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| 1 | Are probiotics useful in Helicobacter pylori eradication?显示文摘Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is considered an etiologic factor for the development of peptic ulcer disease,gastric adenocarcinoma, and MALT lymphoma.Therapeutic schemes to eradicate the bacteria are based on double antibiotic therapy and proton pump inhibitor. Despite many therapeutic improvements in H. pylori eradication treatment, it is still associated with high infection rate also in developed countries.Bacterial resistance and adverse events occurrence are among most frequent causes for anti- H. pylori treatment failure. Several studies have reported that certain probiotic strains can exhibit inhibitory activity against H. pylori bacteria. In addition, some probiotic strains can reduce the occurrence of side effects due to antibiotic therapy and consequently increase the H.pylori eradication rate. The results of the prospective double-blind placebo-controlled studies suggest that specific probiotics, such as S. boulardii and L.johnsonni La1 probably can diminish the bacterial load,but not completely eradicate the H. pylori bacteria.Furthermore, it seems that supplementation with S. boulardii is a useful concomitant therapy in the standard H. pylori eradication treatment protocol and most probably increases eradication rate. L. reuteri is equally effective, but more positive studies are needed. Finally, probiotic strains, such as S. boulardii,L. reuteri and L. GG, decrease gastrointestinal antibiotic associated adverse effects. | Matjaz Homan Rok Orel | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，37： | 29 |
| 2 | Helicobacter pylori virulence genes显示文摘Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)is one of the most important human pathogens,infecting approximately half of the global population.Despite its high prevalence,only a subset of H.pylori infected individuals develop serious gastroduodenal pathology.The pathogenesis of H.pylori infection and disease outcome is thus thought to be mediated by an intricate interplay between host,environmental and bacterial virulence factors.H.pylori has adapted to the harsh milieu of the human stomach through possession of various virulence genes that enable survival of the bacteria in the acidic environment,movement towards the gastric epithelium,and attachment to gastric epithelial cells.These virulence factors enable successful colonization of the gastric mucosa and sustain persistent H.pylori infection,causing chronic inflammation and tissue damage,which may eventually lead to the development of peptic ulcers and gastric cancer.Numerous studies have focused on the prevalence and role of putative H.pylori virulence genes in disease pathogenesis.While several virulence factors with various functions have been identified,disease associations appear to be less evident,especially among different study populations.This review presents key findings on the most important H.pylori virulence genes,including several bacterial adhesins and toxins,in children and adults,and focuses on their prevalence,clinical significance and potential relationships. | Anja Sterbenc Erika Jarc Mario Poljak Matjaz Homan | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，33： | 19 |
| 3 | Abernethy syndrome in Slovenian children: Five case reports and review of literature显示文摘BACKGROUND Abernethy syndrome is a congenital vascular anomaly in which the portal blood completely or partially bypasses the liver through a congenital portosystemic shunt.Although the number of recognized and reported cases is gradually increasing,Abernethy syndrome is still a rare disease entity,with an estimated prevalence between 1 per 30000 to 1 per 50000 cases.With this case series,we aimed to contribute to the growing knowledge of potential clinical presentations,course and complications of congenital portosystemic shunts(CPSS)in children.CASE SUMMARY Five children are presented in this case series:One female and four males,two with an intrahepatic CPSS and three with an extrahepatic CPSS.The first patient,who was diagnosed with an intrahepatic CPSS,presented with gastrointestinal bleeding,abdominal pain and hyperammonaemia at six years of age.He underwent a percutaneous embolization of his shunt and has remained asymptomatic ever since.The second patient presented with direct hyperbilirubinemia in the neonatal period and his intrahepatic CPSS later spontaneously regressed.The third patient had pulmonary hypertension and hyperammonaemia due to complete portal vein agenesis and underwent liver transplantation at five years of age.The fourth patient was diagnosed immediately after birth,when evaluated due to another congenital vascular anomaly,and the last patient presented as a teenager with recurrent bone fractures associated with severe osteoporosis.In addition,the last two patients are characterised by benign liver nodules;however,they are clinically stable on symptomatic therapy.CONCLUSION Abernethy syndrome is a rare anomaly with diverse clinical features,affecting almost all organ systems and presenting at any age. | Jerneja Pecek Petja Fister Matjaz Homan | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，37： | 6 |
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