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| 1 | Hepatocellular carcinoma: From diagnosis to treatment显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the sixth most prevalent malignancy worldwide and is a rising cause of cancer related mortality. Risk factors for HCC are well documented and effective surveillance and early diagnosis allow for curative therapies. The majority of HCC appears to be caused by cirrhosis from chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus. Preventive strategies include vaccination programs and anti-viral treatments.Surveillance with ultrasonography detects early stage disease and improves survival rates. Many treatment options exist for individuals with HCC and are determined by stage of presentation. Liver transplantation is offered to patients who are within the Milan criteria and are not candidates for hepatic resection. In patients with advanced stage disease, sorafenib shows some survival benefit. | Abhijeet Waghray Arvind R Murali KV Narayanan Menon | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，8： | 27 |
| 2 | A matched-pair analysis of laparoscopic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy: oncological outcomes using Leeds Pathology Protocol显示文摘BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD)is a safe procedure. Oncological safety of LPD is still a matter for debate. This study aimed to compare the oncological outcomes,in terms of adequacy of resection and recurrence rate following LPD and open pancreaticoduodenectomy(OPD).METHODS: Between November 2005 and April 2009, 12LPDs(9 ampullary and 3 distal common bile duct tumors)were performed. A cohort of 12 OPDs were matched for age,gender, body mass index(BMI) and American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) score and tumor site.RESULTS: Mean tumor size LPD vs OPD(19.8 vs 19.2 mm,P=0.870). R0 resection was achieved in 9 LPD vs 8 OPD(P=1.000). The mean number of metastatic lymph nodes and total number resected for LPD vs OPD were 1.1 vs 2.1(P=0.140)and 20.7 vs 18.5(P=0.534) respectively. Clavien complications grade I/II(5 vs 8), III/IV(2 vs 6) and pancreatic leak(2 vs 1)were statistically not significant(LPD vs OPD). The mean high dependency unit(HDU) stay was longer in OPD(3.7 vs 1.4 days,P<0.001). There were 2 recurrences each in LPD and OPD(logrank,P=0.983). Overall mortality for LPD vs OPD was 3 vs 6(log-rank, P=0.283) and recurrence-related mortality was 2 vs 1.There was one death within 30 days in the OPD group secondary to severe sepsis and none in the LPD group.CONCLUSIONS: Compared to open procedure, LPD achieved a similar rate of R0 resection, lymph node harvest and longterm recurrence for tumors less than 2 cm. Though technically challenging, LPD is safe and does not compromise oncological outcome. | Abdul R Hakeem Caroline S Verbeke Alison Cairns Amer Aldouri Andrew M Smith Krishna V Menon | 2014 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2014，13，4： | 24 |
| 3 | Bone mineral density and disorders of mineral metabolism in chronic liver disease显示文摘AIM:To estimate the prevalence and identify the risk factors for metabolic bone disease in patients with cirrhosis.METHODS:The study was performed on 72 Indian patients with cirrhosis(63 male, 9 female;aged < 50 years).Etiology of cirrhosis was alcoholism(n = 37), hepatitis B(n = 25) and hepatitis C(n = 10).Twenty-three patients belonged to Child class A, while 39 were in class B and 10 in class C.Secondary causes for metabolic bone disease and osteoporosis were ruled out.Sunlight exposure, physical activity and dietary constituents were calculated.Complete metabolic profiles were derived, and bone mineral density(BMD) was measured using dual energy X ray absorptiometry.Low BMD was defined as a Z score below-2.RESULTS:Low BMD was found in 68% of patients.Lumbar spine was the most frequently and severely affected site.Risk factors for low BMD included low physical activity, decreased sunlight exposure, and low lean body mass.Calcium intake was adequate, with unfavorable calcium:protein ratio and calcium:phosphorus ratio.Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent(92%).There was a high incidence of hypogonadism(41%).Serum estradiol level was elevated significantly in patients with normal BMD.Insulin-like growth factor(IGF) 1 and IGF binding protein 3 levels were below the age-related normal range in both groups.IGF-1 was signiflcantly lower in patients with low BMD.Serum osteocalcin level was low(68%) and urinary deoxypyridinoline to creatinine ratio was high(79%), which demonstrated low bone formation with high resorption.CONCLUSION:Patients with cirrhosis have low BMD.Contributory factors are reduced physical activity, low lean body mass, vitamin D def iciency and hypogonadism and low IGF-1 level. | Joe George Hosahithlu K Ganesh Shrikrishna Acharya Tushar R Bandgar Vyankatesh Shivane Anjana Karvat Shobna J Bhatia Samir Shah Padmavathy S Menon Nalini Shah | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，28： | 15 |
| 4 | Lessons learned from an audit of 1250 anal fistula patients operated at a single center:A retrospective review显示文摘BACKGROUND A complex anal fistula is a challenging disease to manage.AIM To review the experience and insights gained in treating a large cohort of patients at an exclusive fistula center.METHODS Anal fistulas operated on by a single surgeon over 14 years were analyzed.Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging was done in all patients.Four procedures were performed:fistulotomy;two novel sphincter-saving procedures,proximal superficial cauterization of the internal opening and regular emptying and curettage of fistula tracts(PERFACT)and transanal opening of intersphincteric space(TROPIS),and anal fistula plug.PERFACT was initiated before TROPIS.As per the institutional GFRI algorithm,fistulotomy was done in simple fistulas,and TROPIS was done in complex fistulas.Fistulas with associated abscesses were treated by definitive surgery.Incontinence was evaluated objectively by Vaizey incontinence scores.RESULTS A total of 1351 anal fistula operations were performed in 1250 patients.The overall fistula healing rate was 19.4%in anal fistula plug(n=56),50.3%in PERFACT(n=175),86%in TROPIS(n=408),and 98.6%in fistulotomy(n=611)patients.Continence did not change significantly after surgery in any group.As per the new algorithm,1019 patients were operated with either the fistulotomy or TROPIS procedure.The overall success rate was 93.5%in those patients.In a subgroup analysis,the overall healing rate in supralevator,horseshoe,and fistulas with an associated abscess was 82%,85.8%,and 90.6%,respectively.The 90.6%healing rate in fistulas with an associated abscess was comparable to that of fistulas with no abscess(94.5%,P=0.057,not significant).CONCLUSION Fistulotomy had a high 98.6%healing rate in simple fistulas without deterioration of continence if the patient selection was done judiciously.The sphincter-sparing procedure,TROPIS,was safe,with a satisfactory 86%healing rate for complex fistulas.This is the largest anal fistula series to date. | Pankaj Garg Baljit Kaur Ankita Goyal Vipul D Yagnik Sushil Dawka Geetha R Menon | 2021 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2021，13，4： | 8 |
| 5 | Guidelines on postoperative magnetic resonance imaging in patients operated for cryptoglandular anal fistula:Experience from 2404 scans显示文摘Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is considered the gold standard for the evaluation of anal fistulas.There is sufficient literature available outlining the interpretation of fistula MRI before performing surgery.However,the interpretation of MRI becomes quite challenging in the postoperative period after the surgery of fistula has been undertaken.Incidentally,there are scarce data and no set guidelines regarding analysis of fistula MRI in the postoperative period.In this article,we discuss the challenges faced while interpreting the postoperative MRI,the timing of the postoperative MRI,the utility of MRI in the postoperative period for the management of anal fistulas,the importance of the active involvement and experience of the treating clinician in interpreting MRI scans,and the latest advancements in the field. | Pankaj Garg Baljit Kaur Vipul D Yagnik Sushil Dawka Geetha R Menon | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，33： | 6 |
| 6 | Diagnosis of anorectal tuberculosis by polymerase chain reaction,GeneXpert and histopathology in 1336 samples in 776 anal fistula patients显示文摘BACKGROUND The association of tuberculosis(TB)with anal fistulas can make its treatment quite difficult.The main challenge is timely detection of TB in anal fistulas and its proper management.There is little data available on diagnosis and management of TB in anal fistulas.AIM To detect TB in fistula-in-ano patients were analyzed in different methods utilized.METHODS A retrospective analysis of different methods,polymerase chain-reaction(PCR),GeneXpert and histopathology(HPE),utilized to detect tuberculosis in fistula-inano patients,treated between 2014-2020,was performed.The sampling was done for tissue(fistula tract lining)and pus(when available).The detection rate of various tests to detect TB and prevalence rate of TB in simple vs complex fistulae were studied.RESULTS In 1336 samples(776 patients)tested,TB was detected in 133 samples(122 patients).TB was detected in 52/703(7.4%)samples tested by PCR-tissue,in 77/331(23.2%)samples tested by PCR-pus,3/197(1.5%)samples tested with HPE-tissue and 1/105(0.9%)samples tested by GeneXpert.To detect TB,PCRtissue was significantly better than HPE-tissue(52/703 vs 3/197 respectively)(P=0.0012,significant,Fisher’s exact test)and PCR-pus was significantly better than PCR-tissue(77/331 vs 52/703 respectively)(P<0.00001,significant,Fisher’s exact test).TB fistulas were more complex than non-tuberculous fistulas[78/113(69%)vs 278/727(44.3%)respectively](P<0.00001,significant,Fisher’s exact test)but the overall healing rate was similar in tuberculous and non-tuberculous fistula groups[90/102(88.2%)vs 518/556(93.2%)respectively](P=0.10,not significant,Fisher’s exact test).CONCLUSION This is the largest study of anorectal TB to be published.The detection of TB by polymerase chain-reaction was significantly higher than by histopathology and GeneXpert.Amongst polymerase chain-reaction,pus had a higher detection rate than tissue.TB fistulas were more complex than non-tuberculous fistulas but aggressive diagnosis and meticulous treatment led to comparable overall success rates in both groups. | Pankaj Garg Ankita Goyal Vipul D Yagnik Sushil Dawka Geetha R Menon | 2021 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2021，13，4： | 3 |
| 7 | Guidelines to diagnose and treat peri-levator high-5 anal fistulas: Supralevator, suprasphincteric, extrasphincteric, high outersphincteric, and high intrarectal fistulas显示文摘Supralevator,suprasphincteric,extrasphincteric,and high intrarectal fistulas(high fistulas in muscle layers of the rectal wall)are well-known high anal fistulas which are considered the most complex and extremely challenging fistulas to manage.Magnetic resonance imaging has brought more clarity to the pathophysiology of these fistulas.Along with these fistulas,a new type of complex fistula in high outersphincteric space,a fistula at the roof of ischiorectal fossa inside the levator ani muscle(RIFIL),has been described.The diagnosis,management,and prognosis of RIFIL fistulas is reported to be even worse than supralevator and suprasphincteric fistulas.There is a lot of confusion regarding the anatomy,diagnosis,and management of these five types of fistulas.The main reason for this is the paucity of literature about these fistulas.The common feature of all these fistulas is their complete involvement of the external anal sphincter.Therefore,fistulotomy,the simplest and most commonly performed procedure,is practically ruled out in these fistulas and a sphincter-saving procedure needs to be performed.Recent advances have provided new insights into the anatomy,radiological modalities,diagnosis,and management of these five types of high fistulas.These have been discussed and guidelines formulated for the diagnosis and treatment of these fistulas for the first time in this paper. | Pankaj Garg Vipul D Yagnik Sushil Dawka Baljit Kaur Geetha R Menon | 2022 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2022，28，16： | 2 |
| 8 | Comparative evaluation of megadose methylprednisolone with dexamethasone for treatment of primary optic neuritis 显示文摘 | Menon V Mehrotra A Saxena R | 2007 | Indian J Opthalmol2007，55，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Parkinson's disease, depression, and quality-of-life显示文摘 | Menon B Nayar R Kumar S | 2015 | Indian J Psychol Med2015，37，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Pontine tuberculoma presenting with horizontal gaze palsy显示文摘 | Saxena R Menon V Sinha A | 2006 | J Neuroophthalmol2006，26，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Intrinsic signal changes accompanying sensory stimulation: functional brain mapping using MRI显示文摘 | Tank D Menon R | 1992 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1992，89，13： | 1 |
| 12 | Diet-induced im- paired glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes in the dog显示文摘 | Moore MC Menon R Coate KC | 2011 | J Appl Physiol2011，110，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Cloning,sequencing and characterization of the hydrogenase-encoding structural genes (hoxK and hoxG) from Azotobacter vinelandii显示文摘 | Menon A L Stults L W Robson R L | 1990 | Gene1990，96，1： | 1 |
| 14 | False aneurysm of cavernous carotid artery and carotid cavemous fistula:complications following transsphenoidal surgery显示文摘 | Kachhara R Menon G Bhattacharya RN | 2003 | Neurol India2003，51，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Differences in the placental membrane cytokine response:apossible explanation for the racial disparity in preterm birth显示文摘 | Menon R Merialdi M Lombardi SJ | 2006 | Am J Reprod Immunol2006，56，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Itolizumab-a humanized anti-CD6monoclonal antibody with a better side effects profile for the treatment of psoriasis显示文摘 | Menon R David B G | 2015 | Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol2015，7，8： | 1 |
| 17 | Dendritic cells in colorectal cancer correlate with other tumor-infiltrating immune cells 显示文摘 | Dadabayev A R Sandel M H Menon A G | 2004 | Cancer Immunol Immunother2004，53，11： | 1 |
| 18 | Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory prop- erties of curcumin显示文摘 | Menon V P Sudheer A R | 2007 | Adv Exp Med Biol2007，595，： | 1 |
| 19 | The functional and clinical roles of osteopontin in cancer and metastasis 显示文摘 | Furger K A Menon R K Tuck A B | 2001 | Curr Mol Med2001，1，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Field Investigation of Child Restraint Systems in Side lmpact Crashes显示文摘 | Arbogast K B Yoganandan G Menon R A | 2005 | Traffic Injury Prevention2005，6，4： | 1 |
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