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| 1 | Folic acid supplementation inhibits recurrence of colorectal adenomas:A randomized chemoprevention trial显示文摘AIM: To determine whether folic acid supplementation will reduce the recurrence of colorectal adenomas, the precursors of colorectal cancer, we performed a double-blind placebo-controlled trial in patients with adenomatous polyps. METHODS: In the current double-blind, placebo-controlled trial at this VA Medical Center, patients with colorectal adenomas were randomly assigned to receive either a daily 5 mg dose of folic acid or a matched identical placebo for 3 years. All polyps were removed at baseline colonoscopy and each patient had a follow up colonoscopy at 3 years. The primary endpoint was a reduction in the number of recurrent adenomas at 3 years. RESULTS: Of 137 subjects, who were eligible after confirmation of polyp histology and run-in period to conform compliance, 94 completed the study; 49 in folic acid group and 45 in placebo group. Recurrence of adenomas at 3-year was compared between the two groups. The mean number of recurrent polyps at 3-year was 0.36 (SD, 0.69) for folic acid treated patients compared to 0.82 (SD, 1.17) for placebo treated subjects, resulting in a 3-fold increase in polyp recurrence in the placebo group. Patients below 70 years of age and those with left-sided colonicadenomas or advanced adenomas responded better to folic acid supplementation. CONCLUSION: High dose folic acid supplementation is associated with a signif icant reduction in the recurrence of colonic adenomas suggesting that folic acid may be an effective chemopreventive agent for colorectal neoplasia. | Richard Jaszewski Sabeena Misra Martin Tobi Nadeem Ullah Jo Ann Naumoff Omer Kucuk Edi Levi Bradley N Axelrod Bhaumik B Patel Adhip PN Majumdar | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，28： | 10 |
| 2 | Immune profiling and cancer post transplantation显示文摘Half of all long-term(> 10 year) australian kidney transplant recipients(KTR) will develop squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) or solid organ cancer(SOC), making cancer the leading cause of death with a functioning graft. At least 30% of KTR with a history of SCC or SOC will develop a subsequent SCC orSOC lesion. Pharmacological immunosuppression is a major contributor of the increased risk of cancer for KTR, with the cancer lesions themselves further adding to systemic immunosuppression and could explain, in part, these phenomena. Immune profiling includes; measuring immunosuppressive drug levels and pharmacokinetics, enumerating leucocytes and leucocyte subsets as well as testing leucocyte function in either an antigen specific or non-specific manner. Outputs can vary from assay to assay according to methods used. In this review we define the rationale behind post-transplant immune monitoring assays and focus on assays that associate and/or have the ability to predict cancer and rejection in the KTR. We find that immune monitoring can identify those KTR of developing multiple SCC lesions and provide evidence they may benefit from pharmacological immunosuppressive drug dose reductions. In these KTR risk of rejection needs to be assessed to determine if reduction of immunosuppression will not harm the graft. | Christopher Martin Hope Patrick Toby H Coates Robert Peter Carroll | 2015 | World Journal of Nephrology2015，4，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Expansion of the red cell distribution width and evolving iron deficiency as predictors of poor outcome in chronic heart failure显示文摘 | Nay Aung Hua Zen Ling Adrian S. Cheng Suneil Aggarwal Julia Flint Michelle Mendonca Mohammed Rashid Swan Kang Susanne Weissert Caroline J. Coats Toby Richards Martin Thomas Simon Woldman Darlington O. Okonko | 2013 | International Journal of Cardiology2013，，： | 1 |
| 4 | Octreotide Uptake in Intracranial Metastasis of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Origin in a Patient with a Prolonged Clinical Course 显示文摘 | Rama MarepaIly Dan Micheals Andrew Sloan James Hatfield Volkan Adsay Richard Joyrieh Nadeem Ullah Martin Tobi | 2009 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences2009，，： | 1 |
| 5 | Inhibition of Kupffer cell CEA-uptake averts liver metastases in a spontaneous eolo- rectal cancer animal model:Chemoblockade in humans may provide a target for intervention 显示文摘 | Martin Tobi Violeta Yordanova James Hatfield | 2006 | Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res2006，47，： | 1 |
| 6 | Urinary organ specific neoantigen显示文摘 | Martin Tobi Elizabeth Darmon Paul Rozen Nurit Harpaz Aron Fink Benedict Maliakkal Allan Halline Sohrab Mobarhan Zvi Bentwich | 1995 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences1995，，7： | 1 |
| 7 | Geo-visualization Fortran library显示文摘 | Gen-Tao Chiang Toby O.H. White Martin T. Dove C. Isabella Bovolo John Ewen | 2010 | Computers and Geosciences2010，，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Gastrointestinal Tract Antigenic Profile of Cotton-Top Tamarin, Saguinus oedipus, is Similar to That of Humans with Inflammatory Bowel Disease显示文摘 | Martin Tobi Sreeniwas Chintalapani Karel Kithier Neal Clapp | 2000 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences2000，，12： | 1 |
| 9 | Carcinoembryonic antigen family of adhesion molecules in the cotton top tamarin ( Saguinus oedipus )显示文摘 | Martin Tobi Sreenivas Chintalapani Karel Kithier Neal Clapp | 2000 | Cancer Letters2000，，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Early Detection of Illness Associated With Poisonings of Public Health Significance显示文摘 | Amy F. Wolkin Manish Patel William Watson Martin Belson Carol Rubin Joshua Schier Edwin M. Kilbourne Carol Gotway Crawford Wendy Wattigney Toby Litovitz | 2006 | Annals of Emergency Medicine2006，，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Role of cell-free network communication in alcohol-associated disorders and liver metastasis显示文摘The aberrant use of alcohol is a major factor in cancer progression and metastasis.Contributing mechanisms include the systemic effects of alcohol and the exchange of bioactive molecules between cancerous and non-cancerous cells along the brain-gut-liver axis.Such interplay leads to changes in molecular,cellular,and biological functions resulting in cancer progression.Recent investigations have examined the role of extracellular vesicles(EVs)in cancer mechanisms in addition to their contribution as diagnostic biomarkers.Also,EVs are emerging as novel cell-free mediators in pathophysiological scenarios including alcohol-mediated gut microbiome dysbiosis and the release of nanosized EVs into the circulatory system.Interestingly,EVs in cancer patients are enriched with oncogenes,miRNA,lipids,and glycoproteins whose delivery into the hepatic microenvironment may be enhanced by the detrimental effects of alcohol.Proof-of-concept studies indicate that alcohol-associated liver disease is impacted by the effects of exosomes,including altered immune responses,reprogramming of stromal cells,and remodeling of the extracellular matrix.Moreover,the culmination of alcoholrelated changes in the liver likely contributes to enhanced hepatic metastases and poor outcomes for cancer patients.This review summarizes the numerous aspects of exosome communications between organs with emphasis on the relationship of EVs in alcohol-associated diseases and cancer metastasis.The potential impact of EV cargo and release along a multi-organ axis is highly relevant to the promotion of tumorigenic mechanisms and metastatic disease.It is hypothesized that EVs target recipient tissues to initiate the formation of prometastatic niches and cancer progression.The study of alcohol-associated mechanisms in metastatic cancers is expected to reveal a better understanding of factors involved in the growth of secondary malignancies as well as novel approaches for therapeutic interventions. | Murali R Kuracha Peter Thomas Martin Tobi Benita L McVicker | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，41： | 0 |
| 12 | 人类生命早期暴露组(HELIX):项目理念与设计(续完)显示文摘3.2研究2:室外暴露
传统h基于居住区评估的暴露,如室外空气污染、噪声、建筑环境,可以通过收集时间一空间活动以及(就空气污染而言)个人吸入空气量的信息,改善暴露评估和减小测量误差。例如,可替代吸入率(Kawahara等,2011)的体力活动方面的信息与个人空气污染测量结合来评估吸入剂量。基于暴露评估的新一代地理信息系统(GIS)(Beelen等,2013;Eeflens等,2012)、遥感(Dadvand等,2012)和智能手机技术(deNazelle等,2013)使评估室外暴露和整合个人活动范围及体力活动数据变得更容易。 | Martine Vrijheid Rémy Slama Oliver Robinson Leda Chatzi Muireann Coen Peter van den Hazel Cathrine Thomsen John Wright Toby J.Athersuch Narcis Avellana Xavier Basagana Celine Brochot Luca Bucchini Mariona Bustamante Angel Carracedo Maribel Casas Xavier Estivill Lesley Fairley Diana van Gent Juan R.Gonzalez Berit Granum Regina Grazuleviiene Kristine B.Gutzkow Jordi Julvez Hector C.Keun Manolis Kogevinas Rosemary R.C.McEachan Helle Margrete Meltzer Eduard Sabidó Per E.Schwarze Valérie Siroux Jordi Sunyer Elizabeth J.Want Florence Zeman Mark J.Nieuwenhuijsen 何蓉 操仪 汪源 金泰廙 | 2015 | 环境与职业医学2015，32，2： | 0 |
| 13 | 在初级医疗的自限性呼吸道感染治疗中减少处方抗生素的安全性:使用电子健康记录的队列研究显示文摘目的全科医疗诊所在治疗自限性呼吸道感染(RTIs)治疗时较少使用抗生素,明确这样做是否会增加肺炎、扁桃体周围脓肿、乳突炎、脓胸、脑膜炎、颅内脓肿及雷米尔综合征的发生率。 | Martin C Gulliford Michael V Moore Paul Little Alastair D Hay Robin Fox A Toby Prevost Domta Juszczyk Judith Charlton Mark Ashwonh 许阳 陈良安 | 2017 | 英国医学杂志中文版2017，20，6： | 0 |
| 14 | Global assessment of genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity in the lichen-forming species Tephromela atra显示文摘Understanding how many species exist and the processes by which they form remains a central topic of ecological and evolutionary biology,but represents a special challenge within microbial groups.The lichen-forming fungi represent one of the best examples in which species evolution and diversity create patterns of high phenotypic plasticity coupled with wide geographic distributions.We sampled the lichen-forming species Tephromela atra and related species at a world-wide scale to reconstruct a phylogenetic hypothesis using three nuclear markers.Samples were also studied for morphological and chemical traits to assess how well the phenotypic relationships with species,previously segregated from T.atra,agrees with molecular data.We used a genealogical concordance approach and identified 15 monophyletic clades,which may represent independent lineages.By combining morphological and chemical characters,ecological preferences and geographic origin we distinguish six different species.Although subtle phenotypical traits are frequently used for describing previously cryptic species in fungi,the continuum of variability found in morphology and chemical patterns in T.atra prevents the description of new taxa with characteristic traits.We observed that phenotypic characters arise in parallel at local or regional scale but are not correlated with genetic isolation.Therefore,they are insufficient for characterizing species with broad geographic ranges within T.atra. | Lucia Muggia Sergio Pérez-Ortega Alan Fryday Toby Spribille Martin Grube | 2014 | Fungal Diversity2014，，1： | 0 |
| 15 | Diagnostics for a troubled backbone:testing topological hypotheses of trapelioid lichenized fungi in a large-scale phylogeny of Ostropomycetidae(Lecanoromycetes)显示文摘Trapelioid fungi constitute a widespread group of mostly crust-forming lichen mycobionts that are key to understanding the early evolutionary splits in the Ostropomycetidae,the second-most species-rich subclass of lichenized Ascomycota.The uncertain phylogenetic resolution of the approximately 170 species referred to this group contributes to a poorly resolved backbone for the entire subclass.Based on a data set including 657 newly generated sequences from four ribosomal and four protein-coding gene loci,we tested a series of a priori and new evolutionary hypotheses regarding the relationships of trapelioid clades within Ostropomycetidae.We found strong support for a monophyletic group of nine core trapelioid genera but no statistical support to reject the long-standing hypothesis that trapelioid genera are sister to Baeomycetaceae or Hymeneliaceae.However,we can reject a sister group relationship to Ostropales with high confidence.Our data also shed light on several longstanding questions,recovering Anamylopsoraceae nested within Baeomycetaceae,elucidating two major monophyletic groups within trapelioids(recognized here as Trapeliaceae and Xylographaceae),and rejecting the monophyly of the genus Rimularia.We transfer eleven species of the latter genus to Lambiella and describe the genus Parainoa to accommodate a previously misunderstood species of Trapeliopsis.Past phylogenetic studies in Ostropomycetidae have invoked Bdivergence order^for drawing taxonomic conclusions on higher level taxa.Our data show that if backbone support is lacking,contrasting solutions may be recovered with different or added data.We accordingly urge caution in concluding evolutionary relationships from unresolved phylogenies. | Philipp Resl Kevin Schneider Martin Westberg Christian Printzen Zdeněk Palice Göran Thor Alan Fryday Helmut Mayrhofer Toby Spribille | 2015 | Fungal Diversity2015，，4： | 0 |
| 16 | 人类生命早期暴露组(HELIX):项目理念与设计(待续)显示文摘[背景]人类在生命早期的发育期间可能特别容易受到环境暴露的影响。有关这一主题的人体研究一般集中在单一暴露与健康效应之间的关系。而'暴露组'的概念涵盖了从受孕开始的的全部暴露,完善了基因组。[目的]人类生命早期暴露组(HELIX)项目是一个新的合作研究项目,目的是为了采用新的暴露评估和生物标志分析方法来描述生命早期多种环境因素的暴露,并将这些与生物标志组学和儿童健康结局相关联,从而刻画'生命早期暴露组'。本文描述了该项目的总体设计。[方法]HELIX将利用欧洲现有的6个出生队列研究来估计产前、产后暴露的一系列化学和物理暴露。建立全部队列中总共32 000对母亲和儿童的暴露模型,并在一个包含1 200对母亲和儿童的子队列中测量生物标志。嵌套重复采样的定组研究(n=150)将收集生物标志的变化数据,利用智能手机来评估流动性和体力活动,并监测个体暴露。采用组学技术确定与暴露相关的分子学特征(代谢组、蛋白质组、转录组和表观基因组)。对于多次暴露,采用统计方法估计胎儿和儿童的成长、肥胖、神经发育和呼吸系统结局中的暴露-效应关系。项目还将进行一项健康效应评估测试,以评价组合暴露的风险和收益。[结论]HELIX是描述欧洲人群生命早期暴露组并解开它与组学标志物和儿童健康之间关联的首次尝试之一。作为对暴露组学这一概念的验证,该项目向生命过程中暴露组迈出了重要的第一步。 | Martine Vrijheid Rémy Slama Oliver Robinson Leda Chatzi Muireann Coen Peter van den Hazel Cathrine Thomsen John Wright Toby J.Athersuch Narcis Avellana Xavier Basagana Celine Brochot Luca Bucchini Mariona Bustamante Angel Carracedo Maribel Casas Xavier Estivill Lesley Fairley Diana van Gent Juan R.Gonzalez Berit Granum Regina Grazuleviiene Kristine B.Gutzkow Jordi Julvez Hector C.Keun Manolis Kogevinas Rosemary R.C.McEachan Helle Margrete Meltzer Eduard Sabidó PerE.Schwarze Valérie Siroux Jordi Sunyer Elizabeth J.Want Florence Zeman Mark J.Nieuwenhuijsen 何蓉 操仪 汪源 金泰廙 | 2015 | 环境与职业医学2015，32，1： | 0 |
| 17 | 类癌性心脏疾病患者行瓣膜手术的术中管理:100例连续病例的回顾显示文摘背景在类癌性心脏病患者的心脏手术中,常因类癌危象、心血管功能障碍和失血导致血流动力学不稳定。在使用奥曲肽的同时,合用血管加压药物的安全性以及抑肽酶的益处尚不明确。方法我们回顾了从1985年到2003年的18年中,连续100例类癌性心脏病患者行心脏手术的病例,对奥曲肽给药期间合用血管加压药物和抑肽酶的影响以及患者的死亡率进行了单因素分析。由于抑肽酶可以暂时性降低死亡率,因此行双因素分析以鉴别其他与死亡率相关的因素。结果分别用奥曲肽(胛=89)和(或)血管加压药(门=93)处理类癌症状和低血压。血管加压药并没有随着奥曲肽用量的增加而增加。手术中需要使用肾上腺素的患者死亡率较高,但其手术前的纽约心脏协会分级就较差,尿中5.羟哼J哚乙酸水平以及对输血的需求都较高。抑肽酶(,z=54)可降低患者对输血的需求,并增加奥曲肽的用量,但对死亡率无影响。死亡率方面,从1985年到1994年的28%,下降至1995年到2003年的6%,平均总死亡率为13%。死亡率与大量输血和长时间心肺转流有关。结论血管加压药物可以与奥曲肽合用于类癌患者。死亡率的增加可能与肾上腺素的使用有关,这主要是由选择性差异导致的,而不是药物的原发不良反应。类癌患者的存活率随着时间推移而增加是由多因素造成的,与使用抑肽酶无关,说明在应用奥曲肽的情况下,在这类患者中进一步抑制激肽释放酶——激肽系统对预后并无益处。 | Toby N. Weingarten, MD Martin D. Abel, MD Heidi M. Connolly, MD DarrellR. Schroeder, MS Hartzell V. Schaff, MD 张益(译) 喻田(校) | 2008 | 麻醉与镇痛2008，4，6： | 0 |
| 18 | Avoiding hepatic metastasis naturally: Lessons from the cotton top tamarin(Saguinus oedipus )显示文摘Much has been written about hepatic metastasis and animal models abound. In terms of the human experience, progress in treating this final common pathway, a terminal event of many human malignancies has been relatively slow. The current thinking is that primary prevention is best served by early detection of cancer and eradication of early stage cancers by screening. Some cancers spread early in their course and the role of screening may be limited. Until relatively recently there has not been a pathfinder model that makes the evasion of this unfortunate event a reality. This review discusses such an animal model and attempts to relate it to human disease in terms of intervention. Concrete proposals are also offered on how scientists may be able to intervene to prevent this deadly progression of the cancer process. | Martin Tobi Peter Thomas Daniel Ezekwudo | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，24： | 0 |
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