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| 1 | A mini-review on ion fluxes that regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation显示文摘The activation of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)inflammasome can be induced by a wide spectrum of activators.This is unlikely achieved by the binding of different activators directly to the NLRP3 protein itself,as the activators found so far show different forms of chemical structures.Previous studies have shown that these activators can induce potassium ion(K+)and chloride ion(Cl−)efflux,calcium(Ca2+)and other ion mobilization,mitochondrial dysfunction,and lysosomal disruption,all of which are believed to cause NLRP3 inflammasome activation;how these events are induced by the activators and how they coordinate with each other in inducing the NLRP3 inflammasome activation are not fully understood.Increasing evidence suggests that the coordinated change of intracellular ion concentrations may be a common mechanism for the NLRP3 activation by different activators.In this mini-review,we present a brief summary of the current knowledge about how different ionic flows(including K+,sodium ion,Ca2+,magnesium ion,manganese ion,zinc ion,iron ion,and Cl−)are involved in regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages. | Chenguang Li Mingye Chen Xianhui He Dongyun Ouyang | 2021 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2021，53，2： | 3 |
| 2 | A two-step multi-frequency receiver function inversion method for shallow crustal S-wave velocity structure and its application across the basin-mountain range belts in Northeast China显示文摘A shallow crustal velocity structure(above 10 km depth) is essential for understanding the crustal structures and deformation and assessing the exploration prospect of natural resources, and also provides priori information for imaging deeper crustal and mantle structure. Passive-source seismic methods are cost-effective and advantageous for regional-scale imaging of shallow crustal structures compared to active-source methods. Among these passive methods, techniques utilizing receiver function waveforms and/or body-wave amplitude ratios have recently gained prominence due to their relatively high spatial resolution. However, in basin regions, reverberations caused by near-surface unconsolidated sedimentary layers often introduce strong non-uniqueness and uncertainty, limiting the applicability of such methods. To address these challenges, we propose a two-step inversion method that uses multi-frequency P-RF waveforms and P-RF horizontal-to-vertical amplitude ratios. Synthetic tests indicate that our two-step inversion method can mitigate the non-uniqueness of the inversion and enhance the stability of the results. Applying this method to teleseismic data from a linear seismic array across the sedimentary basins in Northeast China, we obtain a high-resolution image of the shallow crustal S-wave velocity structure along the array. Our results reveal significant differences between the basins and mountains. The identification of low-velocity anomalies(<2.8 km s^(-1)) at depths less than 1.0 km beneath the Erlian Basin and less than 2.5 km beneath the Songliao Basin suggests the existence of sedimentary layers. Moreover, the high-velocity anomalies(~3.4–3.8 km s^(-1)) occurring at depths greater than 7 km in the Songliao Basin may reflect mafic intrusions emplaced during the Early Cretaceous. Velocity anomaly distribution in our imaging result is consistent with the location of the major faults, uplifts, and sedimentary depressions, as well as active-source seismic results. This application further validates the effectiveness of our method in constraining the depth-dependent characteristics of the S-wave velocity in basins with unconsolidated sedimentary cover. | Ruihao YANG Xu WANG Ling CHEN Mingye FENG Qifu CHEN | 2024 | Science China Earth Sciences2024，67，3： | 0 |
| 3 | Induction of multiple subroutines of regulated necrosis in murine macrophages by natural BH3-mimetic gossypol显示文摘Macrophages are critical sentinel cells armed with multiple regulated necrosis pathways,including pyroptosis,apoptosis followed by secondary necrosis,and necroptosis,and are poised to undergo distinct form(s)of necrosis for tackling dangers of pathogenic infection or toxic exposure.The natural BH3-mimetic gossypol is a toxic phytochemical that can induce apoptosis and/or pyroptotic-like cell death,but what exact forms of regulated necrosis are induced remains largely unknown.Here we demonstrated that gossypol induces pyroptotic-like cell death in both unprimed and lipopolysaccharide-primed mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMDMs),as evidenced by membrane swelling and ballooning accompanied by propidium iodide incorporation and lactic acid dehydrogenase release.Notably,gossypol simultaneously induces the activation of both pyroptotic and apoptotic(followed by secondary necrosis)pathways but only weakly activates the necroptosis pathway.Unexpectedly,gossypol-induced necrosis is independent of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)inflammasome,as neither inhibitor for the NLRP3 pathway nor NLRP3 deficiency protects the macrophages from the necrosis.Furthermore,necrotic inhibitors or even pan-caspase inhibitor alone does not or only partly inhibit such necrosis.Instead,a combination of inhibitors composed of pan-caspase inhibitor IDN-6556,RIPK3 inhibitor GSK′872 and NADPH oxidase inhibitor GKT137831 not only markedly inhibits the necrosis,with all apoptotic and pyroptotic pathways being blocked,but also attenuates gossypol-induced peritonitis in mice.Lastly,the activation of the NLRP3 pathway and apoptotic caspase-3 appears to be independent of each other.Collectively,gossypol simultaneously induces the activation of multiple subroutines of regulated necrosis in macrophages depending on both apoptotic and inflammatory caspases. | Meiyan Zhong Yuanting Huang Bo Zeng Lihui Xu Chunsu Zhong Jiahao Qiu Xunjia Ye Mingye Chen Bo Hu Dongyun Ouyang Xianhui He | 2022 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2022，54，1： | 0 |
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