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| 1 | A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns显示文摘发展史长通知了蕨类植物分类。当我们推断进化的树的能力改善了,针对认出生来的组的分类变得逐渐地预兆、稳定。这里,我们为 lycophytes 和蕨纲植物提供一个现代、全面分类,在下面,利用一条基于社区的途径类水平。我们 monophyly 用作主要标准让 taxa,而且目的识别保存两个广泛地被接受的存在 taxa 和界限并且与我们蕨类植物发展史的理解一致。总共,这个分类对待一在 337 个类, 51 个家庭, 14 目,和二个班估计了 11 916 种类。这个分类没在 lycophyte 和蕨纲植物上作为最后的词被打算分类,而是当前的假设的概括陈述,源于最好的可得到的数据并且在问题由熟悉植物的那些大多数塑造了。我们希望它将在蕨类植物上为最近的文学的那些想要的参考用作一个资源发展史和分类,为指导未来调查的一个框架,和推进讲话的刺激。 | Eric Schuettpelz Harald Schneider Alan R. Smith Peter Hovenkamp Jefferson Prado Germinal Rouhan Alexandre Salino Michael Sundue Thafs Elias Almeida Barbara Parris Emily B. Sessa Ashley R. Field Andre Luis de Gasper Carl J. Rothfels Michael D. Windham Marcus Lehnert Benjamin Dauphin Atsushi Ebihara Samuli Lehtonen Pedro Bond Schwartsburd Jordan Metzgar Li-Bing Zhang Li-Yaung Kuo Patrick J. Brownsey Masahiro Kato Marcelo Daniel Arana Francine C. Assis Michael S. Barker David S. Barrington Ho-Ming Chang Yi-Han Chang Yi-Shan Chao Cheng-Wei Chen De-Kui Chen Wen-Liang Chiou Vinicius Antonio de Oliveira Dittrich Yi-Fan Duan Jean-Yves Dubuisson Donald R. Farrar Susan Fawcett Jose Maria Gabriel y Galan Luiz Armando de Araujo Goes-Neto Jason R. Grant Amanda L. Grusz Christopher Haufler Warren Hauk Hai He Sabine Hennequin Regina Yoshie Hirai Layne Huiet Michael Kessler Petra Korall Paulo H. Labiak Anders Larsson Blanca Leen Chun-Xiang Li Fay-Wei Li Melanie Link-Perez Hong-Mei Liu Ngan Thi Lu Esteban I. Meza-Torres Xin-Yuan Miao Robbin Moran Claudine Massi Mynssens Nathalie Nagalingum Benjamin Ollgaard Alison M. Paul Jovani B. de S. Pereira Leon R. Perrie Monica Ponce Tom A. Ranker Christian Schulz Wataru Shinohara Alexander Shmakov Erin M. Sigel Filipe Soares de Souza Lana da Silva Sylvestre Weston Testo Luz Amparo Triana-Moreno Chie Tsutsumi Hanna Tuomisto IvAn A. Valdespino Alejandra Vasco Raquel Stauffer Viveros Alan Weakley Ran Wei Stina Weststrand Paul G. Wolf George Yatskievych Xiao-Gang Xu Yue-Hong Yan Liang Zhang Xian-Chun Zhang Xin-Mao Zhou | 2016 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2016，54，6： | 44 |
| 2 | Frozen shoulder:A systematic review of therapeutic options显示文摘Frozen shoulder is a common disease which causes significant morbidity. Despite over a hundred years of treating this condition the definition, diagnosis, pathology and most efficacious treatments are still largely unclear. This systematic review of current treatments for frozen shoulder reviews the evidence base behind physiotherapy, both oral and intra articular steroid, hydrodilatation, manipulation under anaesthesia and arthroscopic capsular release. Key areas in which future research could be directed are identified, in particular with regard to the increasing role of arthroscopic capsular release as a treatment. | Harpal Singh Uppal Jonathan Peter Evans Christopher Smith | 2015 | World Journal of Orthopedics2015，6，2： | 33 |
| 3 | Arsenic uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizal maize (Zea mays L.) grown in an arsenic-contaminated soil with added phosphorus显示文摘arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM ) 的效果真菌(血管球 mosseae ) 和砷上的磷(P) 增加(100 mg/kg 土壤)( 作为) 由从污染言论集的土壤的玉米植物(Zea mays L.) 的举起在一个温室被检验 experiment.Non-mycorrhizal 和 zero-P 增加控制被包括。植物生物资源和集中和举起作为, P,和另外的营养素, AMcolonization,根长度,和菌丝的长度密度被决定。结果显示 P 的增加显著地禁止了根殖民和两个都在 thezero-P 处理,而是 AM 植物的射击和根生物资源下面与 mycorrhizal 殖民显著地增加的 extraradicalmycelium.Root 长度和干燥重量的开发被 P application.AM 压抑真菌的接种减少了当没有 P 被增加时,作为集中射击,并且 AM 植物的射击和根 Asconcentrations 与 P 增加, P 的 respectively.Shoot 和根举起, Mn , Cu ,和增加的 Zn 增加了 2.6 和 1.4 次,但是射击 Fe 举起在44.6%减少了与接种,当 Pwas added.P 增加减少了时,射击 P , Fe , Mn , AM 植物的 Cu ,和 Zn 举起,而是增加的根 Fe andMn nonmycorrhizal ones.AM 殖民的举起因此看起来提高植物忍耐到是在低 P 然而,为 As-contaminatedsoil 的 phytostabilization 玷污,并且有一些潜力 P 申请可以由增加土壤 Asmobility 介绍另外的环境风险。 | XIA Yun-sheng CHEN Bao-dong CHRISTIE Peter SMITH F Andrew WANG You-shan LI Xiao-lin | 2007 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2007，19，10： | 18 |
| 4 | 卒中相关性肺炎的诊断卒中肺炎共识小组的推荐意见显示文摘背景和目的下呼吸道感染常并发于卒中并对转归造成不利影响。对于并发于卒中的下呼吸道感染性疾病,目前尚无公认的专业术语或诊断金标准,这导致临床诊疗和研究受到影响。本共识旨在提出急性卒中并发下呼吸道感染的标准化术语和可操作性诊断标准。方法对多个文献数据库进行系统检索,经过证据回顾和2轮讨论,最后于2014年9月在英国曼彻斯特召开共识会议,经75%以上共识小组成员达成一致意见后形成共识。结果达成的共识如下:(1)推荐使用卒中相关性肺炎(stroke-associated pneumonia, SAP )作为卒中发病后7 d内发生的下呼吸道感染性疾病的专业术语。(2)提议对 SAP 使用经过改良的美国疾病控制预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC)诊断标准:①很可能的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,但复查或动态监测胸部 X 片仍缺乏典型改变;②确诊的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,且胸部 X 片有典型改变。(3)关于白细胞计数或 C反应蛋白在 SAP 诊断中的作用证据有限。(4)其他生物学标记物(如降钙素原)的证据不足。结论提议根据 CDC 诊断标准对 SAP 的术语和诊断制定可操作性的共识标准,需要在卒中患者中进行前瞻性研究来确定其信度、效度以及对医生行为(包括抗生素选择)和临床转归的影响。 | Craig J. Smith Amit K Kishore Andy Vail Angel Chamorro Javier Garau Stephen J. Hopkins Mario Di Napoli Lalit Kalra Peter Langhorne Joan Montaner Christine Roffe Anthony G. Rudd Pippa J. TyrreU Diederik van de Peek Mark Woodhead Andreas Meisel 范琳琳 宿英英 | 2016 | 国际脑血管病杂志2016，24，2： | 17 |
| 5 | 七个发达国家卫生系统的领导与治理显示文摘本文运用结构式调查方法,探讨了澳大利亚、英国、德国、荷兰、挪威、瑞典和瑞士七个发达国家卫生系统的领导和治理情况。领导与治理模式包含三项基本职能:优先顺序设置、绩效监管和问责制。各国卫生系统的领导和治理方法存在着显著差异,零散并略显随意。虽然各国在卫生系统的总体目标上达成了共识,但设置优先顺序的途径各不相同。成本效益分析作为设置卫生系统运行优先顺序的一个主要方法被各国加以广泛运用,但并未发挥核心作用。各国虽然处于不同的发展阶段,但绩效监管却能广泛吸收有益意见。问责制特别是在最优方法的不确定性方面,各国之间的差异最大。大多数情况下,市场机制、选举程序、直接经济激励以及专业监督与控制等几种不同问责机制的组合可能更为合适。而且这些机制应与优先顺序设置和绩效监管协调一致。 | Peter C Smith Anders Anell Reinhard Busse Luca Crivelli Judith Healy Anne Karin Lindahl Gert Westert Tobechukwu Kene | 2012 | 中国卫生政策研究2012，5，11： | 13 |
| 6 | Efficient Silencing of Endogenous MicroRNAs Using Artificial MicroRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana显示文摘我们这里报导内长的 microRNAs (miRNAs ) 的表示能是高效地在用人工的 miRNA (amiRNA ) 的 Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis ) 的 silenced 技术。我们证明设计指向成熟 miRNA 的 amiRNA 对所有 miRNA 家庭成员指导 silencing,而设计指向一个 miRNA 先锋抄本的茎环区域的 amiRNA 对指向的仅仅单个家庭成员指导 silencing。而且,我们的结果显示指向成熟 miRNA 和茎环顺序的 amiRNAs 通过 miRNA 先锋抄本的劈开指导 RNA silencing,它大概在 miRNA 生物的续生说的起始的阶段期间发生在一个植物房间的原子核。这建议小 RNA (sRNA ) 指导了 RNA 在植物的劈开不仅在细胞质,而且在原子核发生。许多植物 miRNA 基因家庭经由定序和生物信息的分析被识别了,,但是,迄今为止,仅仅这些的小 tranche 机能上地由于有效前面或反向的基因工具的缺乏被描绘了。我们的调查结果因此在植物为 miRNA 功能的分析提供一个新、强大的颠倒基因的工具。 | Andrew L. Eamens Claire Agius Nell A. Smith Peter M. Waterhouse Ming-Bo Wang | 2011 | Molecular Plant2011，4，1： | 10 |
| 7 | Diagnosis and Management of the Metabolic Syndrome: An American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement显示文摘 | Scott M. Grundy James I. Cleeman Stephen R. Daniels Karen A. Donato Robert H. Eckel Barry A. Franklin David J. Gordon Ronald M. Krauss Peter J. Savage Sidney C. Smith John A. Spertus Fernando Costa | 2005 | Circulation2005，，17： | 7 |
| 8 | 代谢综合征的诊断和治疗——美国心脏协会/国立心肺血液研究所指南概要显示文摘 | Scott M. Grundy James I. Cleeman Stephen R. Daniels Karen A. Donato Robert H. Eckel Barry A.Franklin David J. Gordon Ronald M. Krauss Peter J. Savage Sidney C. Smith John A. Spertus Fernando Costa | 2006 | 世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册)2006，2，4： | 5 |
| 9 | Expanded classification of hepatitis C virus into 7 genotypes and 67 subtypes: Updated criteria and genotype assignment web resource显示文摘 | Donald B. Smith Jens Bukh Carla Kuiken A. Scott Muerhoff Charles M. Rice Jack T. Stapleton Peter Simmonds | 2014 | Hepatology2014，，1： | 5 |
| 10 | Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease: An Update to the Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association显示文摘 | Robert D. Brook Sanjay Rajagopalan C. Arden Pope Jeffrey R. Brook Aruni Bhatnagar Ana V. Diez-Roux Fernando Holguin Yuling Hong Russell V. Luepker Murray A. Mittleman Annette Peters David Siscovick Sidney C. Smith Laurie Whitsel Joel D. Kaufman | 2010 | Circulation2010，，21： | 4 |
| 11 | Short-Term Outcomes of the Australasian Randomized Clinical Study Comparing Laparoscopic and Conventional Open Surgical Treatments for Colon Cancer: The ALCCaS Trial显示文摘 | Peter J. Hewett Randall A. Allardyce Philip F. Bagshaw Christopher M. Frampton Francis A. Frizelle Nicholas A. Rieger J Shona Smith Michael J. Solomon Jacqueline H. Stephens Andrew R. L. Stevenson | 2008 | Annals of Surgery2008，，5： | 3 |
| 12 | Preoperative Nutritional Status Is an Important Predictor of Survival in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Renal Cell Carcinoma显示文摘 | Todd M. Morgan Dominic Tang Kelly L. Stratton Daniel A. Barocas Christopher B. Anderson Justin R. Gregg Sam S. Chang Michael S. Cookson S. Duke Herrell Joseph A. Smith Peter E. Clark | 2011 | European Urology2011，，6： | 2 |
| 13 | Serious infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease receiving anti‐tumor‐necrosis‐factor‐alpha therapy: An Australian and New Zealand experience显示文摘 | Ian CLawrance Graham LRadford‐Smith Peter ABampton Jane MAndrews Pok‐KernTan AnthonyCroft Richard BGearry Timothy H JFlorin | 2010 | Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology2010，，11： | 2 |
| 14 | Lovastatin Alters Biliary Lipid Composition and Dissolves Gallstones: A Long-Term Study in Prairie Dogs显示文摘 | Mohammad Z. Abedin Seth C. Narins Eun H. Park Peter R. Smith Kimberly S. Kirkwood | 2002 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences2002，，10： | 2 |
| 15 | Differential Targeting of Prosurvival Bcl-2 Proteins by Their BH3-Only Ligands Allows Complementary Apoptotic Function显示文摘 | Lin Chen Simon N. Willis Andrew Wei Brian J. Smith Jamie I. Fletcher Mark G. Hinds Peter M. Colman Catherine L. Day Jerry M. Adams David C.S. Huang | 2005 | Molecular Cell2005，，3： | 2 |
| 16 | Optical Coherence Tomographic Patterns of Diabetic Macular Edema显示文摘 | Brian Y. Kim Scott D. Smith Peter K. Kaiser | 2006 | American Journal of Ophthalmology2006，，3： | 2 |
| 17 | A test of genetic association among male nuptial coloration, female mating preference, and male aggression bias within a polymorphic population of cichlid fish显示文摘 | Inke van der SLUIJS Peter D. DIJKSTRA Charlotte M. LINDEYER BertanneVISSER Alan M. SMITH Ton G. G. GROOTHUIS Jacques J. M. van ALPHEN Ole SEEHAUSEN | 2013 | Current Zoology2013，59，2： | 2 |
| 18 | Investigation of blood pulse PPG signal regulation on toe effect of body posture and lower limb height显示文摘Objective: To study the regulation of blood pulse volume via photoplethysmography (PPG) signal detected from toe, while the lower limb is passively raised in different height positions. Methods: Use a modified non-invasive PPG technique to detect the blood pulse signal on toe with infrared (IR) photo sensor. A protocol consisting of two postures, i.e., supine and 45° reclining, was designed to conduct laboratory trial in this study. During the period of performing the protocol of these postures, the lower limb was passively raised from the heights of 10 cm to 60 cm randomly and individually with sponge blocks underneath the foot. Results: In the supine posture, the higher the foot was passively raised, the more the blood PPG signal decreased. In the 45° reclining posture, the blood PPG signal increased at the beginning and then decreased in the foot height position from 10 cm to 60 cm. In both postures the normalized AC signal changes significantly while the normalized DC signal changes little. Conclusion: The toe PPG signals can obviously indicate the regulated blood volume change with the designated postural procedures due to the heart level position. | XIN Shang-zhi HU Sijung CRABTREE Vincent P. ZHENG Jia AZORIN-PERIS Vincent ECHIADIS Angelos SMITH Peter R. | 2007 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)2007，8，6： | 2 |
| 19 | Lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome after cardiopulmonary bypass显示文摘 | George Asimakopoulos Peter L.C Smith Chandana P Ratnatunga Kenneth M Taylor | 1999 | The Annals of Thoracic Surgery1999，，3： | 2 |
| 20 | Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease: An Update to the Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association显示文摘 | Robert D. Brook Sanjay Rajagopalan C. Arden Pope Jeffrey R. Brook Aruni Bhatnagar Ana V. Diez-Roux Fernando Holguin Yuling Hong Russell V. Luepker Murray A. Mittleman Annette Peters David Siscovick Sidney C. Smith Laurie Whitsel Joel D. Kaufman | 2010 | Circulation2010，，21： | 2 |
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