serum tests(ALT and AP) and profibrotic(collagen 1α1, collagen 1α2, transforming growth factor-β, and TIMP-1) and anti-fibrotic [matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP2), MMP9 and MMP13 ] gene expression after 4 wk of treatment. Furthermore, the hepatic IL-1β and F4/80 m RNA expression levels were unaffected by Anakinra treatment.CONCLUSION: IL-1β expression is associated with the degree of liver fibrosis in Abcb4^(-/-) mice and promotes HSC proliferation. IL-1 antagonism shows antifibrotic effects in vitro but not in Abcb4^(-/-) mice. | Florian P Reiter Ralf Wimmer Lena Wottke Renate Artmann Jutta M Nagel Manuel O Carranza Doris Mayr Christian Rust Peter Fickert Michael Trauner Alexander L Gerbes Simon Hohenester Gerald U Denk | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，8： | 3 |
| 16 | Validation and refinement of scores to predict very early stroke risk after transient ischaemic attack显示文摘 | S Claiborne Johnston Peter M Rothwell Mai N Nguyen-Huynh Matthew F Giles Jacob S Elkins Allan L Bernstein Stephen Sidney | 2007 | 2007 (9558)2007，，9558： | 3 |
| 17 | Risk for emerging bipolar disorder, variants, and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, now grown up显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder(BD) and sub-threshold symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) through 14 years' follow-up, when participants were between 21-24 years old.METHODS: First, we examined rates of BD type Ⅰ?and Ⅱ diagnoses in youth participating in the NIMH-funded Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD(MTA). We used the diagnostic interview schedule for children(DISC), administered to both parents(DISC-P) and youth(DISCY). We compared the MTA study subjects with ADHD(n = 579) to a local normative comparison group(LNCG, n = 289) at 4 different assessment points: 6, 8, 12, and 14 years of follow-ups. To evaluate the bipolar variants, we compared total symptom counts(TSC) of DSM manic and hypomanic symptoms that were generated by DISC in ADHD and LNCG subjects. Then we sub-divided the TSC into pathognomonic manic(PM) and non-specific manic(NSM) symptoms. We compared the PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG at each assessment point and over time. We also evaluated the irritability as category A2 manic symptom in both groups and over time. Finally, we studied the irritability symptom in correlation with PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG subjects.RESULTS: DISC-generated BD diagnosis did not differ significantly in rates between ADHD(1.89%) and LNCG 1.38%). Interestingly, no participant met BD diagnosis more than once in the 4 assessment points in 14 years. However, on the symptom level, ADHD subjects reported significantly higher mean TSC scores: ADHD 3.0; LNCG 1.7; P < 0.001. ADHD status was associated with higher mean NSM: ADHD 2.0 vs LNCG 1.1; P < 0.0001. Also, ADHD subjects had higher PM symptoms than LNCG, with PM means over all time points of 1.3 ADHD; 0.9 LNCG; P = 0.0001. Examining both NSM and PM, ADHD status associated with greater NSM than PM. However, Over 14 years, the NSM symptoms declined and changed to PM over time(df 3, 2523; F = 20.1; P < 0.0001). Finally, Irritability(BD DSM criterion-A2) rates were significantly higher in ADHD than LNCG(χ2 = 122.2, P < 0.0001), but irritability was associated more strongly with NSM than PM(df 3, 2538; F = 43.2; P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Individuals with ADHD do not appear to be at significantly greater risk for developing BD, but do show higher rates of BD symptoms, especially NSM. The greater linkage of irritability to NSM than to PM suggests caution when making BD diagnoses based on irritability alone as one of 2(A-level) symptoms for BD diagnosis, particularly in view of its frequent presentation with other psychopathologies. | Ahmed Z Elmaadawi Peter S Jensen L Eugene Arnold Brooke SG Molina Lily Hechtman Howard B Abikoff Stephen P Hinshaw Jeffrey H Newcorn Laurence Lee Greenhill James M Swanson Cathryn A Galanter | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，4： | 3 |
| 18 | Isolation and Expression Analysis of Two Genes Encoding Cinnamate 4-Hydroxylase from Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)显示文摘Two genes(GhC4H1 and GhC4H2) that encode putative cotton cinnamate 4-hydroxylases that catalyze the second step in the phenylpropanoid pathway were isolated from developing cotton fibers. GhC4H1 and GhC4H2 each contain open reading frames of 1 518 base pairs(bp) in length and both encode proteins consisting of 505 amino acid residues. They are 90.89% identical to each other at the amino acid sequence level and belong to class I of plant C4 Hs. GhC4H1 and GhC4H2 genomic DNA are 2 247 and 2 161 bp long, respectively, and contain two introns located at conserved positions relative to the coding sequence. GhC4H1 and GhC4H2 promoters were isolated and found to contain many cis-elements(boxes P, L and AC-I element) previously identified in the promoters of other phenylpropanoid pathway genes. Histochemical staining showed GUS expression driven by the GhC4H1 and GhC4H2 promoters in ovules and fibers tissues. GhC4H1 and GhC4H2 were also widely expressed in other cotton tissues. GhC4H2 expression reached its highest level during the elongation stage of fiber development, whereas GhC4H1 expression increased during the secondary wall development period in cotton fibers. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the biochemical role of GhC4H1 and GhC4H2 in cotton fiber development. | NI Zhi-yong LI Bo Neumann M Peter Lü Meng FAN Ling | 2014 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2014，13，10： | 3 |
| 19 | Outcomes and patients' perspectives of transition from paediatric to adult care in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘AIM: To describe the disease and psychosocialoutcomes of an inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) transition cohort and their perspectives.METHODS: Patients with IBD, aged > 18 years, who had moved from paediatric to adult care within 10 years were identified through IBD databases at three tertiary hospitals. Participants were surveyed regarding demographic and disease specific data and their perspectives on the transition process. Survey response data were compared to contemporaneously recorded information in paediatric service case notes. Data were compared to a similar age cohort who had never received paediatric IBD care and therefore who had not undergone a transition process. RESULTS: There were 81 returned surveys from 46 transition and 35 non-transition patients. No statistically significant differences were found in disease burden, disease outcomes or adult roles and responsibilities between cohorts. Despite a high prevalence of mood disturbance(35%), there was a very low usage(5%) of psychological services in both cohorts. In the transition cohort, knowledge of their transition plan was reported by only 25/46 patients and the majority(54%) felt they were not strongly prepared. A high rate(78%) of discussion about work/study plans was recorded prior to transition, but a near complete absence of discussion regarding sex(8%), and other adult issues was recorded. Both cohorts agreed that their preferred method of future transition practices(of the options offered) was a shared clinic appointment with all key stakeholders. CONCLUSION: Transition did not appear to adversely affect disease or psychosocial outcomes. Current transition care processes could be optimised, with better psychosocial preparation and agreed transition plans. | Alice L Bennett David Moore Peter A Bampton Robert V Bryant Jane M Andrews | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，8： | 3 |
| 20 | Diagnostic accuracy of tests for Helicobacter pylori in an Alaska Native population显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of two non-invasivetests in a population of Alaska Native persons. Highrates of Helico bacter pylori(H. pylori) infection,H. pylori treatment failure,and gastric cancer in this population necessitate documentation of infection status atmultiple time points over a patient's life.METHODS:In 280 patients undergoing endoscopy,H. pylori was diagnosed by culture,histology,rapidurease test,13C urea breath test(UBT) ,and immuno-globulin G antibodies to H. pylori in serum. The performances of 13C-UBT and antibody test were compared to a gold standard defined by a positive H. pylori testby culture or,in case of a negative culture result,bypositive histology and a positive rapid urease test.RESULTS:The sensitivity and specificity of the 13C-UBT were 93% and 88%,respectively,relative to thegold standard. The antibody test had an equivalents ensitivity of 93% with a reduced specificity of 68%.The false positive results for the antibody test were as-sociated with previous treatment for an H. pylori infection [relative risk(RR) = 2.8]. High levels of antibodiesto H. pylori were associated with chronic gastritis and male gender,while high scores in the 13C-UBT testwere associated with older age and with the H. pyloribacteria load on histological examination(RR = 4.4) .CONCLUSION:The 13C-UBT out performed the anti-body test for H. pylori and could be used when a non-invasive test is clinically necessary to document treatment out come or when monitoring for reinfection. | Dana L Bruden Michael G Bruce Karen M Miernyk Julie Morris Debby Hurlburt Thomas W Hennessy Helen Peters Frank Sacco Alan J Parkinson Brian J McMahon | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，42： | 3 |
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